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We present a theoretical investigation of the structural and optical properties of AlxIn1-xSb semiconducting alloys in zink-blende structure based on the empirical pseudopotential method within the virtual crystal approximation combined with the Harrison bond-orbital model. The Elastic Constant, bulk modulus, refractive index, high frequency dielectric constant, static dielectric constant is calculated for AlxIn1-xSb. Our results for AlxIn1-xSb (0

Precise estimation of leaf chlorophyll concentration (LChl) in the field using a portable chlorophyll meter (PCM) is essential to measure the total chlorophyll concentration and spatiotemporal variability of the plant's nitrogen status using remote sensing. Conventional methods of detecting photosynthetic pigments entail lengthy solvent extraction operations followed by spectrophotometric analysis. Due to the speed and simplicity of the measurements, portable plant equipment such as Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) meter can facilitate this process. The correlation between the SPAD-502 chlorophyll reading and pigment content in numerous important plant species and can assist in plant production management. We performed two tests in this paper, in the first test (3monocot and 3dicot) plant species collected from the university campus and in the second test (3 greenhouse and sample plant grown in outdoor condition) collected from the greenhouse and outdoor condition. There was a higher linear association between average chlorophyll concentrations studied in greenhouse species compare to the open field condition plants. In the second trial higher relationship was observed in monocot plant species in comparison to the other three groups of dicot plant species. SPAD chlorophyll meter is an efficient device to measure chlorophyll and other pigments instantly and precisely, to maintain the proper health of plants. Throughout the cropping season, chlorophyll meter are used to control fertilizer N to maintain a threshold leaf chlorophyll level. By lowering fertilizer N rates, chlorophyll meters can improve fertilizer N use efficiency to increase the crop yield for the farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, we developed an inventory model for the progress of any business organization. The important task of the account managers is determining an inventory optimization policy. We focus on an inventory optimization approach to support business organizations. We observe an available deteriorating items inventory model in which the demand rate is constant holding cost is time-dependent. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. Also validate the developed model by a numerical example and discussed the sensitivity analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental flow is the mitigation strategy proposed to overcome the environmental impact due to the construction, and operation of the hydropower project. Maintaining the environmental flow is one thing to worry but the conflict between the perception towards the maintenance of the environmental flow among the administer and locale differs at two extremes. In 2017, National Green Tribunal has passed the order to maintain 15 % of the average lean season flow as the environmental flow in the downstream side of the dam. The amount of water to be maintained also differs from project to project. Hence a proposal of device that typically assesses the environmental flow needed based on the hydrological, habitat, and hydraulic data fed into. This research work proposes an instrument that evaluates the environmental flow requirement and alerts the stakeholders in case of any failure in maintaining the environmental flow in the downstream side of the dam. A sensor is attached to it that monitors the maintenance of the environmental flow, failure in maintenance will alert the river authorities. Additionally, the environmental flow calculated will be displayed in the government offices where it is visible to the public on a daily basis. This helps in creating awareness among the locales, farmers, and other stakeholders to know the importance of the environmental flow. This also helps in creating transparency between the dam administrators and the locales about both the extreme level of impact due to the hydropower project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have synthesized the Cerium oxide Nanoparticles (Ceria NPs) by Co precipitation (CPT) method using Cerium tri -nitrate hexahydrate and also potassium carbonate solutions. Then synthesized precipitate was heated at 70˚C for 20 hour. Slow grinding of the precipitate and calcined for 3 hours at different temperatures viz. 700° C, 850° C to form fine Cerium oxide powder-Ceria NPs. The characterization of Ceria NPs calcined at temperatures viz 700° C, 850° C have been done through X-ray diffraction and Raman Analysis. EDS, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), The X-Ray diffraction pattern shows the nature of the Ceria NPs crystal, with a cubic structure and lattice parameters 5.392 Å for samples calcined at temperature of 700° C and 5.357 Å at 850° C which shows decreasing trend in lattice parameter with calcination temperature. The intensity of Raman peaks is shifted upwards with a rise in temperature. This intensity difference could be because of the rise in vibrational amplitudes of the closest neighboring bonds because of the increase in particle size 11.3 ± 1.0 to 15.6 ± 1.0 nm calcination temperatures at 700° C and 850° C and therefore the Raman peak of peak I, 461 cm−1& peak II, 463 cm−1 respectively. Other peaks were not observed in this Raman pattern. The EDS analysis confirms the presence of the Ce and O atoms in the synthesized samples. The morphology and microstructures were studied using SEM analysis. Spherical shapes and homogeneously distributed Ceria NPs and a rather tendency for agglomeration were confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of Cerium doping on cobalt-ferrites has been synthesized by the solid state reaction method. The sintered samples of CoCexFe2-xO4 (x = 0.05 and 0.10) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer. The XRD spectra shows the cubic spinal structure (space group Fd3m). The lattice parameter decreased with increasing Ce concentration. Increasing amount of Cerium causes little change in the magnetic parameters namely saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report successfully single crystal growth of Nb0.25Bi2Se3 by self-flux method via vacuum encapsulation process in simple automated furnace. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern on as grown crystal flake result shows the crystal growth is in (00l) plane direction i.e. c-orientation only. Powder XRD (PXRD) pattern followed by Rietveld refinement of crushed crystal, confirms the phase purity of the studied sample that shows the sample growth in single phase only which having R-3m space group of rhombohedral crystalline structure. Detailed microstructure analysis i.e. