1. Quantum Walks Can Find a Marked Element on Any Graph
- Author
-
Frédéric Magniez, Jérémie Roland, Hari Krovi, and Maris Ozols
- Subjects
General Computer Science ,Mécanique quantique classique et relativiste ,Open problem ,0102 computer and information sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorics ,0103 physical sciences ,Interpolated quantum walks ,Quantum walk ,010306 general physics ,Quantum walks ,Mathematics ,Quantum Physics ,Quantum algorithms ,Stationary distribution ,Markov chains ,Informatique générale ,Applied Mathematics ,Hitting time ,Random walk ,Théorie des algorithmes ,Computer Science Applications ,Vertex (geometry) ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,Graph (abstract data type) ,Interpolation - Abstract
We solve an open problem by constructing quantum walks that not only detect but also find marked vertices in a graph. In the case when the marked set $M$ consists of a single vertex, the number of steps of the quantum walk is quadratically smaller than the classical hitting time $HT(P,M)$ of any reversible random walk $P$ on the graph. In the case of multiple marked elements, the number of steps is given in terms of a related quantity $HT^+(backslash mathitP,M)$ which we call extended hitting time. Our approach is new, simpler and more general than previous ones. We introduce a notion of interpolation between the random walk $P$ and the absorbing walk $P'$, whose marked states are absorbing. Then our quantum walk is simply the quantum analogue of this interpolation. Contrary to previous approaches, our results remain valid when the random walk $P$ is not state-transitive. We also provide algorithms in the cases when only approximations or bounds on parameters $p_M$ (the probability of picking a marked vertex from the stationary distribution) and $HT^+(backslash mathitP,M)$ are known., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF