87 results
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2. Seeking utopia: Psychologies' waves toward decoloniality.
- Author
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Rodriguez Ramirez, Daniel and Langhout, Regina D.
- Subjects
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DECOLONIZATION , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research , *UTOPIAS , *PSYCHOLOGY , *SOCIAL psychology , *CARDIAC research , *COMMUNITY psychology - Abstract
This paper provides a review of empirical studies published with a decolonial epistemic approach in psychology. Our goal was to better understand how decolonial approaches are being practiced empirically in psychology, with an emphasis on community‐social psychology. We first discuss the context of colonization and coloniality in the research process as orienting information. We identified 17 peer‐reviewed empirical articles with a decolonial approach to psychology scholarship and discerned four waves that characterize the articles: relationally‐based research to transgress fixed hierarchies and unsettle power, research from the heart, sociohistorical intersectional consciousness, and desire‐based future‐oriented research to rehumanize and seek utopia. Community‐social psychology research with a decolonial approach has the potential to remember grassroots efforts, decolonizing our world. Highlights: This paper reviews 17 empirical studies published with a decolonial epistemology in psychology.Authors discuss colonization and coloniality in the research process as orienting information. We discerned four waves within the empirical work with the potential to uplift decolonial efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Counterstorytelling as Epistemic Justice: Decolonial Community‐based Praxis from the Global South.
- Author
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Dutta, Urmitapa, Azad, Abdul Kalam, and Hussain, Shalim M.
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VIOLENCE prevention ,PRACTICAL politics ,SOCIAL justice ,PSYCHOLOGY ,EXPERIENCE ,INTELLECT ,STORYTELLING ,POWER (Social sciences) - Abstract
In this paper, we present community‐anchored counterstorytelling as a form of epistemic justice. We—the Miya Community Research Collective—engage in counterstorytelling as a means of resisting and disrupting dehumanization of Miya communities in Northeast India. Miya communities have a long history of dispossession and struggle – from forced displacement by British colonial rulers in the early 19th century to the present where they face imminent threats of statelessness. Against this backdrop, we theorize "in the flesh" to interrogate knowledges and representations systematically deployed to dispossess Miya people. Simultaneously, we uplift stories and endeavors that (re)humanize Miya people, creating/claiming cultural, knowledge, and political spaces that center peoples' struggles and resistance. Across these stories, we offer counterstorytelling as a powerful mode of recentering knowledges from the margins—a decolonial alternative to neoliberal epistemes that maintain institutions/universities as centers of knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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4. Housing and Child Well Being: Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice.
- Author
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Fowler, Patrick J. and Farrell, Anne F.
- Subjects
HOUSING ,HOMELESSNESS ,CHILD psychology ,CHILD development ,CHILD welfare ,FOSTER home care ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Inadequate housing and homelessness represent significant barriers to family stability and child development. An accumulating body of evidence documents the relatively high risk of family separation among families experiencing housing instability and homelessness, the extent of housing problems experienced by families involved in the child welfare system, and the disproportionately high rates of homelessness among youth aging out of foster care. Vulnerable youth and families interact frequently with various social service programs intended to mitigate multifaceted and multilevel risks, however, systems efforts and resources are rarely coordinated and results to date are mixed. We introduce 13 papers that are part of a burgeoning, increasingly sophisticated body of scholarship that inform coordinated responses to inadequate housing experienced by families involved in child welfare and related interventions. We note emergent themes and state a pressing need for research that accounts for ecological and contextual influences, examines the differential impact of housing and service interventions, identifies critical ingredients of effective housing and service interventions, and positions for scale-up. We distill findings into a set of observations and recommendations that align with best intentions to improve quality of life and promote well being among some of society's most vulnerable individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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5. Quality Criteria Under Methodological Pluralism: Implications for Conducting and Evaluating Research.
