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The application of WBANs, or wireless body area networks, is a relatively new development to improve people's health in general. This technology facilitates monitoring patients' conditions both within and outside the confines of healthcare facilities, thereby enhancing their quality of life. One limitation of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is the constraint on battery life, affecting biosensors' energy availability. Additionally, various routing protocols are specifically intended to transmit the collected data to a central station for subsequent analysis, with potential variations depending on the network's design. This work proposed an algorithm that efficiently saves energy. The method is based on an adaptive compressed sensing algorithm. This algorithm utilizes a binary search approach to determine the smallest size for each data window piece, ensuring the reconstructed signal results from the Compressed. The outcomes demonstrate an increase in lifetime, Throughput, residual energy, and end-to-end latency for the WBAN employing the proposed approach. Where the lifetime of the system exhibited longevity beyond the 6400th round compared with the standard schemes observed network lifetime is 6000, this related to reduction of energy consumption from WBAN because of compression that effect on reduction of packet size send. From the results, this study demonstrates the superiority of the proposed methodology that can improve WBAN performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the essence of business risks, their types, the theoretical basis of assessing the impact of risks on business activity and their practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to evaluate and assess the surface roughness that is created by drilling AA8011 composite utilising carbide drill bits. The Components and Procedures: For the purpose of creating aluminium composites, stir-casting procedures were utilised to include a variety of boron nitride weight fractions into the AA8011 matrix. This action served as reinforcement. With the purpose of conducting an examination of the drilling procedure, four groups were chosen. There are three experimental groups: Group 1 is AA8011 with three percent BN, Group 2 is AA8011 with six percent BN, and Group 3 is AA8011 with nine percent BN. The control group is unreinforced as cast AA801 and does not include any reinforcement. Based on the pre-test power for testing, which was 80 percent, the probability value was 0.05 percent, and the confidence interval was 95 percent, three samples were taken into consideration for each of the groups. An 80 G-Power calculator was used to split a total of four specimens into two teams, each consisting of two individuals. To determine the appropriate number of samples for each group, the G power test was utilised. The outcomes of the research indicate that the surface roughness increases when ceramic reinforcements are added to the AA8011 matrix. This is due to the increased friction that occurs between the drill bit and the composite material. In the control group, the average surface roughness value is 3.596 microns. On the other hand, in the experimental group, the mean values are 5.592, 6.919, and 8.866 microns. The significance value for the experimental group is 0.000 (p<0.05). According to the findings of this research, the incorporation of boron nitride ceramic into the AA8011 matrix led to an increase in surface roughness throughout the machining process. This was observed to be the case as the concentration of ceramic reinforcement increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate the rate of material removal during the drilling of AA8011 composite using carbide drill bits. What We Need and How It Works: The AA8011 matrix was reinforced with boron nitride at varying weight percentages to produce aluminium composites using stir-casting techniques. The goal of selecting these four groups was to examine the drilling method. The AA8011 samples were divided into three groups, with 3% BN in Group 1, 6% BN in Group 2, and 9% BN in Group 3. The control group consisted of unreinforced AA8011 that had been cast unreinforced. Each group was evaluated using three samples, according to the following parameters: pre-test power for testing at 80%, probability value at 5%, and confidence interval at 95%. Two teams of two people each were formed using four specimens and an 80 G-Power calculator. The G power test was used to find the correct sample size for each group. Results show that the material removal rate rises with the addition of ceramic reinforcements to the AA8011 matrix. This is because, once reinforcements are added to the composite material, the drill bit experiences more friction. In contrast to the experimental group's mean values of 0.60133, 0.45667, and 0.36500 g/min for surface roughness, the control group's average value is 0.76633 g/min. Statistical significance is indicated by the fact that the experimental group's significance value is 0.000 (p<0.05). It was determined that the increased rate of material removal during machining was caused by the amount of boron nitride ceramic that was added to the AA8011 matrix. The parameters that were taken into account for the study dictated this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to establish a comparison and contrast between the process of drilling AA8011 composite using a carbide drill bit and other methods. Materials and Methods of Procedure: The stir casting technique was utilised in order to manufacture composites composed of aluminium. This was accomplished by incorporating different amounts of boron nitride into the AA8011 matrix. On the basis of the drilling method, the examination was broken down into four distinct groups. In the course of the studies, there were three groups that were utilised: Group 1 (AA8011 plus three percent BN), Group 2 (AA8011 plus six percent BN), and Group 3 (AA8011 plus nine percent BN). When it came to the control group, AA8011 was cast without any reinforcement. Three samples were taken into consideration for each group, with a pre-test power of eighty percent, a probability value of five percent, and a confidence interval of ninety-five percent. An 80 G-Power calculator was utilised in order to divide the four specimens into two distinct groups. Using the G power test, we determined the number of samples that would be collected from each group. Ceramic reinforcements in the AA8011 matrix have been shown to enhance the amount of friction that occurs between the drill bit and the composite material, according to research. Because of this, there has been an increase in the amount of study and investigation. With a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05), the mean values of the experimental group are 0.0235, 0.02933, and 0.035mm. In contrast, the mean value of the control group is 0.01767mm. Additionally, the significance value is 0.000. Based on the findings, it was determined that the incorporation of boron nitride ceramic into the AA8011 matrix resulted in an increase in the quantity of inspection and comparison performed throughout the machining process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conjugate gradient (CG) method is one of an iterative method used to solve large-scale unconstrained optimization problems. This method is said to be efficient because it has global convergence properties and requires low memory. In this work, we present the global convergence analysis of the Malik-Mustafa-Sabariah-Sulaiman-Sukono-the second (MMSSS2) method under exact line search. By using some conditions, MMSSS2 method satisfies the sufficient descent condition and is also proven to be globally convergent. