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Several engineering ideas have made use of waste heat recovery methods in recent years. Research in this area focuses on a variety of control and engine management technologies with the overarching goal of improving fuel economy, vehicle performance, and fuel efficiency. This document lays out the plans for using the engine's dissipated heat energy to warm the fuel before it enters the engine to burn. Fuel poured into a fine mist and mixed with air keeps an internal combustion engine going. To prevent engine damage, most internal combustion engines use liquid cooling, which involves either using air, which is a vapour, or a fluid coolant that passes through a heat exchanger (radiator) cooled by air. In an air-cooled motor engine, the goal of the endeavour is to warm the fuel before it reaches the carburettor in order to atomize it more. This study presents an alternative to preheating using engine waste heat, which is advantageous since it reduces strain on the engine and may be used to heat fuel. Vehicles powered by internal combustion engines may benefit from increased thermal efficiency via the use of waste heat from exhaust gases. However, not all exhaust gas heat recovery systems are up to snuff in terms of light temperature and exhaust gas energy. Exhaust gas heat is mostly affected by the combustion phase; spark timing delays have the potential to greatly enhance this heat. At both steady-state and dynamic operating circumstances and engine modes of operation, this study examines how a substantial spark-ignition delay affects heat and exhaust gas. The results showed a remarkable 82.02% gain in fuel economy, which is outstanding but not definitive since the testing were only conducted up to 4500 rpm. Additionally, there was a noteworthy drop in pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experimental study's goal is to evaluate and contrast the drilled hole surface roughness of AA5182 material that has been processed following drilling operations utilising HSS drill tools and M35 twist drill tools in a cutting-edge CNC vertical machining centre with & without lubricant. Aluminium Alloy 5182 containing 4.5% of magnesium as alloy is used as base material to perform CNC drilling operation using HSS drill tool and M35 twist drill bits of 10mm drill bit diameter and 118° drill bit nose angle. In this work, drill bits are compared for drilling operations of 10 mm depth with constant cutting speed of 2200 rpm and cutting feed of 180 mm/min as input variables programmed in novel CNC vertical machining center without lubricant as dry drilling operation. For each drill bit, 20 samples of AA5182 drilled holes surface roughness were measured in MitutoyoSurftest SJ-410 equipment. Sample size is calculated using GPower with 95% confidence interval and threshold value of 0.05. On comparing the surface roughness measured, mean value of HSS drill tool and M35 drill tools were 0.824 and 0.308 respectively. Between two groups there is a significant difference in variance with a value of 0.002 (p<0.05). On comparing the surface roughness of M35 and HSS drill bit over workpiece AA5182 within the limits of input parameter and machining conditions, twist drill bit M35 resulted in better surface quality than HSS drill bit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exhaust pipe is a component in the exhaust system of a two-wheeler which is used to guide the reaction gases to move away from engine. This is a part which tends to corrode over a period of time. Therefore, improvement in corrosion resistance on the exhaust pipe can be achieved by introducing better material and manufacturing processes. An exhaust pipe is generally made of stainless-steel which corrodes over a period of time and therefore enhancing the corrosion resistance of the outer part of the pipe is a needed one. To achieve this, pipe was coated with Aluminium Bronze alloy for a thickness of 1mm through heat flux coating. Then the modelling and analysis of the exhaust pipe was done using the ANSYS 15.0 software. Also, the exhaust pipes with stainless steel and aluminium bronze coating were evaluated to find its corrosion characteristics by salt spray test and hot flow process test by entering the gases like nitrogen (N2), Carbon dioxide (CO2) through the pipe. In this work we compared both stainless-steel and aluminium bronze alloy coated exhaust pipe and the results were analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In upcoming generation of automobiles industry, we are major focusing on optimization of tyre design. Tyres are the only medium which are responsible for moving a vehicle back and forth and for providing the directional stability. Conventional tyres does the quite firmly and are currently in their best era. Few of the drawback of pneumatic tyres are they all suffer getting puncture, pressure maintenance, operating atmosphere can change the air density which causes pressure loss etc., these problems push industry to create new tyres which doesn't carry same problems. The scope for improvement is always exist in the designing processes. Airless tyres are an option which doesn't have any of the issues. Airless tyres are rubber structure which support the vehicle load during its all maneuverability. The structural design of the tyre decides the properties of tyre such as tyres stiffness, lateral stiffness, load bearing capacity and more. In this tyre design we have utilized properties of arc of a circle. Arc has a property of being more rigid to loads on one side on it and another side it would like to deform much easily. The concept utilizes arc structured slots throughout the tyres which gives load bearing capacity and longitudinal stiffness to acceleration. On either of the edges semi-elliptical cut-outs gives lateral stiffness to the structure. The side cut-outs of the tyres gives more deformability to the edges than the middle core of the tyres so that whenever the vehicle is on rough terrain. The tread thickness of the tyre determines how much tyre can deform at the same contact patch which tells deformability in rough terrain. The side wall thickness of the tyre is an arbitrary constant considered. As the load, terrain or operating environment changes tyres design also changes and according to rims dimensions too the design should get manipulated. This paper will give the guidelines to the future research in the optimization of Airless tyres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]