- Author
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Barker, Chris and Pistrang, Nancy
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COMMUNITY psychology ,APPLIED psychology ,PLURALISM ,VALUES (Ethics) ,PHILOSOPHY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Many community psychologists adhere to a methodological pluralist orientation to research; however, it is often unclear what such a position means in practice. This paper draws out the practical implications of methodological pluralism for community research. It proposes four sets of criteria for how research might be appraised under a pluralistic ethos: criteria applicable to all research, research-relevant community psychology values and principles, criteria specifically applicable to quantitative research, and criteria specifically applicable to qualitative research. The paper also addresses how pluralistic community research may be conducted, at each of three levels: integrating methods within a single study, using different approaches within a research program, and pluralism in the field as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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6. Participatory Action Research (PAR) in Middle School: Opportunities, Constraints, and Key Processes
- Author
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Maggie G. Wanis, Emily J. Ozer, and Miranda L. Ritterman
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Program evaluation ,Community-Based Participatory Research ,Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,Participatory action research ,Community-based participatory research ,Community and Environmental Psychology ,Social Environment ,Adolescents ,Health(social science) ,Pedagogy ,Humans ,Psychology ,Disengagement theory ,Child ,Students ,Children ,Applied Psychology ,Original Paper ,Schools ,Health Psychology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Social environment ,Faculty ,Health psychology ,Intervention (law) ,Clinical Psychology ,Research Design ,Personality and Social Psychology ,Sustainability ,San Francisco ,Middle school ,Program Evaluation ,Public Health/Gesundheitswesen - Abstract
Late childhood and early adolescence represent a critical transition in the developmental and academic trajectory of youth, a time in which there is an upsurge in academic disengagement and psychopathology. PAR projects that can promote youth’s sense of meaningful engagement in school and a sense of efficacy and mattering can be particularly powerful given the challenges of this developmental stage. In the present study, we draw on data from our own collaborative implementation of PAR projects in secondary schools to consider two central questions: (1) How do features of middle school settings and the developmental characteristics of the youth promote or inhibit the processes, outcomes, and sustainability of the PAR endeavor? and (2) How can the broad principles and concepts of PAR be effectively translated into specific intervention activities in schools, both within and outside of the classroom? In particular, we discuss a participatory research project conducted with 6th and 7th graders at an urban middle school as a means of highlighting the opportunities, constraints, and lessons learned in our efforts to contribute to the high-quality implementation and evaluation of PAR in diverse urban public schools.
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7. Being Silenced: The Impact of Negative Social Reactions on the Disclosure of Rape
- Author
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Courtney E. Ahrens
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Adult ,Self Disclosure ,Health (social science) ,Survival ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Victimology ,education ,Poison control ,050109 social psychology ,Disclosure ,Victimisation ,Suicide prevention ,Health(social science) ,Social support ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Ethnicity ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Crime Victims ,Applied Psychology ,0505 law ,media_common ,Stereotyping ,Original Paper ,Social relations ,05 social sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Social Support ,social sciences ,16. Peace & justice ,humanities ,Attitude ,Sexual abuse ,Feeling ,Rape ,050501 criminology ,Self-disclosure ,Female ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Secondary victimization - Abstract
Rape survivors who speak out about their assault experiences are often punished for doing so when they are subjected to negative reactions from support providers. These negative reactions may thereby serve a silencing function, leading some rape survivors to stop talking about their experiences to anyone at all. The current study sought to examine this worst case scenario. Focusing on the qualitative narratives of eight rape survivors who initially disclosed the assault but then stopped disclosing for a significant period of time, this study sought to provide an in-depth description of how negative reactions silenced these survivors. Three routes to silence were identified: 1) negative reactions from professionals led survivors to question whether future disclosures would be effective; 2) negative reactions from friends and family reinforced feelings of self-blame; and 3) negative reactions from either source reinforced uncertainty about whether their experiences qualified as rape. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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8. Screening for Housing Instability and Homelessness Among Families Undergoing Child Maltreatment Investigation.
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Farrell, Anne F., Dibble, Kate E., Randall, Kellie G., and Britner, Preston A.
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HOUSING ,HOMELESSNESS ,CHILD welfare ,CHILD abuse & psychology ,FAMILIES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper reports results of mixed methods, population survey of housing instability, and homelessness. Child welfare personnel conducted the Quick Risks and Assets for Family Triage ( QRAFT), a three-question screening tool intended to identify housing instability and homelessness. The QRAFT requires users to assess family housing history, current housing arrangement, and current housing condition, on a four-point scale from 'asset/not a risk' to 'severe risk.' The QRAFT was completed among 6828 families undergoing new child maltreatment investigations. Approximately 5.4% of families demonstrated significant to severe housing problems; approximately one-third exhibited moderate housing risk. Housing problems and homelessness were significantly associated with the outcome of child welfare investigations; among families with substantiated child welfare determinations, 21% demonstrated significant to severe housing risk, a significantly higher proportion than among families where the investigation outcome was unsubstantiated or differential response (i.e., voluntary services). Of significant to severe housing risk families, 15.7% later met eligibility criteria for a supportive housing intervention, suggesting that housing concerns combined with substantial parent and child functional difficulties. Qualitative data indicated the QRAFT was perceived as easy to administer, effective as a screening tool, and useful to 'apply the housing lens' early in child welfare involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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9. Can Housing and Service Interventions Reduce Family Separations for Families Who Experience Homelessness?
