17 results on '"De Luca, L"'
Search Results
2. Overview of vasopressin receptor antagonists in heart failure resulting in hospitalization.
- Author
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De Luca L, Orlandi C, Udelson JE, Fedele F, and Gheorghiade M
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- 2005
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- View/download PDF
3. Neurohormonal inhibition in heart failure: insights from recent clinical trials.
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Gheorghiade M, De Luca L, and Bonow RO
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- 2005
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4. Review of current and investigational pharmacologic agents for acute heart failure syndromes.
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Shin DD, Brandimarte F, De Luca L, Sabbah HN, Fonarow GC, Filippatos G, Komajda M, and Gheorghiade M
- Published
- 2007
5. Pharmacologic therapy for patients with chronic heart failure and reduced systolic function: review of trials and practical considerations.
- Author
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Klein L, O'Connor CM, Gattis WA, Zampino M, de Luca L, Vitarelli A, Fedele F, Gheorghiade M, Klein, Liviu, O'Connor, Christopher M, Gattis, Wendy A, Zampino, Manuela, de Luca, Leonardo, Vitarelli, Antonio, Fedele, Francesco, and Gheorghiade, Mihai
- Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from any structural or functional cardiac disorder impairing the ability of the ventricles to fill with or eject blood. The approach to pharmacologic treatment has become a combined preventive and symptomatic management strategy. Ideally, treatment should be initiated in patients at risk, preventing disease progression. In patients who have progressed to symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, certain therapies have been demonstrated to improve survival, decrease hospitalizations, and reduce symptoms. The mainstay therapies are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-blockers (bisoprolol, carvedilol, and metoprolol XL/CR), with diuretics to control fluid balance. In patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors because of angioedema or severe cough, valsartan can be substituted. Valsartan should not be added in patients already taking an ACE inhibitor and a beta-blocker. Spironolactone is recommended in patients who have New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III to IV symptoms despite maximal therapies with ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and digoxin. Low-dose digoxin, yielding a serum concentration <1 ng/mL can be added to improve symptoms and, possibly, mortality. The combination of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate might be useful in patients (especially in African Americans) who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors or valsartan because of hypotension or renal dysfunction. Calcium antagonists, with the exception of amlodipine, oral or intravenous inotropes, and vasodilators, should be avoided in HF with reduced systolic function. Amiodarone should be used only if patients have a history of sudden death, or a history of ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia, and should be used in conjunction with an implantable defibrillator [corrected]. Finally, anticoagulation is recommended only in patients who have concomitant atrial fibrillation or a previous history of cerebral or systemic emboli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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6. Nonpharmacologic care of heart failure: counseling, dietary restriction, rehabilitation, treatment of sleep apnea, and ultrafiltration.
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Colonna P, Sorino M, D'Agostino C, Bovenzi F, De Luca L, Arrigo F, de Luca I, Colonna, Paolo, Sorino, Margherita, D'Agostino, Carlo, Bovenzi, Francesco, De Luca, Leonardo, Arrigo, Francesco, and de Luca, Italo
- Abstract
The prognosis of patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) depends not only on pharmacologic therapy but also on nonpharmacologic aspects. A complete and ongoing education program for treating CHF includes an understanding of the causes of CHF, symptoms, diet, salt and fluid restriction, drug regimen, compliance, physical and work activities, lifestyle changes, and measures of self-control. Moreover, the nonpharmacologic treatment (dietary modifications, lifestyle, physical exercise, and health care education) must be inserted in a multidisciplinary program organized by the physician in conjunction with the health system, the nurses, and, especially, the patients themselves, who must understand their disease and the many therapeutic options. Cardiologists should treat patients in a clear and comprehensible way, and other specialists (dietitians, physiotherapists, psychologists, nurses, and social workers), together with the patient's family, should strive for the best living conditions for the patient. In this way, the treatment of CHF can improve the quantity and quality of life and save a significant amount in health care costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2003
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7. One-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Chronic and Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated With Bioresorbable Polymer Everolimus-Eluting Stents.
