1. Claims-based cardiovascular outcome identification for clinical research: Results from 7 large randomized cardiovascular clinical trials
- Author
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Joseph S. Ross, John H. Alexander, Sunil V. Rao, Danica Marinac-Dabic, Renato D. Lopes, Daniel A. Canos, Manesh R. Patel, Benjamin C. Eloff, Michael J. Pencina, Sean M. O'Brien, Eric D. Peterson, Yuliya Lokhnygina, J. Matthew Brennan, Tracy Y. Wang, L. Kristin Newby, Lisa M. Wruck, Christopher B. Granger, Mitchell W. Krucoff, Robert M. Califf, Lesley H. Curtis, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Robert M. Clare, Matthew T. Roe, and Sharon-Lise T. Normand
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biomedical Research ,Evaluation system ,Databases, Factual ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Concordance ,Myocardial Infarction ,MEDLINE ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Medicare ,Revascularization ,Insurance Claim Review ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Myocardial Revascularization ,medicine ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Aged ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Retrospective Studies ,Inpatients ,business.industry ,Fee-for-Service Plans ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Data Accuracy ,Stroke ,Clinical trial ,Clinical research ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Female ,Medical Record Linkage ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Medicare insurance claims may provide an efficient means to ascertain follow-up of older participants in clinical research. We sought to determine the accuracy and completeness of claims- versus site-based follow-up with clinical event committee (+CEC) adjudication of cardiovascular outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective study using linked Medicare and Duke Database of Clinical Trials data. Medicare claims were linked to clinical data from 7 randomized cardiovascular clinical trials. Of 52,476 trial participants, linking resulted in 5,839 (of 10,497 linkage-eligible) Medicare-linked trial participants with fee-for-service A and B coverage. Death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and revascularization incidences were compared using Medicare inpatient claims only, site-reported events (+CEC) only, or a combination of the 2. Randomized treatment effects were compared as a function of whether claims-based, site-based (+CEC), or a combined system was used for event detection. Results Among the 5,839 study participants, the annual event rates were similar between claims- and site-based (+CEC) follow-up: death (overall rate 5.2% vs 5.2%; adjusted κ 0.99), MI (2.2% vs 2.3%; adjusted κ 0.96), stroke (0.7% vs 0.7%; adjusted κ 0.99), and any revascularization (7.4% vs 7.9%; adjusted κ 0.95). Of events detected by claims yet not reported by CEC, a minority were reported by sites but negatively adjudicated by CEC (39% of MIs and 18% of strokes). Differences in individual case concordance led to higher event rates when claims- and site-based (+CEC) systems were combined. Randomized treatment effects were similar among the 3 approaches for each outcome of interest. Conclusions Claims- versus site-based (+CEC) follow-up identified similar overall cardiovascular event rates despite meaningful differences in the events detected. Randomized treatment effects were similar using the 2 methods, suggesting claims data could be used to support clinical research leveraging routinely collected data. This approach may lead to more effective evidence generation, synthesis, and appraisal of medical products and inform the strategic approaches toward the National Evaluation System for Health Technology.
- Published
- 2019