- Author
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Shinn, Marybeth, Brown, Scott R., and Gubits, Daniel
- Subjects
HOMELESSNESS ,FAMILY relations ,SEPARATION (Psychology) ,RELATIONSHIP breakup ,HOUSING ,HOUSING subsidies ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Family break-up is common in families experiencing homelessness. This paper examines the extent of separations of children from parents and of partners from each other and whether housing and service interventions reduced separations and their precursors among 1,857 families across 12 sites who participated in the Family Options Study. Families in shelters were randomized to offers of one of three interventions: permanent housing subsidies that reduce expenditures for rent to 30% of families' income, temporary rapid re-housing subsidies with some services directed at housing and employment, and transitional housing in supervised facilities with extensive psychosocial services. Each group was compared to usual care families who were eligible for that intervention but received no special offer. Twenty months later, permanent housing subsidies almost halved rates of child separation and more than halved rates of foster care placements; the other interventions did not affect separations significantly. Predictors of separation were primarily homelessness and drug abuse (all comparisons), and alcohol dependence (one comparison). Although housing subsidies reduced homelessness, alcohol dependence, intimate partner violence, and economic stressors, the last three variables had no association with child separations in the subsidy comparison; thus subsidies had indirect effects via reductions in homelessness. No intervention reduced partner separations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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10. From 'Water Boiling in a Peruvian Town' to 'Letting them Die': Culture, Community Intervention, and the Metabolic Balance Between Patience and Zeal.
- Author
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Trickett, Edison J.
- Subjects
INTERVENTION (Social services) ,COMMUNITY psychology ,COMMUNITIES ,CULTURAL relations ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
While the concept of culture has long been central to community psychology research and intervention, it has most frequently referred to the communities in which such work occurs. The purpose of this paper is to reframe this discussion by viewing community interventions as instances of intercultural contact between the culture of science, reflected in community intervention research, and the culture of the communities in which those interventions occur. Following a brief discussion of the complexities of culture as a concept, two illustrative stories of failed community interventions are provided to highlight the centrality of cultural and contextual understanding as prelude to community intervention. These stories, set 50 years apart, reflect the depth and pervasive influence of both the culture of science and the culture of communities. Next, a series of propositions about the culture of social science as a partial reflection of the broader culture of the United States are offered, and their implications for the conduct of community interventions drawn. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations which, together, provide an ecological mind-set for taking culture seriously in community interventions. Central to this mind set are the importance of focusing on communities rather than programs and emphasizing the intervention goal of choice over change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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11. Putting Values into Practice: Public Policy and the Future of Mental Health Consumer-run Organizations.
- Author
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Nelson, Geoffrey, Janzen, Rich, Trainor, John, and Ochocka, Joanna
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MENTAL health ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,MENTAL health policy ,HEALTH policy ,PUBLIC health ,MENTAL health services ,HEALTH planning ,PSYCHIATRY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to reflect on value dilemmas in mental health consumer-run organizations and to discuss implications for research, policy, and practice. We review the roots of consumer-run organizations in the self-help movement and the psychiatric survivor liberation movement, focusing on the distinctive values espoused by consumer-run organizations. We also discuss evidence-based and value-based approaches to mental health policy formulation and mental health reform, noting the particular importance of value-based approaches and the role that consumer-run organizations can play in mental health reform. Based on our experiences conducting a participatory action research study of four mental health consumer-run organizations, we identify and examine several value dilemmas, discuss the lessons that we learned about these value dilemmas, and note their implications for future directions in research, policy, and practice [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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12. A Community Practice Model for Community Psychologists and Some Examples of the Application of Community Practice Skills from the Partnerships for Success Initiative in Ohio.
- Author
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Julian, David A.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,APPLIED psychology ,SOCIAL psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper provides an opportunity to consider the concept of community practice from the vantage point of community psychology. The author argues that community psychology has significant potential to change organizations, communities, and other settings to benefit setting occupants. However, it is the author's contention that the full realization of this potential is contingent upon an organized effort to engage in formal community practice. The author defines community practice in terms of four skill sets related to mobilization, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The author also describes settings that might support community practice and discusses implications for training and the field of community psychology in general. Finally, the author illustrates several community practice skills and roles in the context of a local community-based initiative in Ohio called Partnerships for Success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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13. Scientists in the Swamp: Narrowing the Language-Practice Gap in Community Psychology.
