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Investigation finds the influence of nano-fluids in developing heat transfer by changing base fluids (water and Ethylene glycol). The fluids contain nanoparticles (Ag, TiO2, Al2O3, and Fe) Volume concentration ranging between 2%- 8%. 3-D numerical simulation has carried out on shell and tube heat exchanger utilizing ANSYS Fluent Software. The mass, momentum, and energy equations [three dimensional] were evaluated utilizing SIMPLE algorithm further discretized with the use of Finite Volume Method. The result shows the nanoparticles combination increases heat transfer rate also increases. The present research shows Ag-H2O nanofluid give improved results as related to other Nanofluids and other base fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluid power system is quite popular due to its versatile application in almost all the fields. In foundry industry, the molten metal will be poured into moulds to get required metal castings. Larger castings have automated tilting mechanisms to pour the molten metal. We have indigenously a portable electric furnace for small scale applications. To pour the metal from the furnace in to the moulds we intend to take the help of actuators that are attached to the base of the furnace. Since the weight of furnace is comparatively high, we are using hydraulic actuators that will enable us to achieve the required cycle time to pour the metal. We can alter the speed of the actuators using suitable speed control valves. Thus, it is imperative to design the power pack to meet the requirements by considering all the critical parameters. Initially we wish to simulate the entire working of the tilting mechanism using automation studio software. The results obtained by this simulation will be used as a starting point for the actual development of the mechanism. The results will then be validated for different loading conditions under different fluid pressures so that the fabrication work and selection of hydraulic components will become simpler. The simulation involves both hydraulic connections as well as relay connections. We plan to operate the tilting mechanism by employing a 4/3 solenoid control direction valve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The placement of a small solid wall towards cold surface of square porous cavity affects the heat transfer behavior of porous region due to restriction of fluid motion in the region occupied by solid wall. An investigation of heat transfer is carried out to understand the fluid flow and heat transfer behavior in porous cavity by solving the governing partial differential equations. Galerkin’s approach is used to convert the partial differential equations into algebraic form of equations by applying finite element method. The heat transfer increases for solid towards right surface as compared to the case of solid at center of cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conjugate heat transfer in porous medium is an important study involved in many practical applications. The current study is aimed to investigate the double diffusive flow in a square porous cavity subjected to left vertical surface heating and right vertical surface cooling respectively along with left and right surfaces maintained at high and low concentration. The three governing equations are converted into algebraic form of equations by applying finite element method and solved in iterative manner. The study is focused to investigate the effect of presence of solid inside the cavity with respect to varying buoyancy ratio. It is found that the local heat and mass transfer rate decreases along the height of cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Double diffusion refers to the heat and mass transfer that takes place simultaneously. The current work highlights the double diffusion when a solid block is placed at the bottom of a square porous cavity. The whole cavity is filed with saturated porous medium except the small block placed at the bottom left corner of the domain. The left vertical surface of porous cavity is maintained at concentration Ch and right vertical surface possesses lowest concentration Cc in the porous domain. The results are discussed in terms of isotherms' iso-concentration and streamlines inside the domain for various physical parameters. It is seen that the mass transfer is substantially different in present case as compared to the case of natural convection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat transfer in porous medium is one of the intense filed of research for many years. This paper investigates the heat transfer in a porous cavity due to an isothermal block placed at top of left vertical wall. The right vertical wall of cavity is maintained at isothermal cold temperature. The governing partial differential equations are solved by employing finite element method. Results are discussed with respect to physical parameters in terms of contour plots of isothermal and streamlines. It is found that the heat transfer due to block at top of vertical surface makes the heat to be concentrated at upper side of porous domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]