- Author
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Musto C, Paolucci L, Pivato CA, Testa L, Pacchioni A, Briguori C, Esposito G, Piccolo R, Lucisano L, De Luca L, Conrotto F, Sanz-Sanchez J, Cesario V, De Felice F, Latini AC, Regazzoli D, Sardella G, Indolfi C, Reimers B, Condorelli G, and Stefanini G
- Subjects
- Humans, Everolimus pharmacology, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Polymers, Absorbable Implants, Treatment Outcome, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Drug Therapy, Combination, Acute Coronary Syndrome surgery, Acute Coronary Syndrome drug therapy, Drug-Eluting Stents adverse effects, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention adverse effects
- Abstract
There is a paucity of data regarding the safety of a 1-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients at high bleeding risk (HBR) presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients at HBR with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) or ACS treated with PCI using bioresorbable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (BP-EES) followed by 1-month DAPT. Patients at HBR who underwent PCI with BP-EES were prospectively enrolled in 10 Italian centers. All patients were treated with 1-month DAPT. In case of need for anticoagulation, patients received an oral anticoagulant in addition to a P2Y12 inhibitor for 1 month, followed by oral anticoagulation only after that. The primary end point was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or definite/probable stent thrombosis at 12 months. Overall, 263 patients (59.4%) with CCS and 180 patients (40.6%) with ACS were enrolled. No significant difference was evident between patients with CCS and ACS for the primary end point (4.3% vs 5.6%, respectively, p = 0.497) and for each isolated component. The risk for Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 1 to 5 or type 3 to 5 bleedings was also similar between patients with CCS and ACS (4.3% vs 5.2%, p = 0.677, and 1.6% vs 2.9%, p = 0.351, respectively). In conclusion, among HBR patients with ACS who underwent PCI with BP-EES, a 1-month DAPT strategy is associated with a similar risk of ischemic and bleeding events compared with those with CCS., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. Testa has received consulting fees, personal and institutional honoraria, and has served on the advisory board participation from Abbott, Medtronic, Biotronik, Boston Scientific Corporation, Terumo Lifesciences, Meril, Cardionovum, Concept Medical. Dr. Piccolo has received speaker fees from Abbott Vascular and Biotronik and has served on the advisory board for Daiichi-Sankyo. Dr. De Luca has received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo and Sanofi. Dr. Stefanini has received speaker fees from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, and Pfizer (New York, NY, United States)/BMS. The remaining authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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8. Benefit of Extended Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Treated with Drug Eluting Stents for Coronary Bifurcation Lesions (from the BIFURCAT Registry).
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De Filippo O, Kang J, Bruno F, Han JK, Saglietto A, Yang HM, Patti G, Park KW, Parma R, Kim HS, De Luca L, Gwon HC, Iannaccone M, Chun WJ, Smolka G, Hur SH, Cerrato E, Han SH, di Mario C, Song YB, Escaned J, Choi KH, Helft G, Doh JH, Truffa Giachet A, Hong SJ, Muscoli S, Nam CW, Gallone G, Capodanno D, Trabattoni D, Imori Y, Dusi V, Cortese B, Montefusco A, Conrotto F, Colonnelli I, Sheiban I, de Ferrari GM, Koo BK, and D'Ascenzo F
- Subjects
- Acute Coronary Syndrome diagnosis, Aged, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Acute Coronary Syndrome therapy, Drug-Eluting Stents, Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy methods, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention methods, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors administration & dosage, Registries
- Abstract
Optimal dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary bifurcations is an unmet issue. The BIFURCAT registry was obtained by merging two registries on coronary bifurcations. Three groups were compared in a two-by-two fashion: short-term DAPT (≤ 6 months), intermediate-term DAPT (6-12 months) and extended DAPT (>12 months). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), target-lesion revascularization and stent thrombosis) were the primary endpoint. Single components of MACE were the secondary endpoints. Events were appraised according to the clinical presentation: chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) versus acute coronary syndrome (ACS). 5537 patients (3231 ACS, 2306 CCS) were included. After a median follow-up of 2.1 years (IQR 0.9-2.2), extended DAPT was associated with a lower incidence of MACE compared with intermediate-term DAPT (2.8% versus 3.4%, adjusted HR 0.23 [0.1-0.54], p <0.001), driven by a reduction of all-cause death in the ACS cohort. In the CCS cohort, an extended DAPT strategy was not associated with a reduced risk of MACE. In conclusion, among real-world patients receiving PCI for coronary bifurcation, an extended DAPT strategy was associated with a reduction of MACE in ACS but not in CCS patients., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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9. Characteristics and Outcome of Patients ≥75 Years of Age With Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Admitted for an Acute Coronary Syndrome.