- Author
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Hess, Jacob
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SOCIAL sciences ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIOLOGY ,COMMUNITY psychology ,LANGUAGE & languages ,HERMENEUTICS - Abstract
As a confluence of unique values and activities, the collective practice of community psychology is difficult to characterize in a simple way. Increasingly, however, professional contexts are laden with pressure to define any practice-from library work to medical interventions-in the orderly, compact language of traditional science. This trend has historically been resisted in the field by those sensing a fundamental lack of fit between the fluid, emergent aspects of community psychological practice and the fixed, precise language of classic science. In response to this “language-practice gap,” some have attempted to adapt the traditional language of science to better fit the field’s practice, while others have explored alternative languages of practice seemingly more indigenous to the messy “swamp” of actual communities. While the former effort leaves some theoretical contradictions intact, the latter tends to discount scientific identity entirely. This paper proposes a potential step forward by resituating questions of disciplinary language and identity within a current philosophical discourse where the nature of social science itself remains sharply contested. This suggests shifting attention away from “should webe a science?” to “what kindof science might we be after all?”; in turn, alternative languages may be re-cast as legitimate contributors to a kind of science more authentic to human communities-even a viable “science in the swamp.” One such language-philosophical hermeneutics-is presented as a particularly valuable supplement to traditional science. Illustrations highlight ways that hermeneutics may advance the formal language of the field towards a closer fit of what actually happens in practice, while preserving and even bolstering the empirical rigor and scientific identity of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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14. Theorizing Critical Placemaking as a Tool for Reclaiming Public Space.
- Author
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Toolis, Erin E.
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EQUALITY & economics ,SOCIAL injustice ,PUBLIC spaces & society ,SOCIAL problems ,NARRATIVES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
As economic inequality and segregation continue to grow in the U.S., psychology has an important role to play in exploring and promoting processes that can disrupt social injustice. This paper identifies the privatization of public space as a social problem that contributes to the entrenchment of social, economic, and racial inequality, and advances 'critical placemaking' as a tool for reclaiming public space for public use. Drawing from key concepts in environmental psychology, narrative psychology, and community psychology, the proposed framework seeks to theorize the processes by which placemaking may contribute to transforming community narratives and building more inclusive, participatory, and democratic communities. Policy implications and future directions for empirical work are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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15. Swampscott in International Context: Expanding Our Ecology of Knowledge.
- Author
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Sonn, Christopher C.
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PSYCHOLOGY ,COMMUNITY psychology ,THEORY of knowledge ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
In this paper, I offer reflections as someone from outside the United States about the Swampscott conference. I refer to Fryer and Fox's (The Community Psychologist, 24, 2014, 1) critique of the "Swampscott discourse" and its role in fixing the birthplace of community psychology. While the critique is important, I note the growing references to international community psychology and the need to view the discipline as a product of social political realities in different contexts, as well as dynamics of dominance and marginality in knowledge production in psychology. The work in the Global South presents opportunities to contribute to developing a decolonizing community psychology through expanding the ecology of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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16. Considering Community Psychology Competencies: A Love Letter to Budding Scholar-Activists Who Wonder if They Have What It Takes.
- Author
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Langhout, Regina Day
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COMMUNITY psychology ,WORKING class women ,REFLEXIVITY ,COMMUNITY education ,ELEMENTARY schools ,COMMUNITY involvement ,OUTCOME-based education ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Recently, community psychologists have re-vamped a set of 18 competencies considered important for how we practice community psychology. Three competencies are: (1) ethical, reflexive practice, (2) community inclusion and partnership, and (3) community education, information dissemination, and building public awareness. This paper will outline lessons I-a white working class woman academic-learned about my competency development through my research collaborations, using the lens of affective politics. I describe three lessons, from school-based research sites (elementary schools serving working class students of color and one elite liberal arts school serving wealthy white students). The first lesson, from an elementary school, concerns ethical, reflective practice. I discuss understanding my affect as a barometer of my ability to conduct research from a place of solidarity. The second lesson, which centers community inclusion and partnership, illustrates how I learned about the importance of 'before the beginning' conversations concerning social justice and conflict when working in elementary schools. The third lesson concerns community education, information dissemination, and building public awareness. This lesson, from a college, taught me that I could stand up and speak out against classism in the face of my career trajectory being threatened. With these lessons, I flesh out key aspects of community practice competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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17. Power as a Structural Phenomenon.
- Author
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Neal, Jennifer Watling and Neal, Zachary P.
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COMMUNITIES ,SOCIAL exchange ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,SOCIAL psychology ,SOCIAL interaction ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
In an effort to inform empowerment theory and research, this paper provides a structural conception of power. First, we examine the essential features present in three dominant conceptions of power in community psychology: social power, psychopolitical power, and relational power. Next, commonalities in the key features of power identified by these conceptions are explored and pared down to yield a more parsimonious conception of power that is grounded only in the structural pattern of relationships through which resources are exchanged. Drawing on social exchange theory, we offer a method for measuring this streamlined, structural conception of power that allows for its more precise examination. Finally, we discuss the implications of a structural conception and measurement of power for targeting and facilitating empowering processes and evaluating empowered outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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18. A Liberation Psychology Approach to Acculturative Integration of Migrant Populations.
