7 results
Search Results
2. Considering Community Psychology Competencies: A Love Letter to Budding Scholar‐Activists Who Wonder if They Have What It Takes
- Author
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Langhout, Regina Day
- Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology ,Psychology ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Peace ,Justice and Strong Institutions ,Child ,Health Education ,Humans ,Professional Competence ,Psychology ,Social ,Residence Characteristics ,School Health Services ,Social Justice ,Community psychology ,Community psychology competencies ,Reflexivity ,Affective politics ,Social Work ,Public Health ,Applied and developmental psychology ,Clinical and health psychology ,Social and personality psychology - Abstract
Recently, community psychologists have re-vamped a set of 18 competencies considered important for how we practice community psychology. Three competencies are: (1) ethical, reflexive practice, (2) community inclusion and partnership, and (3) community education, information dissemination, and building public awareness. This paper will outline lessons I-a white working class woman academic-learned about my competency development through my research collaborations, using the lens of affective politics. I describe three lessons, from school-based research sites (elementary schools serving working class students of color and one elite liberal arts school serving wealthy white students). The first lesson, from an elementary school, concerns ethical, reflective practice. I discuss understanding my affect as a barometer of my ability to conduct research from a place of solidarity. The second lesson, which centers community inclusion and partnership, illustrates how I learned about the importance of "before the beginning" conversations concerning social justice and conflict when working in elementary schools. The third lesson concerns community education, information dissemination, and building public awareness. This lesson, from a college, taught me that I could stand up and speak out against classism in the face of my career trajectory being threatened. With these lessons, I flesh out key aspects of community practice competencies.
- Published
- 2015
3. Relating Coalition Capacity to the Adoption of Science‐Based Prevention in Communities: Evidence from a Randomized Trial of Communities That Care
- Author
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Shapiro, Valerie B, Oesterle, Sabrina, and Hawkins, J David
- Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Substance Misuse ,Drug Abuse (NIDA only) ,Clinical Research ,Pediatric ,Prevention ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Capacity Building ,Community Networks ,Evidence-Based Practice ,Humans ,Preventive Health Services ,Communities that care ,Coalition ,Capacity ,Adoption ,Evidence-based practice ,Social Work ,Psychology ,Public Health - Abstract
Coalition-based efforts that use a science-based approach to prevention can improve the wellbeing of community youth. This study measured several coalition capacities that are hypothesized to facilitate the adoption of a science-based approach to prevention in communities. Using data from 12 coalitions participating in a community-randomized trial of the prevention strategy Communities That Care (CTC), this paper describes select measurement properties of five salient coalition capacities (member substantive knowledge of prevention, member acquisition of new skills, member attitudes toward CTC, organizational linkages, and influence on organizations), as reported by coalition members, and examines the degree to which these capacities facilitated the community leader reports of the community-wide adoption of a science-based approach to prevention. Findings indicated that the five coalition capacities could be reliably measured using coalition member reports. Meta-regression analyses found that CTC had a greater impact on the adoption of a science-based prevention approach in 12 matched pairs of control and CTC communities where the CTC coalition had greater member (new skill acquisition) and organizational capacities (organizational linkages).
- Published
- 2015
4. Relating coalition capacity to the adoption of science-based prevention in communities: evidence from a randomized trial of Communities That Care.
- Author
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Shapiro, Valerie B, Oesterle, Sabrina, and Hawkins, J David
- Subjects
Humans ,Community Networks ,Preventive Health Services ,Evidence-Based Practice ,Capacity Building ,Communities that care ,Prevention ,Coalition ,Capacity ,Adoption ,Evidence-based practice ,Public Health ,Psychology ,Social Work - Abstract
Coalition-based efforts that use a science-based approach to prevention can improve the wellbeing of community youth. This study measured several coalition capacities that are hypothesized to facilitate the adoption of a science-based approach to prevention in communities. Using data from 12 coalitions participating in a community-randomized trial of the prevention strategy Communities That Care (CTC), this paper describes select measurement properties of five salient coalition capacities (member substantive knowledge of prevention, member acquisition of new skills, member attitudes toward CTC, organizational linkages, and influence on organizations), as reported by coalition members, and examines the degree to which these capacities facilitated the community leader reports of the community-wide adoption of a science-based approach to prevention. Findings indicated that the five coalition capacities could be reliably measured using coalition member reports. Meta-regression analyses found that CTC had a greater impact on the adoption of a science-based prevention approach in 12 matched pairs of control and CTC communities where the CTC coalition had greater member (new skill acquisition) and organizational capacities (organizational linkages).