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to compare the computational performance of the MMSSS2 method with the other method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a modified AMRI conjugate gradient (CG) technique based on exact line search. The novel approach is use for solving unconstrained optimization problems. The performance of the proposed algorithm based on number of iteration and CPU was recorded. Under some suitable conditions the convergence of the proposed method is discussed. Finally, new method was extended to estimate unemployment rate in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of different quantum dots (QDs) such as CdS, ZnO, ZnS, InP/ZnS, and Pervoskite QDs etc. on the electro-optical and morphological behavior of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) has been analyzed in this short review. The fabrication techniques of PDLCs of these composite systems and liquid crystal (LC) droplets behavior in polymer matrix along with transmission, contrast ratio, threshold and operating voltages etc. as well as mutuality of these parameters on overall performance of the PDLC film have also been examined. Further, the future prospective of QDs-PDLC for various applications has also been described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphological, electro-optical and UV-Visible spectroscopic analysis of pure cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) was carried out and reported herein. CLC mixture was prepared using 4 wt% R1011 (chiral dopant) having helical twisting power (HTP) of 37.6 μm−1 with nematic liquid crystal (LC). An empty cell was filled with this homogenous mixture using capillary method. The prepared CLC cell shows initial focal conic (FC) stable state and switched to a see-through vertical state under the applied voltage. However, the opaque FC state of the CLC cell also converted into a perfect planar (P) state without any visible oily streak with application of pressure. Again, this transparent P state switch to the FC state by applying voltage. The maximum and minimum transmittance, operating voltage and contrast ratio etc. have also been reported. The temperature dependence phase behavior study shows that there is a slight decrease in the isotropic temperature of LC due to doping of chiral molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deepfake technology presents significant challenges, blurring the lines between reality and illusion, with critical implications for human rights and regulatory frameworks. This paper seeks to research the complex multifaceted threats posed by deepfakes, including misinformation, the undermining of fundamental rights, and the potential for socio-political unrest. This analysis seeks to uncover the multifaceted threats that deepfake technology introduces, particularly its capacity to distort truth, manipulate public opinion, and infringe upon the dignity and privacy of individuals. The paper conducts a thorough review of existing academic literature, legal case studies, and documented incidents of deepfake misuse, aiming to evaluate how current legal frameworks across various jurisdictions are equipped to manage the rising tide of deepfake-related challenges. In doing so, it highlights significant gaps within these legal systems and the urgent need for a comprehensive, multi-stakeholder approach to develop more effective countermeasures. Central to the discussion is the imperative for policymakers, technology companies, and civil society to collaborate in crafting and implementing robust strategies that can mitigate the harmful impacts of deepfakes. This includes not only enhancing legal and regulatory measures but also fostering technological innovations that can detect and deter the creation and dissemination of deepfake content. Furthermore, the paper proposes a series of legal reforms and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening the existing framework. These suggestions are geared towards safeguarding the integrity of information and ensuring the protection of individual rights in the increasingly digital and interconnected world. By addressing the deepfake dilemma through a holistic and multifaceted approach, the paper underscores the importance of maintaining the delicate balance between technological advancement and the preservation of ethical standards and human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the mental health sector marks a significant advancement in healthcare delivery and patient management. This Idea of this paper is to explore the revolutionary potential of AI to transform mental healthcare practices, including diagnostic processes, personalized treatment approaches, and enhancing patient engagement through predictive analytics and virtual support systems. It investigates the transformative effects of AI on the accessibility, affordability, and quality of mental health care by leveraging vast datasets for insightful analysis and real-time decision-making. However, the incorporation of AI technologies within mental health services introduces complex ethical and regulatory challenges, particularly concerning aspects of patient privacy, data security, and the preservation of the doctor-patient relationship. Through a critical examination, this paper aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue about the ethical application of AI in mental health and to guide the development of responsible AI-driven interventions. The paper also assesses the existing legal frameworks to highlight potential gaps that exist in the burgeoning field of AI-enabled mental healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