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Morici N, De Rosa R, Crimi G, De Luca L, Ferri LA, Lenatti L, Piatti L, Tortorella G, Grosseto D, Franco N, Bossi I, Montalto C, Antonicelli R, Alicandro G, De Luca G, De Servi S, and Savonitto S
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers blood, Creatinine blood, Female, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Stroke Volume, Acute Coronary Syndrome mortality, Coronary Artery Bypass
- Abstract
The prognostic role of previous coronary artery bypass (CABG) in elderly patients admitted to hospital for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of patients aged ≥75 years admitted for an ACS with or without previous history of CABG. The primary outcome of the study was a composite of overall mortality, recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and rehospitalization for heart failure at 1-year follow-up. We included 2,253 ACS patients, aged 81 (78 to 85) years enrolled in 3 multicenter studies (the Italian Elderly ACS study, the LADIES ACS study, and the Elderly ACS 2 randomised trial) - 178 (7.9%) with previous CABG, 2,075 (92.1%) without. Patients with previous CABG had a higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors, lower ejection fraction, and higher creatinine values on admission. However, both at univariate analysis and after adjustment for the most relevant covariates (sex, age, previous myocardial infarction, type of ACS, left ventricular ejection fraction, and serum creatinine on admission), previous CABG did not show any statistically significant association with 1-year outcome (adjusted hazard ratio 0.85; 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.19; p = 0.353). In conclusion, our study suggests that elderly ACS patients with previous CABG have worse basal clinical characteristics. Nevertheless, in a broad cohort of patients mostly treated with percutaneous coronary intervention during the index event, previous CABG did not confer independent additional risk of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1-year follow-up., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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10. Incidence of Adverse Events at 3 Months Versus at 12 Months After Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Cessation in Patients Treated With Thin Stents With Unprotected Left Main or Coronary Bifurcations.
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D'Ascenzo F, Barbero U, Abdirashid M, Trabattoni D, Boccuzzi G, Ryan N, Quadri G, Capodanno D, Venuti G, Muscoli S, Tomassini F, Autelli M, Montabone A, Wojakowski W, Rognoni A, Gallo D, Parma R, De Luca L, Figini F, Mitomo S, Montefusco A, Mattesini A, Wańha W, Protasiewicz M, Smolka G, Huczek Z, Rolfo C, Cortese B, Chieffo A, Kuliczowki W, Nuñez-Gil I, Morbiducci U, Ugo F, Marengo G, Iannaccone M, Cerrato E, Mario CD, Moretti C, D'Amico M, Varbella F, Lüscher TF, Sheiban I, Escaned J, Romeo F, Rinaldi M, De Ferrari GM, and Helft G
- Subjects
- Aged, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging, Female, Graft Occlusion, Vascular prevention & control, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Coronary Artery Disease therapy, Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy adverse effects, Stents
- Abstract
Incidence and predictors of adverse events after dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) cessation in patients treated with thin stents (<100 microns) in unprotected left main (ULM) or coronary bifurcation remain undefined. All consecutive patients presenting with a critical lesion of an ULM or involving a main coronary bifurcation who were treated with very thin strut stents were included. MACE (a composite end point of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction [MI], target lesion revascularization [TLR], and stent thrombosis [ST]) was the primary endpoint, whereas target vessel revascularization (TVR) was the secondary endpoint, with particular attention to type and occurrence of ST and occurrence of ST, CV death, and MI during DAPT or after DAPT discontinuation. All analyses were performed according to length of DAPT dividing the patients in 3 groups: Short DAPT (3-months), intermediate DAPT (3 to 12 months), and long DAPT (12-months). A total of 117 patients were discharged with an indication for DAPT ≤3 months (median 1: 1 to 2.5), 200 for DAPT between 3 and 12 months (median 8: 7 to 10), and 1,958 with 12 months DAPT. After 12.8 months (8 to 20), MACE was significantly higher in the 3-month group compared with 3 to 12 and 12-month groups (9.4% vs 4.0% vs 7.2%, p ≤0.001), mainly driven by MI (4.4% vs 1.5% vs 3%, p ≤0.001) and overall ST (4.3% vs 1.5% vs 1.8%, p ≤0.001). Independent predictors of MACE were low GFR and a 2 stent strategy. Independent predictors of ST were DAPT duration <3 months and the use of a 2-stent strategy. In conclusion, even stents with very thin strut when implanted in real-life ULM or coronary bifurcation patients discharged with short DAPT have a relevant risk of ST, which remains high although not significant after DAPT cessation., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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11. Impact of Final Kissing Balloon and of Imaging on Patients Treated on Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery With Thin-Strut Stents (From the RAIN-CARDIOGROUP VII Study).