- Author
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García-Ramírez, Manuel, de la Mata, Manuel L., Paloma, Virginia, and Hernández-Plaza, Sonia
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PSYCHOLOGY ,IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HUMAN settlements ,WESTERN countries - Abstract
This paper describes an acculturative integration approach that stresses the contribution of liberation psychology. Immigrant integration is a challenge for receiving countries in the Western world due to the frequent asymmetrical and oppressive conditions suffered by newcomers in their new settlements. The cross-cultural perspective connects integration with psychological acculturation, emphasizing harmony between acquisitions of the new culture while maintaining cultural heritage, and creating opportunities for intergroup relationships. In turn, liberation psychology permits an understanding of the acculturative transition as an empowerment and self-construction process by which immigrants acquire a new vision of the world and of themselves, transforming both structural conditions and themselves. From this perspective we conceptualize acculturative integration as the process by which newcomers become an accepted part of the new society through a reflexive and evaluative process, changing their social references and position, rebuilding their social and personal resources, and achieving a new agency in coherence with their new challenges and goals. In this process, they acquire critical thinking about unequal conditions, gain capacities to respond to the inequalities, and take effective actions to confront them. We illustrate this process using the narratives of nine Moroccan women who are living in asymmetrical and oppressive local contexts in Andalusia, the southern-most region of Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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19. Multiple Psychological Senses of Community in Afghan Context: Exploring Commitment and Sacrifice in an Underground Resistance Community.
- Author
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Brodsky, Anne E.
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY of women ,UNDERGROUND movements ,COMMUNITIES ,COMMUNITY psychology ,ORGANIZATIONAL behavior ,QUALITATIVE research ,AFGHANS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The study of positive outcomes associated with strong psychological sense of community (PSOC) has grown worldwide. Yet most research explores PSOC as a uni-dimensional (positive) variable operating in a single referent community. Theoretical and empirical literature has suggested, however, that PSOC can be positive, neutral or negative (Brodsky in J Commun Psychol 24(4):347–363, ; Brodsky et al. in Psychological sense of community: Research, applications and implications. Kluwer, New York ) and since people live in multiple physical and relational communities, there may be multiple PSOCs (M-PSOC) operating simultaneously and interactively (Brodsky and Marx in J Commun Psychol 29(2):1–18, ). This paper explores the operation of M-PSOC in the lives of Afghan women, and male supporters, who belonged to a resistance organization before, during and after the Taliban regime. Decisions to join and stay in this community can be explained, in part, through the differentiation of positive, organizational-level PSOC from negative, macro-community-level PSOC. In addition, M-PSOC suggests unique cultural meanings of the terms “community” and “choice.” Findings have implications for cross-cultural community work and for fostering resilient sub-communities in the face of macro and societal-level risks and oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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20. Challenges in Supporting Community Implementation of Science-based Programs: A Critical Review of Local Partnerships for Success Plans.
- Author
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Julian, David A., Ross, Melissa, and Partridge, Charles
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SCIENCE ,COMMUNITIES ,SOCIAL support ,PREVENTION ,RESEARCH institutes ,BUSINESS partnerships ,SOCIAL services ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper provides the opportunity to consider local challenges to implementing science-based programs. Wandersman et al. (American Journal of Community Psychology 2008) define three systems necessary to effectively implement science-based programming. These systems include the Prevention Support System, which is responsible for assisting communities in implementing effective practices; the Prevention Research System, which is responsible for developing and packaging prevention programming; and the Prevention Delivery System, which is responsible for delivering services. The authors conduct a content analysis related to six county level efforts to implement science-based programs in Ohio. These counties are part of a larger Ohio initiative referred to as Partnerships for Success. The authors suggest that local officials are quite skilled at accessing the Prevention Research System and providers at the local level represent an effective service delivery system. The authors contend that the Prevention Support System in these counties is capable of enhancing several functions related to local infrastructure but is deficient in other important elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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21. Indigenous community psychologies, decolonization, and radical imagination within ecologies of knowledges.
- Author
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Ciofalo, Nuria, Dudgeon, Patricia, and Nikora, Linda W.