. Sabine's equation formed that building materials used in an auditorium with a fixed volume greatly determine the acoustic quality. The material used in the auditorium can absorb or reflect sound; the greater the ability of the building material to absorb sound, the shorter the reverberation time that occurs in the room and vice versa. Likewise, the University of Sumatra Auditorium is used for various activities and is a multifunction auditorium. Several years ago, the Auditorium Building was renovated to improve the quality of the building and acoustics by replacing some of the old materials with new ones. It needs to find out the impact of using new materials on the acoustic quality of this auditorium. It is necessary to conduct a study that analyzes what materials are used in the auditorium space and measures their impact on reverberation time by using the primary instrument, such as a Condenser Mic, Sound Card, REW Software, as an application for measuring room responses and countering room modal resonances regarding ISO-3382 standard. This research shows that the primary materials used in the auditorium at the University of North Sumatra are made of gypsum board, granite tile, glass, carpet, and chairs, with thin foam covered with synthetic leather with a particular ratio to produce a reverberation time measurement above the ideal reverberation time required. This study also simulated material replacement with the Sabine approach to obtain the ideal reverberation time calculation to provide listeners with comfort and clarity of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The city corridor is a public space that anyone can use. Corridor MT Haryono is one of the corridors in Medan Kota District, Medan City, with a length of roughly 1 km, and it has yet to implement sustainable and resilient development. Corridors must be remodeled to address current and future issues related to adapting and transforming existing urban infrastructure to climate change, environmental damage, disasters, traffic, and other challenges. This research aims to determine the model design in the physical infrastructure to enhance the sustainability and resilience of the MT Haryono corridor. This study employs a qualitative approach. The authors study the five aspects of Urban Form in the research site and do the SWOT analysis. The result of the analysis will be the basis for creating a design to remodel the corridor based on a sustainable and resilient city concept. Hence, the authors recommend four approaches to remodeling the corridor with the sustainable and resilient approach, namely: (1) green infrastructure application through a perforated pipe and bioswale; (2) the application of green roof, green wall, and water harvesting system; (3) walkway improvement model; (4) public transportation infrastructure improvement. The authors believed the proposed model recommendations are sufficient to meet the current and future challenges of the area to create a sustainable and resilient urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In learning mathematics, the errors are often experienced by students are caused by mixing two learning materials that are close each other. This phenomenon is known as interference. One of the materials that are close each other is directly proportional and inversely proportional. At school, the materials of inversely proportional is given to students after the materials of directly proportional. The aim of this study is to study the interference in solving the problem of directly proportional and inversely proportional. The subjects in this research are 49 students of grade VII. This research method is descriptive qualitative. Previous research that discussed the occurrence of interference only focused on one type of interference. No one has discussed the two types of interference that occur at the one time. Therefore, this research discusses proactive and retroactive interference that occurs at one time. The result of this research indicates that there are students experience both proactive interference and retroactive interference at one time when students solve the problem of directly proportional and inversely proportional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detecting the promise of nuclear tracks automatically using image processing techniques is a very important issue for measuring the strength of alpha nuclear energies, and often overlapping occurs in these tracks, which leads to difficulty in counting these tracks. In this study, a new algorithm was proposed to detect the promise of nuclear CR 39 tracks in images captured by the optical microscope. The proposed algorithm is based on segmentation using Otsu's technique, and then using the Label technique. To increase the susceptibility and accuracy of detection, the CHT technique was used. To distinguish the overlapping tracks, by analyzing the results, the proposed method obtained a high accuracy in the automatic detection of alpha nuclear traces, as the accuracy values reached (detection rate = 0.9682, false alarm rate = 0.0318, which indicates the high accuracy between the manual counting and the Automatic values of alpha nuclear tracks in microscopic images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educators are working hard to adapt to new learning strategies to mitigate the epidemic's impact. Educators learn and adapt together as part of online teaching and learning. For the learning process to continue, teachers need to be more creative in online learning in the face of the pandemic. Learning at home through online learning may continue to satisfy students' learning goals to help them develop their abilities and interests as they advance through their educational levels. Using methodologies from the field of meta-analysis, the authors of this paper investigate and explain the implementation of various forms of online education throughout the pandemic, such as blended learning and e-learning. The aim is to see how online, blended, and e-learning affect learning outcomes. Based on research from many educational institutions, this study is limited to 2020 and 2021 in Indonesia during the pandemic. According to the value of effects of size 1.33, the utilization of online learning during times of pandemic substantially impacts the attainment of learning outcomes. Based on the ten papers evaluated, all studies showed a positive side effect, showing that online learning had a significant impact on motivation to learn during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer satisfaction is an essential measure that may be used to compare service performance obtained and expected by customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze lecturer satisfaction with an institution's performance using artificial intelligence approaches. The dataset was produced via observations and questionnaires distributed to instructors. The solution approach was data mining classification with the naive Bayes algorithm. In the analysis process, Rapidminer software is employed. Based on the results of the final test with the traits of Alertness (criterion 1), Empathy (criterion 2), Reliability (criterion 3), and Responsibility, the accuracy rate was 85.48 percent, with a Precision value of 81.08 percent and a Recall value of 93.75 percent (criterion 4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logical permutation in 3-Satisfiability Reverse Analysis Method (P3-SATRA) is a modernized logic mining with a better logical rule arrangement. The primary purpose of logic mining is to identify beneficial insight from a set of data through a logical rule. A significant element in developing logic mining models would be the arrangement of variables within the logical