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D'Ascenzo F, Omedè P, De Filippo O, Cerrato E, Autelli M, Trabattoni D, Ryan N, Venuti G, Muscoli S, Montabone A, Wojakowski W, Rognoni A, Helft G, Gallo D, Parma R, De Luca L, Figini F, Mitomo S, Boccuzzi G, Mattesini A, Wańha W, Smolka G, Huczek Z, Cortese B, Sheiban I, Escaned J, Biolè C, Conrotto F, Templin C, Quadri G, Rolfo C, Capodanno D, Chieffo A, Nuñez-Gil I, Morbiducci U, Iannaccone M, Gili S, Mario CD, Moretti C, D'Amico M, Varbella F, Romeo F, and Lüscher TF
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- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease diagnosis, Coronary Vessels surgery, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Prosthesis Design, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary instrumentation, Coronary Angiography methods, Coronary Artery Disease surgery, Coronary Vessels diagnostic imaging, Drug-Eluting Stents, Registries
- Abstract
Few data are available about the impact on outcomes of procedural strategies for percutaneous coronary intervention with thin-struts stents on unprotected left main (ULM): 792 patients with an ULM stenosis treated with percutaneous coronary intervention with thin-strut stents were enrolled in the present multicenter registry. Target lesion revascularization (TLR) was the primary end point. MACE (a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, TLR, and stent thrombosis) and its single components, along with target vessel revascularization were the secondary end points. Subgroup analyses were performed according to complex versus noncomplex bifurcation lesions. After 16 months, 5.5% of patients experienced a TLR. At multivariate analysis, provisional stenting (odds ratio [OR] 0.46: 0.85 to 0.23, p = 0.006), use of imaging (OR 0.45: 0.23 to 0.98, p = 0.003) and final kissing balloon (FKB) (OR 0.41: 0.83 to 0.21, p = 0.001) reduced risk of TLR. FKB reduced risk of overall TLR only for 2 stents-strategy (6.2% vs 32.4%, p <0.05), but not for provisional strategy (3.8% vs 3.7%, p = 0.67). Intracoronary imaging reduced risk of overall TLR both for provisional (2.2% vs 5.4%) and for 2-stents strategy (7.3% vs 14.1% p <0.05 for both, all confidence interval 95%). In conclusion, TLR for ULM patients treated with thin-strut stents is infrequent. Provisional stenting was noninferior compared with 2-stents apart from complex lesions. Benefit from intracoronary imaging is consistent for different strategies, whereas that from FKB persists only for 2-stents., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2019
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12. Effectiveness of Pretreatment With Dual Oral Antiplatelet Therapy.
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De Luca L, Danchin N, Valgimigli M, and Goldstein P
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- Humans, Acute Coronary Syndrome therapy, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors therapeutic use, Premedication, Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use
- Abstract
Several observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses suggested that pretreatment with clopidogrel in addition to aspirin could reduce the rate of ischemic events, especially in the setting of acute coronary syndromes. Newer P2Y12 inhibitors like prasugrel and ticagrelor, which provide faster and stronger platelet inhibition compared with clopidogrel, would enhance the benefits of pretreatment. However, 2 recent randomized trials, A Comparison of Prasugrel at PCI or Time of Diagnosis of Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and the Administration of Ticagrelor in the Cath Lab or in the Ambulance for New ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction to Open the Coronary Artery studies, aimed at assessing the effects of the timing of administration of novel P2Y12 inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes, failed to meet their primary end points. In this report, we review clinical data on pretreatment with dual oral antiplatelet therapy and comment on some criticisms raised from recent trials., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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13. Effects of glucose-insulin-potassium infusion on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular remodeling in patients treated with primary angioplasty for ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction.