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INDIGENOUS peoples ,PSYCHOLOGY ,COMMUNITIES ,WELL-being - Abstract
As the American Psychological Association Taskforce on Indigenous Psychology acknowledges, fidelity to the inalienable right to self‐determination is the ethical foundation of Indigenous psychology. The task of decolonizing psychology is not only about divesting from Eurocentric paradigms that have controlled and limited Indigenous wellbeing, but producing new paradigms founded on Indigenous knowledges. The Indigenous paradigm of social and emotional wellbeing is both a new therapeutic practice and theory of wellbeing. As the exploration of the domains of SEWB has shown, findings from the National Empowerment Project indicate that strengthening a connection to culture is identified as of highest importance to the flourishing of Indigenous individuals, families, and communities. Wellbeing in Abya Yala (the Americas) is conceived as Sumak Kawsay or Buen Vivir and Māori constructs of wellbeing as Hauora. These transnational wellbeing conceptualizations can be situated within a larger global health movement, which is centered on strengthening Indigenous cultures of wellbeing, and sustainable planet–people relationships. Indigenous community psychologies are not anthropocentric and are centered on the sacredness of nature, the cultivation of spirituality, and accountability to maintain harmonious ecosystem relationships. Indigenous community psychologies from Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, and Mexico are brought in plurilogue envisioning international solidarity networks that engage communities, activists, and committed student generations. Highlights: Indigenous community psychologies constitute global movements forging transnational solidaritiesIndigenous psychologies are not anthropocentric and promote holistic wellbeing.Embodied examples of Indigenous community psychologies trace hopeful pathways toward decoloniality.Transnational collaborations among Indigenous psychologists create innovative pedagogies.The inalienable right to self‐determination is the ethical foundation of Indigenous psychologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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22. Community Psychology Is (Thank God) More Than Science.
- Author
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Rappaport, Julian
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PSYCHOLOGY ,PHILOSOPHY ,SCIENCE & state ,COMMUNITY psychology ,APPLIED psychology ,SOCIAL psychology - Abstract
Thinking about Community Psychology primarily as a science may make it harder, rather than easier, to embrace certain aspects of the field to which we are deeply committed, but usually fall outside the conventional meaning of “doing science.” While community psychologists use (and expand) the tools of science, this is different than saying that Community Psychology is only, or even primarily, a science. The field is just as much social criticism as it is science. In order to further conversation about these matters, seven thoughts about why (thank God) community psychology is more than a science are offered, the most basic of which is that today the greatest danger to freedom is not in the union of church and state, but in the union of science and state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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23. Getting the Big Picture in Community Science: Methods That Capture Context.
- Author
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Luke, Douglas
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COMMUNITY organization ,INTERORGANIZATIONAL relations ,CONTEXT effects (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGY ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,SOCIAL networks - Abstract
Community science has a rich tradition of using theories and research designs that are consistent with its core value of contextualism. However, a survey of empirical articles published in theAmerican Journal of Community Psychologyshows that community scientists utilize a narrow range of statistical tools that are not well suited to assess contextual data. Multilevel modeling, geographic information systems (GIS), social network analysis, and cluster analysis are recommended as useful tools to address contextual questions in community science. An argument for increasedmethodological consilienceis presented, where community scientists are encouraged to adopt statistical methodology that is capable of modeling a greater proportion of the data than is typical with traditional methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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24. Mattering at the Intersection of Psychology, Philosophy, and Politics.
- Author
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Prilleltensky, Isaac
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY ,UTOPIAS ,POLITICAL psychology ,PHILOSOPHY ,HUMAN beings ,SOCIAL movements - Abstract
Mattering is an ideal state of affairs consisting of two complementary psychological experiences: feeling valued and adding value. Human beings can feel valued by, and add value to, self, others, work, and community. To make sure that the need for mattering is fulfilled, we must balance feeling valued with adding value. Moreover, we must balance adding value to self with adding value to others. Unfortunately, the dominant neoliberal philosophy does not support the values required to ensure the experience of mattering. Whereas a healthy and fair society would require equilibrium among values for personal, relational, and collective well‐being, the dominant philosophy in many parts of the world favors personal at the expense of relational and collective values. Neoliberal economic and social policies have resulted in diminished sense of mattering for millions of people. Some people respond to cultural pressures to achieve higher status by becoming depressive or aggressive. Some marginalized groups, in turn, support xenophobic, nationalistic, and populist policies in an effort to regain a sense of mattering. To make sure that everyone matters, we must align the psychology, philosophy, and politics of mattering. The political struggle for a just and equitable distribution of mattering takes place in social movements and the policy arena. The perils and promises of these efforts are considered. Highlights: Reviews the construct of mattering.Discusses mattering in the context of contemporary political debates.Relates mattering to existing constructs within community psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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25. Indigenizing and Decolonizing the Teaching of Psychology: Reflections on the Role of the Non‐Indigenous Ally.
