Search

Research on sustainable energy is assisted by a variety of structural and functional materials that have advanced during the past ten years. Functional materials are very effective in the physical processes, whereas structural materials provide the functionality of load support. With the innovative development in the material's electrical, magnetic, optical, or chemical capabilities, multifunctional structures and gadgets are used in a wide variety of applications. Graphene (2D material) to create nanocomposite materials is mostly used functional material, to improve the conductivity and reproducibility of the cathode material. Structural materials are having their limitations hence dense anode materials are used to avoiding such issues like converting, alloy and dealloying process. Ionic liquids for electrochemical energy storages are still under research, although the Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are providing a considerable level of power storage and power potential. This chapter examines the role and technology of nanomaterials from its inception to prospective developments in the future for sustainable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to depletion in raw material quality, blast furnace (BF) aerodynamics, hence the permeability uses to be disturbed in BF#8, Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP). Deviation in middle zone permeability of BF#8 suggested the deviation in cohesive zone shape and position. For better understanding and monitoring of the lower zone permeability of BF#8, BSP, two models were developed. The models were Cohesive Zone (CZ) shape and position prediction model and online presentation of Dead-man clinginess Index (DCI). Use of CZ model is helping in assessment of type of cohesive zone shape through which burden distributions as well as blast parameters arebeing regulated. Hearth cleanliness condition is monitored through online DCI model. Use of DCI is helping in devising the optimum casting strategy for proper drainage of liquid products and also to maintain healthy and active hearth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to accommodate the country's growing population, the number of apartment complexes has increased dramatically. Most new apartment complexes include a variety of modern amenities such as a supermarket, a medical centre, EV charging stations, vending machines, and many more. To use these amenities, we normally need to have a credit or debit card, or even cash on hand. Also, there are numerous identity and government cards that a person must carry with them at all times. Keeping track of all these cards can prove to be quite tedious and time-consuming. Furthermore, the majority of these apartments feature the standard lock and key method of unlocking the doors of the residing occupants which adds to the load of carrying about house keys along with all of the other cards. Life would be so much easier if we could replace all of these numerous bank cards with just one. Using a single card to access all services, such as EV charging or purchasing items, and even as your home door key. With the tap and go feature, the user does not have to pay at the same time but can make a payment all at once when the statement arrives at the end of the month, saving both time and keeping track of all transactions with ease. Hence, we propose in this paper a smart card that uses RFID technology to access all of the many amenities in apartment complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposed model has a face recognized management vote system in the sense that voter can enter the name and take images is done before the vote is verified and accepted in the main database of Election Commission of India. The main feature of this model is there is no mis voting and the candidate will aware of his/her vote is polled to which party. By using this model the user can vote anywhere from the allocated constituent voting booths and it is not necessary to travel from one place to another for casting their votes. In this proposed work the calculation of votes is done fast manner and it is helpful for the Election Commission to conduct election in short time period with less human force. This system designed as a software application for specifically done for Election Commission which conducts Election for the citizens of India who are all above 18 years to conduct voting through online. By using this proposed model the citizens can vote by face recognition without visiting the voting booth. A complete database is maintained by the Election commission of India which has all the details of face, fingerprint and unique id if the user information matches these things he\she will be able to cast the vote. Main advantage of our proposed system is to increase the percentage of vote polling, time saving for conducting elections, awareness about voting and preventing false voting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural fiber- reinforced composites are currently being researched for their selection and use in the industries spanning aerospace, automotive, ground transportation, and several other high- performance-critical end products. Two of the key reasons in favor for the selection and use of natural fibers are, their biodegradability coupled with an overall ease of availability that makes the production of engineered composites not only cost effective but also economically viable. However, the selection and use of natural fibers/matrix is curtailed primarily because of three competing drawbacks, namely (i) high moisture absorption, (ii) inferior mechanical properties, and (iii) poor interfacial bonding strength between fiber and matrix, when compared one-on-one with the synthetic fibers/matrix. Due to these reasons, natural fibers are often used in combination with synthetic fibers for engineering composites, so as to achieve a material that offers the possibility of improved performance at the desired level. In this research study, composite laminates with novolac resin and sisal/coir/E-glass fiber reinforcement (60:40) were fabricated using the hand lay-up method. The fabricated composite laminates were characterized for macromechanical properties, namely, tensile