- Author
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Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Bianchi M, De Luca L, Battagliese A, Di Russo C, Proietti P, Vizza CD, and Fedele F
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- Chi-Square Distribution, Coronary Angiography, Drug Therapy, Combination, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Pilot Projects, Prospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary, Glucose administration & dosage, Insulin administration & dosage, Myocardial Infarction drug therapy, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Potassium administration & dosage, Ventricular Remodeling drug effects
- Abstract
The role of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) infusion in the management of acute coronary syndrome is controversial. Limited data are available on the effects of adjunctive high-dose GIK (30% glucose, 50 IU of insulin, 80 mEq of potassium chloride infused at 1.5 ml/kg/hour over 24 hours) on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. In this prospective study, 73 patients were randomized to receive GIK infusion (n = 40) or saline (placebo, n = 33) in addition to standard therapy. The primary end points were myocardial perfusion after PCI and LV remodeling at 6 months. Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction frame count and myocardial blush grade were evaluated before and after reperfusion treatment. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, ejection fraction, and wall motion score index were assessed in each patient after PCI and after 6 months. Although no differences in final Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow were observed between the 2 groups, myocardial blush grade 3 was more frequently achieved in the GIK group (p <0.05). At 6 months, ventricular remodeling was more often observed in the control group (24% vs 3%, p <0.05). In conclusion, GIK infusion in adjunct to primary PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was safe, improved myocardial perfusion after revascularization, and was associated with less LV remodeling at follow-up.
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- 2006
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14. Cardiac hemodynamic and coronary angiographic characteristics of patients being evaluated for liver transplantation.
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Tiukinhoy-Laing SD, Rossi JS, Bayram M, De Luca L, Gafoor S, Blei A, Flamm S, Davidson CJ, and Gheorghiade M
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- Aged, Cardiac Catheterization, Coronary Disease epidemiology, Coronary Disease physiopathology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Liver Failure surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Disease diagnostic imaging, Liver Transplantation, Stroke Volume physiology
- Abstract
With improved survival after liver transplantation (LT), the referral of older candidates has increased. The increasing demand for, and the decreased supply of, liver donors makes careful preoperative cardiac risk assessment imperative. There is a paucity of information regarding the cardiac characteristics of patients being referred for LT in the current era. This study aimed to describe the cardiac hemodynamic and coronary angiographic characteristics of a cohort of patients with end-stage liver disease without known coronary artery disease (CAD) being evaluated for LT. One hundred sixty-one consecutive patients aged>or=45 years with end-stage liver disease who were referred for right- and left-sided cardiac catheterization as part of a liver transplant evaluation were identified. There was a high prevalence of atherosclerotic risk factors; half had hypertension or diabetes, and more than half had >or=2 coronary risk factors other than age. There was a high prevalence of CAD, with 26% having unknown moderate to severe coronary narrowing. Patients with moderate to severe CAD were older, were more likely to be men, and were more likely to have hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Right- and left-sided filling pressures were elevated, suggesting abnormalities in left ventricular diastolic compliance. In conclusion, this study showed a high prevalence of coronary risk factors and unknown moderate to severe CAD in patients with end-stage liver disease being referred for LT.
- Published
- 2006
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15. Comparison between sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stent in T-cell subsets redistribution.