- Published
- 2015
5. Collective Efficacy as a Task Specific Process: Examining the Relationship Between Social Ties, Neighborhood Cohesion and the Capacity to Respond to Violence, Delinquency and Civic Problems
- Author
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Wickes, Rebecca, Hipp, John R, Sargeant, Elise, and Homel, Ross
- Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Violence Research ,Mental Health ,Peace ,Justice and Strong Institutions ,Adult ,Australia ,Female ,Humans ,Interpersonal Relations ,Juvenile Delinquency ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Politics ,Residence Characteristics ,Self Efficacy ,Social Behavior ,Social Environment ,Violence ,Collective efficacy ,Social ties ,Social cohesion ,Community ,Social Work ,Psychology ,Public Health - Abstract
In the neighborhood effects literature, collective efficacy is viewed as the key explanatory process associated with the spatial distribution of a range of social problems. While many studies usefully focus on the consequences of collective efficacy, in this paper we examine the task specificity of collective efficacy and consider the individual and neighborhood factors that influence residents' perceptions of neighborhood collective efficacy for specific tasks. Utilizing survey and administrative data from 4,093 residents nested in 148 communities in Australia, we distinguish collective efficacy for particular threats to social order and assess the relative importance of social cohesion and neighborhood social ties to the development of collective efficacy for violence, delinquency and civic/political issues. Our results indicate that a model separating collective efficacy for specific problems from social ties and the more generalized notions of social cohesion is necessary when understanding the regulation potential of neighborhoods.
- Published
- 2013
6. Collective efficacy as a task specific process: examining the relationship between social ties, neighborhood cohesion and the capacity to respond to violence, delinquency and civic problems.
- Author
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Wickes, Rebecca, Hipp, John R, Sargeant, Elise, and Homel, Ross
- Subjects
Humans ,Social Behavior ,Self Efficacy ,Interpersonal Relations ,Residence Characteristics ,Violence ,Politics ,Social Environment ,Juvenile Delinquency ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Australia ,Female ,Male ,Collective efficacy ,Social ties ,Social cohesion ,Community ,Public Health ,Psychology ,Social Work - Abstract
In the neighborhood effects literature, collective efficacy is viewed as the key explanatory process associated with the spatial distribution of a range of social problems. While many studies usefully focus on the consequences of collective efficacy, in this paper we examine the task specificity of collective efficacy and consider the individual and neighborhood factors that influence residents' perceptions of neighborhood collective efficacy for specific tasks. Utilizing survey and administrative data from 4,093 residents nested in 148 communities in Australia, we distinguish collective efficacy for particular threats to social order and assess the relative importance of social cohesion and neighborhood social ties to the development of collective efficacy for violence, delinquency and civic/political issues. Our results indicate that a model separating collective efficacy for specific problems from social ties and the more generalized notions of social cohesion is necessary when understanding the regulation potential of neighborhoods.
- Published
- 2013
7. Elucidating the Power in Empowerment and the Participation in Participatory Action Research: A Story About Research Team and Elementary School Change
- Author
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Dworski-Riggs, Deanne and Langhout, Regina Day
- Subjects
Psychology ,Public Health/Gesundheitswesen ,Health Psychology ,Clinical Psychology ,Personality and Social Psychology ,Community and Environmental Psychology ,Participatory action research ,Empowerment ,Power ,Schools ,Reflexivity - Abstract
Community psychologists are increasingly using Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a way to promote social justice by creating conditions that foster empowerment. Yet, little attention has been paid to the differences between the power structure that PAR advocates and the local community power structures. This paper seeks to evaluate the level of participation in a PAR project for multiple stakeholder groups, determine how PAR was adjusted to better fit community norms, and whether our research team was able to facilitate the emergence of PAR by adopting an approach that was relevant to the existing power relations. We conclude that power differences should not be seen as roadblocks to participation, but rather as moments of opportunity for the researchers to refine their methods and for the community and the community psychologist to challenge existing power structures.
- Published
- 2010
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