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History records that intermarriage between Datu from the Sulu Island with Idahan women has occurred since the 17th century. The result of intermarriage between the two had given birth to heirs known as Kedatuan-Idahan. This paper discusses the history of Kedatuan and intermarriage in Sabah, which contributed to the strengthening of Islamic identity among the people of the east coast of Sabah. This study involves data collection using qualitative methods based on textual content analysis and in-depth interviews with selected key informants in several villages of the Idahan community in Lahad Datu. The study results show that the intermarriage between a Datu from the Sulu Island and an Idahan woman has produced an heir with a kinship relationship with the Sulu sultanate. This kinship relationship strengthens the dominance of the bird's nest economic activity, which is in high demand from Chinese traders. The findings of the study also show that carrying the title of Datu and Dayang at the base of the heir's name to the Kedatuan further strengthens the Islamic identity among the people of the east coast of Sabah. The study also found that the Kedatuan-Idahan intermarriage impacted the Idahan community's political position in the Darvel Bay area and contributed to the early settlement of the Muslim community on the east coast of Sabah. The role of Kedatuan also explains the importance of their position as Muslim religious leaders in the Lahad Datu district and their involvement in the Cobbold Commission until the formation of Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Despite the increasing numbers of women and being majority of the world's population compared to men, women were still found to be discriminated and oppressed due to many reasons. Feminists claims that religious texts were to be blamed for spreading misogynistic contents, and male's interpretations became one of the main sources of conflict with regards to the women's issues. One of the statements which can be found in the Hadith literature that had been debated among them is "women are deficient in intelligence and religion". This paper aims to discover the sources of this Prophet's statement from the authentic source, and to analyse its interpretation based on the opinions of past and contemporary Muslim scholars. It is also to highlight the criticism towards this hadith among the feminists who argue that those Hadiths were interpreted in favour of men's interest and were influenced by patriarchal culture. Application of qualitative methodology, analytical approach was used to critically analyse the argument around this hadith, while contextual approach was applied to understand its interpretative context. The finding shows that different methods can be applied in understanding the Hadiths with misogynistic content. This is because they could not be interpreted literally, but figuratively and contextually; in order to avoid any misunderstanding against Hadiths concerning women among the community, society and humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orang Asli or indigenous peoples are peoples with unique languages, knowledge systems and beliefs; can be separated into three main groups; Senoi, Proto-Malay and Negrito. In this article focusing on discussion about human capital among Orang Asli (aborigines) from that three main groups. This article focusing on the level of human capital ownership, physical skills, experience and participation in workshops/courses and formal education, social skills, as well as values, beliefs, and attitude towards changes and development. Human capital in the Orang Asli communities known as familiar studies in their development. Human capital that focuses more on formal education should also be expanded in the aspect of informal education, especially in the knowledge and skills of the traditional Orang Asli community as balancing of community development in their context. The importance of the study is to give general picture about their strength which comprises of knowledge and skills that they possess. Community development planning to uplift the human capital can be done based on human capital ownership (strength) of the respective ethnicity. The quality of Orang Asli's life can be indirectly improved with the uplifting of the human capital. This study using a cross sectional survey that provides explanations on the level of human capital ownership in the Orang Asli communities. Data for this research is collected by distributing questionnaires. This study involves all head of family of Orang Asli in six villages in Pahang, and three villages in Kelantan. A total of 319 respondents involved in this study. Data collection was done by according to area and district. In general, this study shows that the level of human capital for all three groups are moderate, based on the minimum value which leads by Negrito, followed by Senoi and Proto-Malay. This proves that the level of human capital among Orang Asli needs improvisation which directly needs efforts for awareness. Orang Asli community need to be exposure in the form of development (planning, implementation, and evaluation) that can create a community to achieve community development. Due to that, Orang Asli with high human capital ownership can encourage towards capacity building and strength in community members and contribute to nation development as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]