rule. The fundamental problems with logic the conventional logic mining approaches, 3-Satisfiability Reverse Analysis Method incorporated (3-SATRA) with Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) are a shortage of dependability and inadequacies in the structure of 3-Satisfiability-based logic. This problem can be tackled by introducing a specific finite rearrangement 3-Satisfiability logical rule. Therefore, this work explores the effect of logical rearrangement known as permutation in logic mining by comparing it with the standard logic mining approach. Various types of multivariate datasets are employed to validate the implications of logical permutations. As compared to the 3-SATRA logic mining, the experimental observations convey an evolution in the newly proposed logical permutation logic mining technique regarding accuracy, precision, and sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research consists of two main and complementary parts; in the case study of Al-Kut barrage. The first part was the monitoring of the barrage body using surveying devices by taking vertical and horizontal surveying observations and then comparing them with the observations of previous years taking from Al-Kut barrage department and determining the size of the deformation through the differences between the observations, and using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to create maps and charts that show the changes during the time. The second part, deals with the study of the data of the sediment quantities available at Al-Kut barrage department through previous studies and the analysis of its impact on the work and efficiency of the barrage gates, the flow of water passage, and the quantities of storage at the top of Al-Kut barrage. By calculating the differences and finding the displacement of points in the horizontal network of surveying observations from (2014 to 2021), it was found that the highest displacement in the horizontal network is (50 mm) for point (K10). The lowest displacement is (11 mm) for point (K19), while the rest of the displacements range between that. As for observations of the vertical network, the highest difference was found in the elevation is (11 mm) for point (K7), while the lowest difference in the level is (3 mm) for point (K25) and the rest of the differences are different in between. Through these results, it was found that the volumes of sediment accumulated upstream of Al-Kut barrage during the period increased in (2019) by (26%) compared to the volume of sediment accumulated during (2018). It was shown that the load of suspended sediments in the Tigris waters increased during (2019) compared to the load of suspended sediments in the river during (2018). Finally, the accumulation of sediment on river's left bank affected the gates' movements and exerted high pressure on the other gates, leading to operational problems in the origin of Al-Kut barrage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most effective cooling system to control the operating temperature of the battery pack over the last several years is a liquid cooling battery thermal management system (BTMS). This work has successfully designed and manufactured liquid cooling BTMS-integrated Li-ion battery module with 36 V 20 Ah capacity for electric vehicle applications. The module consists of two stacks of 18 V 20 Ah battery modules arranged by 20 Li-NMC cells in configurations of series-parallel combination. The cooling plates were on each stack side for side transfer through battery poles. The thermal behavior of the module has been monitored in various charging C-rates, i.e., 0.3 C, 0.5 C, and 0.8 C. The experimental result shows that the rise of the C-rate increases the temperature of batteries. The essential operation of the module shows how the overheating thermal problem causes battery malfunction. The module temperature reached over 60°C after 20 minutes which may cause an explosion and deterioration of the capacity. After activating the liquid cooling BTMS at a constant flow rate of 2 lpm, the module can operate safely at a charging C-rate of 0.8 C with a maximum temperature of 55°C. A consistent thermal behavior through a repetitive cycle is also demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is a worldwide phenomenon caused by irregular rainfall patterns and rising temperatures. Malaysia, such as in Bukit Merah, has experienced floods and droughts due to climate change. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the rainfall-runoff of Bukit Merah and determine the future drought in HEC-HMS simulation. The Hydrologic Engineering Centre – Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) is designed to simulate the rainfall-runoff of the basin. The study area's daily rainfall (mm) data were obtained from the Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) from 2010 to 2019. One rainfall streamflow station was the station was used in this study area. Previous data performed the different data from the hydrologic model of Bukit Merah for calibration and validation with the coefficient of R2 = 0.708 and 0.574, respectively. The model was used to simulate the drought for the next thirty years (2020 – 2050) using SDSM's forecasted rainfall data. The modelling predicts over 30 years the lowest peak discharge is 1.06 m3/s (01 Jan 2020; 00:00), 2.13 m3/s (18 Feb 2021; 00:00), 1.98 m3/s (24 Jan 2025; 00:00), 2.47 m3/s (12 Mar 2025; 00:00) and 2.94 m3/s (14 Feb 2049; 00:00). Therefore, the drought forecasting was done using the hydrologic model, HEC-HMS, as disaster prevention. The HEC-HMS will forecast the streamflow magnitude and date, allowing the government to plan ahead of time towards drought disaster. Also recommended is the continuous recording of rainfall and runoff data, recorded at intervals that correspond to one another in time. Install automatic recording stations for streamflow and rainfall at each river exit and ensure that these recording stations are kept in good working order at all times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a worldwide phenomenon that can cause many sudden changes, especially to water resources. Malaysia has experienced warming and rainfall abnormalities, especially in the last two decades, and therefore estimates of climate change in Malaysia receive a lot of attention. Global climate research is increasingly focused on severe temperature changes due to severe climatic phenomena like droughts and heat waves globally. This research aims to forecast maximum and minimum temperatures in Bukit Merah, Perak, for the years 2020-2050 and 2050-2080. This project predicted the magnitude of drought over the next 60 years, and the data collected is aid hydrologic modelling in the Bukit Merah, Perak. The findings analysed and addressed to estimate the future drought that may occur in the next 60 years. SDSM has been widely used for downscaling climate variables such as precipitation, rainfall, and temperature among statistical downscaling methods. Statistical downscaling provides local scale statistics, which is useful in climate change analysis. It involves the use of past weather data for a longer time to collect large-scale variables. Therefore, it was necessary to utilize the Root mean Square error (RSME) and the coefficient R2 to evaluate the performance of historical and simulated data from the model during the calibration and validation periods. The coefficient of determination (R2) during calibration and validation for maximum temperature were 0.89 and 0.67, while for minimum temperature, the value for calibration and validation is 0.83 and 0.85. Therefore, the drought forecasting is an early warning system that the most crucial stages for drought management that will arise in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we created a user-friendly website to connect both customers and employees for vehicle break down services we worked as a group. Suppose if a person traveling on the road and met with any vehicle break down or any repair to his vehicle, he/she should struggle to fix it, and also it takes a huge amount of time to fix if we don't have enough skill. Especially if this happens at the night times for girls, it is really hard to them to fix that issue and not secure for them at those times. For this we are provided a solution which is a user-friendly website which binds the customers who are in a problem and with the workers who are skilled on the vehicle repairing's. The website can be created by using flask or Django which provides interface and also model is trained and imported in the website itself by using following algorithm. Content based algorithm can be used to compare the ratings and reviews given by the customers, with which we can provide best worker, for the customer's, by his previous working experience. If we are at unknown location then we may not know about the employee whose skills are good then content based algorithm helps us to recommend best employee from given employees based on the location [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aimed to find out how the local merchants in the Borobudur temple use English to interact with foreign tourists. A qualitative study in the form of a case study was done in conducting the research. The data was collected through interviews with local merchants and field notes for the observation to strengthen the data. The interactive model constructed by Miles and Huberman (1994) was then used for analyzing the data qualitatively. The findings reveal that local merchants would use English when they meet foreign tourists, no matter where they are from. Furthermore, a template that consists of (1) greeting, (2) promoting, (3) negotiating, and (4) taking farewell is used by the local merchants as the interaction procedure for tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a MPPT based impedance source solar powered inverter is designed to convert solar power to an alternating supply. First a boost converter is built to transform variable input voltage to a fixed DC voltage of desired magnitude and then it is fed to the impedance source inverter. MPPT algorithm is used to track the maximum power while controlling the duty cycle of the boost converter. The integration of MPPT with impedance source converter (ZSI) is primarily motivated by its efficiency in power conversion and reliability, making it a favorable choice for various distributed generation power applications compared to voltage source inverters. In this paper, an analysis is conducted on a three-phase impedance source inverter using a straightforward boost control method. The analysis focuses on key aspects such as the boosted output voltage, total harmonic distortion (THD) of line current, voltage stress on switches, generation of shoot-through states, and converter gain. Simulation is carried out in MATLAB Simulink environment and the results are presented to verify the theoretical findings [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergency learning in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic is a teaching practice that was done by teachers in the world. In Indonesia, some teachers are unprepared by the sudden change of teaching practice in class. This study aims to know the teacher's perception on the impact of emergency online learning in high school biology classes. This study is a survey, focused on 9 teachers as the respondents sampled by convenience sampling. Data collection was done through a closed questionnaire and open questionnaire. The study result showed that biology teachers have a positive perception about the emergency online learning that was done in COVID-19 pandemic. The teachers believe that emergency online learning is effective to reach cognitive objective in learning process, it also can improve teacher's knowledge about technology in education. However, there are difficulties in doing emergency online learning such as the lack of internet services, difficult in managing class, and inequality of school's resources. Online learning can be used as an alternative to teach in emergency time, but it still has problems that need to be anticipated. To solve the problem, there should be support from all education stakeholders, and the teacher also should increase their competences in teaching with technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was carried out in one of the fields in the governorate of Al-Diwaniyah to investigate the effects of adding vermicompost, nano-phosphate fertilizer, and humic acid to the rhizosphere during the blossoming and full maturity stages of the maize plant on the kinetic measurements of the inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme in the rhizosphere (Zea mays L.). A Randomized Complete Block Design was used in the experiment (RCBD). The experiment's treatments included adding vermicompost fertilizer at a rate of 4 tons h−1, as well as humic acid at rates of 20 and 40 kg h−1, as well as adding nano-phosphate fertilizer at rates of 20 and 40 kg h−1, as well as the addition of nano-phosphate fertilizer at levels (5 and 10 kg h−1) and that symbolized by the symbols (N1 and N2) sequentially, as well as the comparison treatment (with no fertilizer), and the results of the experiment showed the following: The addition of vermicompost led to a decrease in the values of Michalis' constant for the Inorganic pyrophosphatase in the fully maturity stage, compared to the comparison treatment, which gave the highest mean of Michalis' constant, while the addition of humic acid at the level h2 achieved the highest maximum velocity in the flowering stage as it reached 197.7 µg PO4−3 -P g−1 soil 5h−1 compared to the control treatment, also the combination Vh1 recorded the lowest value of the Michaelis constant in the fully maturity stage that reaching 0.71 mol compared to the comparison treatment, which recorded the highest mean of the Michaelis constant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of adding vermicompost, nano-phosphate fertilizer and humic acid on the thermodynamic scales of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the