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image shows the morphology study of as grown single crystal that resultant is in layered type laminar structure. Further Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurement confirms their elemental analysis into their stoichiometry ratio i.e. nearer to Nb0.25Bi2Se3. Here we report the crystal growth process followed by structural and morphology analysis of topological superconductor i.e. Nb0.25Bi2Se3 single crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optical, vibrational, structural and elasto-optic properties of quaternary II-VI alloys Zn0.25Cd0.75S0.25Se0.75, Zn0.25Cd0.75S0.50Se0.50 and Zn0.25Cd0.75S0.75Se0.25 are presented. Within the empirical pseudopotential method (EPM) the disorder effects are modeled via modified virtual crystal approximation (MVCA). The computed bandgaps and the refined form factors are utilized to evaluate optical, vibrational, structural and elasto-optic properties. The refractive index (n), static (ε∝) and high frequency dielectric (ε∝) constants are calculated to reveal optical behavior of alloys. The longitudinal ωTO(0) and transverse ωTO(0) optical frequencies are obtained to see vibrational characteristics. Moreover, the elastic constants (cij) and bulk moduli (B) are computed by combining the EPM with Harrison bond orbital model. The elasto-optic nature of alloys is examined by computing the photo-elastic constants. These values are significant with regard to the opto-electronic applications especially when no experimental data are available on this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the presence of incomplete fusion at low energies i.e. 4-7MeV/nucleon & also to study its dependence on various entrance-channel parameters, the two type of measurements (i) excitation function for 12C+159Tb, and (ii) forward recoil ranges for 12C+159Tb systems have been performed. The experimentally measured excitation functions have been analyzed within the framework of compound nucleus decay using statistical model code PACE4. Analysis of data suggests the production of xn/pxn-channels via complete fusion, as these are found to be well reproduced by PACE4 predictions, while, a significant enhancement in the excitation functions of a-emitting channels has been observed over the theoretical ones, which has been attributed due to the incomplete fusion processes. Further, the incomplete fusion events observed in case of forward recoil range measurements have been explained on the basis of the breakup fusion model, where these events may be attributed to the fusion of 8Be and/or 4He from 12C projectile to the target nucleus. In the present work, the SUMRULE model calculations are found to highly underestimate the observed incomplete fusion cross-sections which indicate that the ℓ-values lower than ℓcrit (limit of complete fusion) significantly contribute to the incomplete fusion reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, the in-complete fusion probability has been deduced for 12C+159Tb and 13C+159Tb systems in the energy range ≈ 4-7 MeV/nucleon. The activation technique followed by off-line γ-rays spectroscopy has been used. The results have been compared with the predictions of statistical model code PACE4, which is based on the compound nucleus decay. The ratio of the sum of cross-sections of all measured xn, pxn channels to their corresponding PACE4 predictions are found to be lying close to unity throughout the studied energy range for both the systems, indicating their population via fusion evaporation channels followed by CF processes only. However, the ratio of the sum of cross-sections of all experimentally measured xn, pxn and αxn-channels to their corresponding PACE4 calculations, display significant enhancement over the unity line, indicating the onset and presence of in-complete fusion processes at these energies. The comparison of experimentally measured and systematically deduced in-complete fusion fractions for both the systems reveals a strong projectile structure effect. The probability of in-complete fusion is found to be higher for 12C induced reaction than for one-neutron rich 13C induced reactions on the same target 159Tb. An attempt has been made to study the ICF probability within the frame work of the α-Q-value of the projectiles. Analysis of the data indicates that the α-Q-value of the projectile is an important entrance channel parameter and seems to dictate the probability of ICF at these low energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our recent study of the isotope shifts of Kr isotopes near rp-process path in the framework of the RMF theory, we have found that due to large shell gaps in the deformed space, several N = Z nuclei exhibit the double magicity of protons and neutrons. These nuclei are known to contribute to large abundances in the rp-process nucleosynthesis and have been shown to be the waiting-point nuclei. In another study of the shell effects at N = 126 near the neutron drip line, we have found that nuclei exhibit additional stability beyond the neutron drip line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly luminescent and monochromatic ZnS/CdS core/shell quantum dots were synthesized successfully via chemical route for application in blue & UV spectral range. We tried to explore use of inverted core-shell structure employing wide band gap core & narrow band gap shell. In this work the lower band gap shell was expected to serve the dual purpose of passivation of surface states while simultaneously working as a color filter for emitted radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present here CORSIKA-based simulation results with the principal aim of examining the feasibility of operating a MACE-like large-aperture Cerenkov telescope in the near UV-region (λ ∼ 220 – 300nm). Among other things, this unconventional mode of operation will help to use such a telescope under moonlit conditions, leading to a significantly larger operational duty-cycle at low γ-ray threshold energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the presence of incomplete fusion at low energies i.e. 4-7MeV/nucleon & also to study its dependence on various entrance-channel parameters, the two type of measurements (i) excitation function for 12C+159Tb, and (ii) forward recoil ranges for 12C+159Tb systems have been performed. The experimentally measured excitation functions have been analyzed within the framework of compound nucleus decay using statistical model code PACE4. Analysis of data suggests the production of xn/pxn-channels via complete fusion, as these are found to be well reproduced by PACE4 predictions, while, a significant enhancement in the excitation functions of a-emitting channels has been observed over the theoretical ones, which has been attributed due to the incomplete fusion processes. Further, the incomplete fusion events observed in case of forward recoil range measurements have been explained on the basis of the breakup fusion model, where these events may be attributed to the fusion of 8Be and/or 4He from 12C projectile to the target nucleus. In the present work, the SUMRULE model calculations are found to highly underestimate the observed incomplete fusion cross-sections which indicate that the ℓ-values lower than ℓcrit (limit of complete fusion) significantly contribute to the incomplete fusion reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]