- Author
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Schmidt, Heather
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY ,TRUTH commissions ,TRADITIONAL knowledge ,CHANGE (Psychology) ,FIRST Nations of Canada - Abstract
Canada's 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission published 94 Calls to Action including direction to post‐secondary institutions "to integrate Indigenous knowledge and teaching methods into classrooms" as well as to "build student capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect." In response, Canadian universities have rushed to "Indigenize" and are now competing to hire Indigenous faculty, from a limited pool of applicants. However, it is missing the true spirit of reconciliation for non‐Indigenous faculty to continue with the status quo while assigning the sole responsibility of Indigenizing curriculum to these new hires. How can non‐Indigenous psychology professors change their teaching to ensure that all students acquire an appreciation of traditional Indigenous knowledge about holistic health and healing practices, as well as an understanding of Canada's history of racist colonization practices and its intergenerational effects? Community psychologists, particularly those who have established relationships with Indigenous communities, have an important role to play. In this article, I survey the existing literature on Indigenizing and decolonizing psychological curriculum and share ways in which I have integrated Indigenous content into my psychology courses. I also reflect upon the successes, questions, and ongoing challenges that have emerged as I worked in collaboration with first Anisinaabek First Nations and then Mi'kmaw/L'nu First Nations. Highlights: Describes how and why non‐Indigenous psychology professors should integrate directives from the 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission into their teaching practices.Reflects on the successes, questions, and ongoing challenges of decolonizing and Indigenizing the teaching of psychology.The core values and practices of Community Psychology are particularly well suited to the endeavor of decolonizing and Indigenizing academia and its curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Teaching toward Decoloniality in Community Psychology and Allied Disciplines: Editorial Introduction.
- Author
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Carolissen, Ronelle L. and Duckett, Paul S.
- Subjects
COLONIZATION ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SUICIDE victims - Abstract
An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including the concepts of colonization and coloniality in Psychology and; the social and political issue of suicide among Indigenous youth; and addressing civic responsibility in teaching process.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A Pedagogical Response to Decoloniality: Decolonial Atmospheres and Rising Subjectivity.
- Author
-
Bell, Deanne
- Subjects
NEOLIBERALISM ,SUBJECTIVITY ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL change ,EDUCATION - Abstract
The neoliberal academy is, at its core, an apparatus through which coloniality sustains itself. Despite the academy's self‐promotion as a catalyzing institution that prepares students to become agents of social change and transformation, some students and faculty experience it as a crucible of oppression. In this essay I trace the beginnings of a project I was a part of in which I worked alongside students who demanded that a psychology program in the university be transformed into a force for decoloniality. I reflect on some of the conditions of coloniality that students actively resisted at one college and that exist elsewhere within the university. Juxtaposed against manifestations of coloniality in the university are synopses of student's experience of them. These synopses provide insight into why students have chosen to resist coloniality in the academy. I also outline a pedagogical response to coloniality that I created given students' desire for decoloniality. Finally, and with the permission of student artists, two liberation psychology student art projects are included to make visible the rise in subjectivity that becomes possible when a decolonial atmosphere is created within the university. Highlights: The neoliberal academy is a site of coloniality where dehumanization is experienced.Transformative psychologies exist and are effective tools for dismantling coloniality.Decolonial atmospheres are dialogical and affective spaces for engagement with social realities.Decolonial atmospheres spur increases in subjectivity.Decolonial atmospheres promote rehumanization including the realization ofdecolonial attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Critical Reflexivity in Indigenous and Cross‐cultural Psychology: A Decolonial Approach to Curriculum?
- Author
-
Castell, Emily, Bullen, Jonathan, Garvey, Darren, and Jones, Nicola
- Subjects
REFLEXIVITY ,ETHNOCENTRISM ,DECOLONIZATION ,HIGHER education ,SYMBOLIC interactionism - Abstract
Highlights: Critical reflexivity is a mechanism for working toward decoloniality in higher education.We analyzed Indigenous and cross‐cultural psychology students' written reflections.Analyses revealed that students negotiate experiences of discomfort and uncertainty in the classroom.Findings support the value of discomfort for prompting transformations among students.We pose a commentary on the tensions inherent to accompanying our students in this uncertain space. Critical reflexivity is a mechanism for working toward decoloniality in higher education, with the potential to prompt students' to critique the contexts in which they are embedded, and facilitate transformative learning. We present a critical examination of the tensions surrounding decoloniality and critical reflexivity in an undergraduate unit on Indigenous and cross‐cultural psychology at a large Australian university. We invited students in the unit to participate in a written reflexive exercise at the beginning (N = 44) and end of semester (N = 23) and analyzed these reflections qualitatively for level (four‐category scheme for coding) and content (causal layered analysis) of reflection. Findings suggest that, while students' primarily demonstrate reflective engagement at levels preordinate to critical reflexivity, they are also engaged in active and nuanced processes of negotiating discomfort and uncertainty in this space. We pose critical commentary on the notion of safety in teaching practice, and consider the role of the academic institution in parametrizing the decolonial stance. This research holds application and transferability to higher education settings, and for the enduring project of engaging a decolonial approach to the curriculum within psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Rape Myth Acceptance in Sexually Assaulted Adolescents' School Contexts: Associations with Depressed Mood and Alcohol Use.
- Author
-
Dworkin, Emily R., Sessarego, Stephanie N., Pittenger, Samantha L., Edwards, Katie M., and Banyard, Victoria L.