rhizosphere in the flowering and full maturity stages in soil planted with maize plant (Zea mays L.) An experiment was carried out in one of the fields of Al-Diwaniyah governorate. the results of the experiment showed the following: The addition of humic acid at the H2 level led to a decrease in the temperature coefficient values for the alkaline phosphatase enzyme, as the lowest temperature coefficient was recorded, ranging between (1.042-1.032) and (1.012-1.009) in the two stages, also the addition of nano-phosphate fertilizer at the nP1 level recorded a significant decrease in the temperature coefficient (1.033-1.043) and (1.003-1.004) for alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the two stages, respectively, and the activation energy of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the flowering stage was decreased, which amounted to 7.49 kJ mol−1. As for the nP2 level, it significantly decreased the activation energy of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme, and it reached 0.30 kJ mol-1 in the fully mature stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was carried out inside in 2020-2021 season to study the effect of three fertilizer usage on plant growth and yield of chili peppers under plastic tunnel conditions. The treatments included as soil fertilizer application with Bio-health with three treatments (seed pollination, dipping seedlings, and soil injection with Bio-health), as a foliar fertilizer with Nano-iron (0, 0.75, 1.5 gm. L−1) and chelated iron (0, 5, 10 gm. L−1). Three levels of both Nano and chelated iron, The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that: The treatment of nano scale iron (1.5 g. L−1) was significantly higher by giving the highest averages of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, iron, zinc and manganese elements absorbed by plant leaves, which amounted to (3.13% '0.40%, 2.3%, 110.31 g. kg−1, 15.02 g. kg−1, 51.38 g. kg−1) respectively, while the treatment of chelated iron (10 g. L−1) was significantly superior and gave the highest averages for the above elements as (2.95%, 0.38%, 2.09%, 94.86 g. kg−1). 13.55 g. kg−1, 45.60 g. kg−1) respectively, and the treatment of biological fertilizer (injection into the soil) significantly outperformed its administration with the highest averages reaching (2.92%, 0.39%, 2.15%, 96.64 g. kg−1, 13.86 g. kg−1, 47.10 g. kg−1) respectively. The present study revealed that there was variability among the used fertilizers, showing that it could be used for further improvement in growth and yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is a strategic product that is vital to the food security of Indonesia. This is because rice is the primary food consumed daily by the majority of Indonesians. The fact that rice consumption accounts for 20.03 percent and 24.06 percent, respectively, of the urban and rural poverty lines demonstrates how dependent the Indonesian population is on this staple. This study aims to determine how trade and transportation margins for rice commodities in Indonesia vary by province. Trade and Transportation Margin is the difference between total sales value and total purchases value. Clustering Margin of Rice Commodity Trade and Transport is calculated using official data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for 2018-2020. The unsupervised learning technique with K-means as the algorithm is utilized to classify objects in each province. The findings of the study indicated that the K-means approach may be utilized to map the Trade and Transport of Rice Commodities by Province in Indonesia. The presence of nine provinces in the top cluster indicates that this province would generate a profit between 2018 and 2020. The value of the three suggested clusters was -1.026.1 We may conclude based on the DBI value that cluster 7 is the best in this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the research work is to find out the significant role of Data Security Technology in healthcare sector for ensuring the confidentiality of the patient information and enhancing the competency. Positivism is the appropriate philosophy that the researcher has used in conducting this research. Moreover, the inductive research approach and the exploratory research design is maintained throughout the research. For collecting the Data, in this research, the researcher has focused on the secondary data collection and the qualitative analysis of those data is performed. This Data Security related research mainly focuses on finding out different types of cyber security threats and issues the healthcare sector mainly faces. Moreover, finding out the competencies of Data Security protocol and designing a completely new framework for enhancing the Data Security of the patients is an important goal of this research. This research has found out the issues that are magnificent in healthcare sector, as well as it has focused on analysing the theory of data security vulnerabilities in order to find out the framework. The research concludes that the data security issues within the hospital mainly regarding patient details and financial data are getting increased day by day. The most suitable approach for this issue resolving is the usage of Blockchain Technology in Data Security. Moreover, the research focuses on enhancing the knowledge related to the Data Security, Viruses, different types of Cyber Attacks as well as security vulnerabilities. Furthermore, it also focuses on enhancing the knowledge about Artificial Intelligence based Data Security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world, being the easy availability of the internet, almost everyone is connected. Every individual for their daily news relies on online resources, which greatly impacts their quality of life. The development of social media platforms has grown tremendously. However, many of these platforms are spreading fake news that pauses serious concern. It leads to a decrease in income for individuals or companies. Some people often create fake news for gaining fame, for election purposes, and for creating hatred towards other companies to reduce their revenue. All these can have negative consequences on society. Just by the use of a single click, many people forward appealing headlines, photos, etc. to gain the attention of an individual, without even checking whether it is fake or not. It is hard-core truth that many false websites give false news and checking their authenticity is really a challenge. This paper presents a comparative analysis of methods for the user to check the news whether that's real or fake by providing accuracy and recall using machine learning. The models used are naïve Bayes (NB), decision tree classifier (DT), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (LR) for analysis to detect fake news. The result shows that the DT classifier achieved 99.56% accuracy as compared to RF (99.35%), LR (98.91%), and NB (94.89%). The recall also shows better results for DT and RF than LR and NB. Lastly, it discusses