strength and water absorption test was conducted to explore the moisture absorption characteristics of composite laminates. Test results revealed the composite laminates with natural fibers/resins to possess many attributes in favor of their selection and use in structural components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is a tropical country with vast climatic zones varying from region to region, and from a fast few years, the rate of urbanization also increased. The requirement of thermal comfort in buildings is one of the primary needs in residential buildings in the present scenario. The roof is one of the most critical parts of the building envelopes, and maximum heat gain entered through it. This paper presents the systematic review of cool roofs and its energy-saving opportunities in Indian residential buildings for different climatic zones, identifying the present scenario of cool roof technology in India. The majority of the research work performed in India's composite climate, so more research work based on the cool roofs strategies need to be performed in other climates. The energy-saving achieved using cool roofs vary from 8.4 to 30.4%, and indoor temperature varied from 2.0 to 7.0°C for different climatic zones of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurements of excitation function (EF) for the evaporation residues populated via complete and incomplete fusion in interaction of projectile 16O with target 146Nd have been done. Stack foil activation technique has been employed for these measurements. The measured excitation functions of the four ERs 158Er (4n), 157Er(5n), 155Dy(α3n) and 153Dy(α5n) has been compared with statistical model code PACE-4. The present measurements show that the experimental excitation functions for xn-emission channels follow the PACE-4 predictions to a great extent, whereas, α-emission channels don't agree well and exhibits considerable enhancement from theoretical predictions. The enhancements may be ascribed to the break-up of projectile 16O resulting in incomplete fusion as PACE-4 considers only the complete fusion process. It has also been found that with increment in the projectile energy, probability of projectile break-up increases. Further, the comparison of present data with earlier measurements supports that the incomplete fusion contribution increases with the entrance channel mass asymmetry of the system, but differently for different projectiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the dependence of incomplete fusion on entrance channel parameters, the excitation functions of evaporation residues populated through complete and/or incomplete fusion in 19F + 154Sm system were measured at projectile energy range ≈ 4–6 MeV/nucleon The measured excitation functions were compared with theoretical model PACE-4 predictions. Analysis of measured data suggests the production of xn/pxn-channels via complete fusion, as these were satisfactorily reproduced by PACE-4 cross-sections, while, a significant enhancement in the cross-sections of α-emitting channels was found, which was attributed due to the incomplete fusion process. A systematic study suggests that the incomplete fusion contribution increases with the entrance channel mass asymmetry and coulomb factor. Further, a study on the breakup threshold suggests that the incomplete fusion contribution increases with decrease in the α-Q value of the projectile. These present results clearly show the effect of projectile structure on ICF dynamics along with other entrance channel parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years Power Quality issues vital performance measurement in smart grids like as voltage disturbance occurring in switching events or faults on power system. This paper proposes an automatic and Real time Power Quality disturbance classification voltage leakage, Transients, Harmonics and Interruptions based on statistical moments in the time domain and support vector machines (SVM) classifier. An online algorithm is utilized to update the statistical moments in real time. The proposed method has the advantage of giving faster response time and lesser memory requirements when compared to the wavelet-based methods. A standard model comprising of seven classes of Power Quality disturbances is used. The proposed method provides better results. An analysis is presented for various simulation measures demonstrate with superiority of the proposed approach. The use of SVM simplifies the power quality classification task and is implemented by MATLAB/Simulink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have performed magneto-transport measurements on recently discovered magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2 Polycrystals[8]. An unprecedented and very large anomalous Hall conductivity with a chiral anomaly has been observed in this Weyl semimetal. The unusual electrical properties are solely driven by the large Berry curvature between the Weyl points present in the topological band structure of the compound. In this article we have synthesized polycrystalline crystals of Co3Sn2S2. Temperature and magnetic field dependent magnetization measurements reveal that these crystals are ferromagnetic in nature with a Curie temperature TC of 181K. Electrical resistivity measurements show a kink like feature at this transition temperature. Signature of chiral anomaly in Dirac and Weyl semimetals has been attributed to the observation of negative magneto-resistance in collinear magnetic and electrical fields. In order to probe the signature of chiral anomaly we have carried out angle dependent magnetoresistance (MR) measurements but owing to the large grain boundary scattering negative MR could not be resolved. We comment finally that the two dimensional thin films of this material will definitely provide the negative MR [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver doped zinc oxide-polyaniline (Ag-ZnO/PANI) composite was synthesized via facile chemical oxidative in-situ polymerization process. The morphological and structural properties of Ag-ZnO/PANI composite were investigated using field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) techniques. The electrochemical