1. General and domain‐specific cognitive reserve, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia risk in older women
- Author
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Petkus, Andrew J, Resnick, Susan M, Rapp, Stephen R, Espeland, Mark A, Gatz, Margaret, Widaman, Keith F, Wang, Xinhui, Younan, Diana, Casanova, Ramon, Chui, Helena, Barnard, Ryan T, Gaussoin, Sarah, Goveas, Joseph S, Hayden, Kathleen M, Henderson, Victor W, Sachs, Bonnie C, Saldana, Santiago, Shadyab, Aladdin H, Shumaker, Sally A, and Chen, Jiu‐Chiuan
- Subjects
Biological Psychology ,Psychology ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Aging ,Brain Disorders ,Dementia ,Clinical Research ,Mental Health ,Neurodegenerative ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Neurosciences ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Alzheimer's Disease ,Neurological ,Cognitive reserve ,Mild cognitive impairment ,Structural equation modeling ,Clinical sciences ,Biological psychology - Abstract
IntroductionIn a geographically diverse sample of women, we asked whether cognitive reserve (CR) is best viewed as a general or cognitive domain-specific construct and whether some cognitive reserve domains but not others exert protective effects on risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.MethodsEstimates of general and domain-specific CR were derived via variance decomposition in 972 cognitively intact women from the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging and Women's Health Memory Study Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Women were then followed up for 13 years.ResultsGeneral CR was the strongest predictor of reduced risk for both MCI and dementia, compared to domain-specific CR measures. Verbal memory, figural memory, and spatial CR were independently protective of MCI, but only verbal memory was independently associated with reduced risk for dementia.DiscussionCognitive reserve is a heterogenous construct with valid quantitative measures identifiable across different neuropsychological processes associated with MCI and dementia.
- Published
- 2019