some of the security threats and challenges faced while detecting fake news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solar drying process creates a mild drying condition which might be suitable for oil palm wood. The drying process of a particular wood is also affected by its intrinsic factors, such as age and sampling position within the trunk. A study on solar drying of oil palm wood from various ages and sampling positions in standing trees has not been carried out elsewhere This study was then carried out to investigate the solar drying performance and post-drying qualities of old oil palm wood from different sampling positions. The main materials used were 25-and 32-year-oil palm wood sampled from vertical (from the bottom to the top parts of the trunk) and horizontal positions (along the transversal surface of the trunk, i.e., the inner and outer zones) in the trunk. All samples were prepared as tangential sawn boards, sizing 25 mm (thickness) x 100 mm (width) x 1400 mm (length). The drying process was run in a solar dryer until each board reached a moisture content of 10-11%. Drying rate, time, shrinkage and several post-drying defects were then evaluated. The results show that the stand age and the vertical sampling position (along the trunk length) significantly affected the drying rate, the drying period, and the post-drying shrinkage. The horizontal sampling position (along the transversal surface of the trunk) also significantly affected the post- drying shrinkage. On average, the 25-year-old oil palm wood had the fastest drying rate (approximately-0.06%/hour) and the shortest drying period (approximately 232 hours). As the stand age increased, the tendency to develop external checks decreased, but the depth of all the distortion defects and the tendency to collapse increased. The inner-zone samples shrank more than the outer-zone samples and were more prone to develop an external check, bowing, cupping, and collapse than the outer-zone samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil-palm wood could potentially substitute conventional wood as wooden houses. However, the wood possessed inferior physical (low density, unstable dimension), and mechanical (low compression strength parallel to grains and perpendicular to grains) properties. The research aimed to investigate the properties of 25-and 32-year-old oil palm wood that have been impregnated with the oil-palm-bark-extract-based bio-impregnant. The bio-impregnant used was a mixture of liquid oil-palm bark extracts (obtained from the 32-year-old oil-palm trees), resin, and formaldehyde with a composition of 40:1:4. Approximately 5% tapioca's starch flour was further added as filler. Vacuum-pressure and hot immersion treatments were used to impregnate the impregnant solution into the wooden structure. Physical and mechanical properties of the wood were tested according to BS 373 and ASTM D143, while the drying properties test followed Terazawa Method. All samples for the analysis were taken from the outer part of the stem's base. Of all treatments performed and compared to the control, the 32-year-old wood that had been vacuum-pressured gave the best result. It had average density range of 0.45 g/cm3-0.65 g/cm3; average compression strength parallel to grain value range of 79 kg/cm2-231 kg/cm2; average compression strength perpendicular to grain value range of 75 kg/cm2-148 kg/cm2; and average post-12-month-storage moisture content value of 10.3%. The drying properties of control oil-palm wood (without impregnation) from both ages were very poor. Meanwhile, the properties of corresponding wood impregnated with the vacuum-pressure method were classified as low to rather low and fair to quite good quality for 25 and 32 years consecutively. Based on the wood drying properties test results, the 32 year old oil-palm wood being impregnated by using vacuum pressure also gave the mildest drying schedule with the drying temperature range of 50-75/80oC and humidity range of 83% to 12%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, pneumatic transport, one of the devices performing the main tasks in the sequence of technological processes in cotton ginning enterprises, is studied, and the performance and main indicators of the equipment in the pneumatic transport system are given. Also, the productivity of the cotton transportation process in the pneumatic transport device, the transportation time, the share of cotton raw material in the internal volume of the air pipe during transportation, and the processes in the pneumatic transportation system were analyzed based on theoretical and practical experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the traditional drying process, the drying intensity of layer drying of cotton raw materials under the influence of infrared radiation is higher, so the question of comparative analysis of the effect on fiber quality indicators arose. Therefore, a comparative test of drying methods S-6524, Porloq-2, and Andijan-36 selection grade, industrial grade I and II, with a moisture content of 10.5% and 12.4%, respectively, was carried out at the Beshbola cotton refinery in Fergana city and the laboratory stand under the influence of infrared radiation based on functional ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layer dryers have not received wide practical application due to the unsatisfactory operation of transport devices and the uneven drying of cotton over the thickness of the layer due to the use of high temperatures. These issues are solved with the application of drying under the influence of infrared radiation on the basis of functional ceramics. However, at the same time, the issue of providing the necessary thickness of raw cotton during layer-by-layer drying remains unresolved. The article obtained formulas for calculating the main parameters of an infrared dryer, developed patterns for drying raw cotton, established relationships showing the processes of heat transfer between radiation and raw materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research dealt with cultural pollution and its impact on the entrepreneurial behavior of a sample of teachers from the Islamic University of Najaf, the cultural pollution variable includes four dimensions represented by (values pollution, beliefs pollution, customs pollution, ideologies pollution), while the entrepreneurial behavior variable is a one-dimensional variable. This research relied on the analytical approach to the data collected from the opinions of a sample consisting of (106) teachers at the Islamic University of Najaf, as it includes thirteen colleges, namely (Quranic and Linguistic Studies, English Language, Islamic Education, Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Medical Laboratory Techniques, Radiology Techniques, Computer Engineering Technology, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technology, Building and Construction Engineering Technology, Journalism, Law, Dentistry, Pharmacy). The number of teachers in the college is (233) teachers, and