properties of as-synthesized composite were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) techniques. The Ag-ZnO/PANI, a new electrode showed an excellent gravimetric specific capacitance ~ 635 F/g with energy density ~ 88 W h/kg and power density ~ 499 W/kg. The 96 %, specific capacitance retention percent and long cyclic stability suggested that Ag-ZnO/PANI composite is a potential candidate as an electrode material for supercapacitor application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have performed magneto-transport measurements on recently discovered magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2 Polycrystals[8]. An unprecedented and very large anomalous Hall conductivity with a chiral anomaly has been observed in this Weyl semimetal. The unusual electrical properties are solely driven by the large Berry curvature between the Weyl points present in the topological band structure of the compound. In this article we have synthesized polycrystalline crystals of Co3Sn2S2. Temperature and magnetic field dependent magnetization measurements reveal that these crystals are ferromagnetic in nature with a Curie temperature TC of 181K. Electrical resistivity measurements show a kink like feature at this transition temperature. Signature of chiral anomaly in Dirac and Weyl semimetals has been attributed to the observation of negative magneto-resistance in collinear magnetic and electrical fields. In order to probe the signature of chiral anomaly we have carried out angle dependent magnetoresistance (MR) measurements but owing to the large grain boundary scattering negative MR could not be resolved. We comment finally that the two dimensional thin films of this material will definitely provide the negative MR [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated the structural, transport properties and electronic structure of CaIrO3 (CIO) thin film on (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (100) substrate. X-ray diffraction results reveal the phase purity and the epitaxial growth of the film with partial tensile strain. The overall behavior of the temperature dependent electrical resistivity is insulating like whereas residual resistivity ratio indicates that the semi-metallic like transport in the CIO thin film. The semi-metallic nature was further confirmed by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) from the observation of screening mechanism present in Ir 4f state and finite density of states at the Fermi level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of gold in various gold samples (fake / genuine) is the challenging and indispensable task due to enhancement of undercarating of gold. EDXRF technique was employed for non destructive analysis of various gold samples like bangle, necklace and metallic bar for determination of gold concentration. The results were compared with the standard 24, 23, 22 and 18 carat (BIS) gold samples for their elemental compositions. Some samples were found fake/non-genuine with low concentration of gold. EDXRF analysis also shows its importance for forensic investigations. The present investigation has been carried out at Forensic Science Laboratory Madhuban, Karnal (Haryana), India with EDX-720 spectrometer equipped with Si(Li) detector having energy resolution 165 eV at 5.9 keV Mn K X-rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the heat treatment by quenching in a liquid medium the convective heat transfer coefficient plays a crucial role in the extraction of heat. The heat extraction ultimately influences the cooling rate and hence the hardness and mechanical properties. A Finite Element analysis of quenching a simple flat copper sample with different orientation of sample and with different quenchant temperatures were carried out to check and verify the results obtained from the experiments. The heat transfer coefficient (HTC) was calculated from temperature history in a simple flat copper disc sample experimentally. This HTC data was further used as input to simulation software and the cooling curves were back calculated. The results obtained from software and using experimentation shows nearly consistent values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemically stable MnO2/PIn nanocomposite was synthesized via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization process. The structural and morphological properties were studied through FTIR and FESEM characterizing techniques. Sphere like PIn and MnO2 nanorods offers interacting surface for charge transfer action. The electrochemical properties were investigated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) techniques. The significant enhancement in capacitance value with 95% coulombic efficiency and relatively low equivalent series resistance (ESR)∼0.4 Ω proved that MnO2/PIn nanocomposite is an excellent performer as an electrode material in the spectrum of supercapcitors and optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, Eu3+- Dy3+-Ce3+ tri-doped SrSnO3 have been prepared by conventional sol-gel method. XRD analysis confirmed its orthorhombic phase with Pnma (62) space group symmetry. The morphology of the sample is flake like which has examined by SEM. SrSnO3 consists of several vibrational modes due to Sn-O bond which was analysed by Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. Photoluminescence (PL) emission and excitation spectra have been recorded for optical analysis. It consist characteristic emission peaks of Ce3+, Dy3+ and Eu3. The intensity of 590 nm emission increases with increasing Eu3+ concentration and it is maximum for 3 at% Eu3+ co-doped sample. The CIE chromaticity co-ordinates are found near white region so it would be a promising phosphor for white LEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have studied the electronic structure of Vanadium doped Nickel near the composition induced ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition. In the valence band spectra, spectral weight transfer is seen by increasing the percentage of doping. The density of states at Fermi level decreases, while a feature around 2eV of binding energy increases with increasing in V doping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]