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Modern circulating water supply systems are the most common and reliable components of the country's industrial sector. The use of water in circulating and reusable systems requires the applying of advanced engineering solutions aimed at increasing the reliability level and its process reliability, technical excellence and environmental safety of circulating water supply systems. The solution of the specified problems and tasks is in a choice of hydraulically substantiated parameters and modes for systems of circulating water supply which can be defined by the correct calculation and economically expedient choice of a configuration of the circulating water supply systems. Achieving the reliability level and environmental safety of water bodies at industrial water supply systems can be determined at the design stage and, in particular, at the stage of modeling the processes that occur during the treatment of galvanic wastewater. Theoretical and experimental researches of parameters of impurity particles movement in water solutions are carried out in work. The analysis is carried out and recommendations concerning the choice of engineering and technical decisions at designing, choosing and operation of the technological equipment for circulating water supply systems at the industrial enterprises are developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water Treatment is a process where the water is treated to remove contaminants in water making it use for human consumption, industrial water supply, irrigational water supply and for other use. By doing so sludge is produced in larger quantity which can cause pollution to the environment. This sludge can contain chemicals that can pollute the environment. This sludge needs to be treated before disposal. In order to remove the Suspended solids from the water the i.e., the sludge coagulants are used. These coagulants settled down with the sludge. These coagulants can again be used to treat domestic wastewater. There are lots of method in using the domestic wastewater. Using this sludge directly the wastewater can be treated. This paper mainly focuses the increase in efficiency of an existing water treatment plant on using the water treatment plant sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bangladesh has been facing high scarcity of groundwater due to its uncontrolled development to meet the ever-increasing demand for irrigation, industrial and water supply purposes. Barind Tract is one of the major agro-economic zones located in the north-western region of Bangladesh. However, the area is characterized by serious water shortages and occurrence of droughts. The scarcity of water in surface water bodies causes high dependency on groundwater resources in the area for the most of its agricultural, industrial and municipal water supply activities. Such over-exploitation of groundwater resource results in the sharp declination of the overall water table because the groundwater recharge rate is not as fast as the extraction rate. In order to address such issues, it is necessary to develop a groundwater management framework for the Barind Tract area. This can be achieved through identification of potential recharge sites that is to be used for aquifer recharge for the sustainable development of groundwater resources. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to identify the groundwater recharge potential zones for the conservation of groundwater resources in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. Geospatial technique such as the remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) is adopted in the current study for identifying the groundwater recharge potential zones in the Barind Tract. Rajshahi, Naogaon and Chapai Nawabganj are taken as the case study area for demonstration. Thematic layers of seven groundwater recharge influencing factors including slope, drainage density, lineament density, land use/land cover, soil type, geology, and rainfall are established in the GIS environment. The interactive influence diagram for different influencing factors is developed based on the multi-influencing factors (MIF) approach, which is used to calculate the weight of effect for each individual factor. The weight is then assigned to each individual thematic layer and its categories depending on each layer's importance to groundwater recharge potential. Finally, all the thematic layers are integrated to generate a groundwater recharge potential map using the weighting analysis in the ArcGIS platform. The groundwater recharge potential map is classified into four categories including poor, moderate, good and very good based on the combined score of all factors. It is found that 1505 km2 exhibit poor recharge potential, 2290 km2 have moderate recharge potential, 2682 km2 have good recharge potential and 1071 km2 exhibit a very good recharge potential of groundwater resources. The results also indicate that the most effective groundwater recharge potential zones are located in the areas of high lineament density, low drainage density, high rainfall distribution and gentle slope. Finally, it is found that only 24.4% of the total average annual rainfall (1480 mm) percolates into subsurface and ultimately contributes to recharge the groundwater resources. It is expected that the outcome of this study will be supportive to water managers and policy makers for the effective management of groundwater resources in the Barind Tract of Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water shortage has been a great issue in nowadays. Thus, the prediction of future water consumption situation in an area appears especially important. The water demand includes industrial water, agricultural water and domestic water. The paper take Tianjin, China as the study object to predict the Tianjin's water consumption in future 15 years. To get more accurate result, we use Grey Forecasting Model, to get the correlation degree between water consumption, domestic water consumption, industrial water consumption and agricultural water consumption, we successfully figure out the water demand in 2030 will be 2.47 billion cubic meters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - Water scarcity will further stress on available water systems and decrease the security of water in many areas. Therefore, innovative methods to minimize industrial water usage and waste production are of paramount importance in the process of extending fresh water resources and happen to be the main life support systems in many arid regions of the world. This paper demonstrates that there are good opportunities for many industries to save water and decrease waste water in softening process by substituting traditional with echo-friendly methods. The patented puffing method is an eco-efficient and viable technology for water saving and waste reduction in lime softening process. Design/methodology/approach - Lime softening process (LSP) is a very sensitive process to chemical reactions. In addition, optimal monitoring not only results in minimizing sludge that must be disposed of but also it reduces the operating costs of water conditioning. Weakness of the current (regular) control of LSP based on chemical analysis has been demonstrated experimentally and compared with the eco-efficient puffing method. Findings - This paper demonstrates that there is a good opportunity for many industries to save water and decrease waste water in softening process by substituting traditional method with puffing method, a patented eco-efficient technology. Originality/value - Details of the required innovative works to minimize industrial water usage and waste production are outlined in this paper. Employing the novel puffing method for monitoring of lime softening process results in saving a considerable amount of water while reducing chemical sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]