- Author
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Sardella G, De Luca L, Di Roma A, De Persio G, Conti G, Paroli M, and Fedele F
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- Aged, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes physiology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes physiology, Coronary Disease immunology, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Coronary Disease therapy, Immunosuppressive Agents administration & dosage, Paclitaxel administration & dosage, Sirolimus administration & dosage, Stents, T-Lymphocyte Subsets physiology
- Abstract
We sought to investigate the effects of 2 different coronary drug-eluting stents on the distribution of central or effector memory T cells circulating in the coronary sinus of patients with coronary artery disease who underwent percutaneous coronary revascularization. We randomly assigned 43 patients (mean age 65.4 +/- 4.3 years; 34 men) presenting with stable coronary disease and angiographically proved stenosis of the left anterior descending artery to treatment with sirolimus- or paclitaxel-eluting stents. Heparinized blood samples were obtained from the coronary sinus before and 20 minutes after stent implantation. Analysis of surface phenotype was performed by 4-color flow cytometry, and data are expressed as the percentage of positive cells. The percentages of CD8+ and CD4+ effector memory T cells, as defined by the CD3+CD45RO+CD27- phenotype, were significantly reduced in patients who received a sirolimus-eluting stent compared with the basal values. Conversely, the percentages of CD8+, but not CD4+, central memory T cells (CD3+CD45RO+CD27+) were increased in the same treatment group after the revascularization procedure. No changes in the percentages of memory T-cell populations in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group were observed. These findings show that sirolimus-eluting stents rapidly induced a redistribution of memory T lymphocytes, with a significant decrease of proinflammatory effector memory T cells circulating within the coronary sinus.
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- 2006
- Full Text
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16. Reassessment of dobutamine, dopamine, and milrinone in the management of acute heart failure syndromes.
- Author
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Bayram M, De Luca L, Massie MB, and Gheorghiade M
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Dobutamine therapeutic use, Dopamine therapeutic use, Heart Failure pathology, Humans, Milrinone therapeutic use, Syndrome, Cardiotonic Agents therapeutic use, Heart Failure drug therapy
- Abstract
The appropriate role of intravenous inodilator therapy (inotropic agents with vasodilator properties) in the management of acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) has long been a subject of controversy, mainly because of the lack of prospective, placebo-controlled trials and a lack of alternative therapies. The use of intravenous inodilator infusions, however, remains common, but highly variable. As new options emerge for the treatment of AHFS, the available information should be reviewed to determine which approaches are supported by evidence, which are used empirically without evidence, and which should be considered inappropriate. For these purposes, we reviewed data available from randomized controlled trials on short-term, intermittent, and long-term use of intravenous inodilator agents (dobutamine, dopamine, and milrinone) in AHFS. Randomized controlled trials failed to show benefits with current medications and suggested that acute, intermittent, or continuous use of inodilator infusions may increase morbidity and mortality in patients with AHFS. Their use should be restricted to patients who are hypotensive as a result of low cardiac output despite a high left ventricular filling pressure.
- Published
- 2005
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17. Pathophysiologic targets in the early phase of acute heart failure syndromes.
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Gheorghiade M, De Luca L, Fonarow GC, Filippatos G, Metra M, and Francis GS
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Humans, Syndrome, Heart Failure physiopathology
- Abstract
An episode of acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) can be defined as a rapid or gradual onset of signs and symptoms of heart failure (HF) in hospital admission and can arise from a variety of pathophysiologic mechanisms. This article reviews our current understanding of the pathophysiology of AHFS in order to identify potential therapeutic targets. Most patients with AHFS present with either normal systolic blood pressure or elevated blood pressure. Patients who present with elevated systolic blood pressure usually have pulmonary congestion and a relatively preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and have symptoms that typically develop abruptly, these patients often are elderly women. Patients with normal systolic blood pressure presenting with systemic congestion and reduced LVEF are usually younger, with a history of chronic HF, and have symptoms that develop gradually over days or weeks. Accordingly, most episodes of AHFS can be classified as either "vascular" failure or "cardiac" failure. In addition to the abnormal hemodynamics (increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and/or decrease in cardiac output) that characterize patients with AHFS, myocardial injury--which may be related to a decrease in coronary perfusion and/or further activation of neurohormones and renal dysfunction (ie, the cardiorenal syndrome)--probably contributes to short-term and post-discharge cardiac events. Patients with AHFS also have significant cardiac and non-cardiac underlying conditions that contribute to the pathogenesis of AHFS, including coronary artery disease (ischemia, hibernating myocardium, and endothelial dysfunction), hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The goals of therapy for AHFS should be not only to improve symptoms and hemodynamics, but also to preserve or improve renal function and prevent myocardial damage.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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