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: Herein, Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI - multiwalled functionalized carbon nanotube (PANI-FNCNT) thin films were formed using a simple, cost-effective chemical polymerization process at ambient temperature. H2SO4 and HNO3 were previously used to functionalize the multiwalled carbon nanotube. For supercapacitor performance, a comparison study was conducted between PANI and PANI-FNCNT composite. Raman measurements demonstrated that FNCNT and PANI-FNCNT nanocomposite formation. The composite film's surface structure is porous, interconnected, and contains nanofibers, as seen by the FESEM pictures. The PANI-FNCNT electrode has the highest specific capacitance at pulse duration of 5mVs−1, measuring 766.85 Fg−1. The electrode impedance of PANI and PANI-FNCNT composites was also investigated, indicating that the PANI-FNCNT combination provides a good resource for storing energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic channels are used in the extraction system of superconducting cyclotrons for focusing and extracting the high energy beam. In order to preserve the beam quality, the field gradient produced by the channels should be constant. We have evolved a procedure based on the linear programming technique for optimizing the geometry of magnetic channels. With this, we have reduced the deviation in the field gradient not only in the median plane but through the beam aperture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have proposed a double drift bunching scheme where one can obtain a bunching effect equal to that of a sixharmonic buncher by using only two harmonics mixed in optimum proportions. In this case one has to apply voltages with frequencies ω and 2 ω (instead of only ω) on the first buncher and 2ω on the second buncher. The optimization of buncher parameters such as the voltage amplitudes of the various harmonics and the separation between the two bunchers has been carded out using linear programming technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]