after distributing, receiving and examining the forms, it was found that (106) forms are valid for testing and analysis. The research hypotheses were tested using the simple correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and a number of other appropriate statistical tools to achieve the objectives of the current research using a program (SPSS.v.24), The applied results of the research proved the validity of the hypotheses that were proposed, on the basis of which the researchers concluded a number of results, the most prominent of which is the influence of culture on entrepreneurial behavior. This indicates that different and conflicting values, standards, and ideologies can limit innovation, modernity, and progress. The faculty members' perceptions and awareness also indicated that the workplace is often marred by manifestations of cultural pollution that are embodied in a group of influential actions that contradict their values and behaviors. Therefore, this influence extends to their values, beliefs, ideas, and even their appearance, and this may be one of the reasons behind not practicing entrepreneurial behavior. In light of the results, the researchers formulated a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which are The research sample colleges seek to develop the pioneering behavior of the teachers by assigning the creative individual tasks that raise the motives of challenge to reveal new ideas and address current problems to find effective solutions to eliminate cultural pollution In addition to holding training courses for managers that emphasize staying away from contaminated ideas and values that would harm the ideas, beliefs and behaviors of individuals and thus reflect negatively on the goals of the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gearboxes are used in vast applications such as refineries gear-trains, automobiles and wind energy equipment. The gearboxes reliability is still real challenge due to various manufacturing and operational factors. The failure of gearboxes key components, gears and bearings, are associated with various parameters caused by different loading and environmental conditions lead to premature failure before the expected service design life. The design of gearboxes key components is associated with various considerations such as misalignment, transient load and high-stress concentrations. Gear teeth high surfaces contact stress is the main cause of gearboxes gears failure. In this study, gear surface and subsurface contact stress, Von-Mises stress is evaluated during gearbox normal operation condition. Two approaches are used to calculate gear surface contact stress, AGAM equation and finite element method (FEM). The finding of this work is spot the light on diagnose and predict the cause premature failure of gears induced by surface and surface stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was conducted in 2022 to find out the effect of the amount of fertilizers Spent Mushroom compost (COM) added to the soil in different ratios COM0, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4,(0,1.5,2,2.5,3) kg.m2 respectively under three levels of dripping drainage 2, 3, and 4 L.hr−1 on the soil properties, represented by the density and total porosity of the soil and the okra plant characteristics Lahlouba Cultivar As well as studied the chemical characteristics of some major elements in plant leaves.The experiments were conducted by adopting the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), L.S.D 0.05 according to the program Genestat in three replications. The results indicated that the COM4 treatment achieved the best results and was much better than the other treatments in soil properties: soil bulk density (SBD) and total soil porosity (TSP), as well as achieved the best results and was much better than the other treatments significantly in yield characteristics, plant height (PH), plant dry weight (PDW), Pods number for the growing season (PNGS), water use efficiency (WUE), one plant yield (OPY) and proportion of nutrients in plant leaves N, P and K. While dripping discharge 4L.hr−1significantly outperformed to the other two levels of 2 and 3 L.hr−1 in all studied characteristics, except water use efficiency (WUE) which achieved the best results when discharging 2L.hr−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the decreasing number of students' interest in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) field in Malaysia, educators need to instill students of STEM education in teaching and learning to face the IR 4.0 revolution. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent curriculum change may challenge educators in implementing STEM (Mathematics). Thus, blended learning is relevant in maintaining the maximum students' higher thinking skills by integrating the STEM-Mathematics criteria in teaching and learning. Proper selection of STEM (Mathematics) criteria can ensure high-impact achievement and the fulfilment of the Ministry of Education's aspirations. This study proposes the STEM criteria needed in Mathematics subjects via the fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This study aims to evaluate the STEM (Mathematics) criteria weight for identifying the appropriate STEM (Mathematics) criteria needed in blended learning. First, the potential of STEM (Mathematics) criteria and the standard curriculum for secondary school were identified by the literature review and evaluated by distributing questionnaires to 31 expert mathematics educators. Then, fuzzy AHP is utilised to illustrate the proposed approach. The results depicted the ranking order of the STEM (Mathematics) criteria using linguistic scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Formula One (F1) circuit typically consists of 14 to 18 turns. The speed of the F1 car changes during the accelerating, decelerating, cornering, and braking according to the layout and condition of the circuit. The changes of pace and horizontal forces involved, especially in the cornering area, would impact the performance of racetrack pavement. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effect of the cornering maneuver on stress and strain distributions at the surfacing and the bonding between the surfacing and the layer underneath at different speeds and cornering radius. The Mechanistic-Empirical Design approach was implemented in this study, and BISAR 3.0 software was used to calculate the distribution of stresses and strains within the racetrack pavement structure. Then, the Nottingham Design Method was used in the thickness design by considering the effect of the cornering maneuver. The results indicate that the compressive strain at the surfacing decreases as the speed increases. When the bond between the surfacing and layer underneath increases, the shear stress increases too. The lowest speed with a tighter cornering radius shows higher horizontal forces, thus indicating the racetrackpressureent's most elevated stress and strain distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]