- Subjects
HIGH school students ,SEXUAL assault ,ALCOHOL drinking ,SEXUAL harassment in education ,RAPE victims ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CRIMES against students - Abstract
High school students exposed to sexual assault ( SA) are at risk for negative outcomes like depressed mood and high-risk drinking. Although evidence suggests that both social contexts and internalized stigma can affect recovery from SA, no research to date has directly examined the presence of stigma in social contexts such as high schools as a correlate of adjustment after SA. In this study, the self-reported rape myth acceptance ( RMA) of 3080 students from 97 grade cohorts in 25 high schools was used to calculate grade-mean and school-mean RMA, which was entered into multilevel models predicting depressed mood and alcohol use among N = 263 SA survivors within those schools. Two forms of RMA were assessed (i.e., rape denial and traditional gender expectations). Results indicate that higher grade-mean rape denial was associated with higher risk for depressed mood among high school boys and girls exposed to SA, and higher grade-mean traditional gender expectations were associated with higher risk for alcohol use among girls exposed to SA. Survivors' own RMA and school-level RMA were not significantly associated with their depressed mood or alcohol use. Although causality cannot be concluded, these findings suggest that interventions that reduce stigma in social contexts should be explored further as a strategy to improve well-being among high-school-aged survivors of SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Youth Homelessness and Vulnerability: How Does Couch Surfing Fit?
- Author
-
Curry, Susanna R., Morton, Matthew, Matjasko, Jennifer L., Dworsky, Amy, Samuels, Gina M., and Schlueter, David
- Subjects
HOMELESS youth ,HOMELESSNESS ,YOUTH psychology ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,HOUSEHOLDS ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
Youth homelessness is a problem characterized by high levels of vulnerability. The extent to which couch surfing - moving from one temporary housing arrangement to another - is part of youth homelessness is not well understood. Chapin Hall's Voices of Youth Count, a national research initiative, involves a multicomponent approach to studying youth homelessness. This study reports emerging findings regarding couch surfing and homelessness primarily from a national survey of 13,113 adults with youth ages 13-25 in their households or who are themselves ages 18-25. Findings suggest that couch surfing is relatively common, particularly among the older age group. Among households with 13- to 17-year-olds and 18- to 25-year-olds, 4.0% and 20.5%, respectively, reported that any of them had couch surfed in the last 12 months. There are notable social, economic, and educational differences, on average, between youth reporting homelessness and those reporting only couch surfing. However, most youth who report experiencing homelessness also report couch surfing, and these youth who experience both circumstances present high levels of socioeconomic vulnerability. Couch surfing encompasses a range of experiences, some of which likely include need for services. Interviews currently in the field, and expanded analysis of data, will contribute more nuanced policy insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Subjective Social Standing and Conflict Tactics Among Young Kenyan Men.
- Author
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Goodman, Michael L., Serag, Hani, Raimer‐Goodman, Lauren, Keiser, Philip, and Gitari, Stanley
- Subjects
VIOLENCE prevention ,INTIMATE partner violence ,PREVENTION of marital violence ,SELF-efficacy ,SOCIAL status ,SELF-esteem ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Efforts to reduce intimate partner violence in sub-Saharan Africa generally approach the issue through the lens of women's empowerment. These efforts include foci on women's relative power in the relationship, educational background, and earning potential. The social status of men has largely been ignored, reducing the potential to involve them in efforts to demote intimate partner violence. In this study we consider whether a man's perceived social status predicts conflict tactics, and whether these tactics are mediated by loneliness and collective self-esteem from a community-based sample in semi-rural Kenya ( n = 263). We find that men who reported lower perceived social status also reported significantly more frequent violent conflicts with their intimate partners. This association was significantly, and completely, mediated by lower collective self-esteem and higher loneliness. There was no direct association between subjective social status and negotiation-based conflict tactics, although there was an indirect association. Men with higher perceived social status reported higher collective self-esteem, and men with higher collective self-esteem reported more negotiation-based conflict tactics. These findings inform efforts to reduce intimate partner violence by involving men, showing potential to reduce violence by building self-esteem among men-particularly those with lower perceived social status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The Effects of Assisted Housing on Child Well-Being.
- Author
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Newman, Sandra and Holupka, C. Scott
- Subjects
HOUSING ,CHILD welfare ,SOCIAL work with children ,CHILD development ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The most rigorous research on the causal effects of assisted housing on children's outcomes finds no such effects. The present study uses rich longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, augmented with Census, American Community Survey and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development administrative data, to unpack these nil effects. Analyses include 194 children ( [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Network Analysis in Community Psychology: Looking Back, Looking Forward.
- Author
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Neal, Zachary P. and Neal, Jennifer Watling
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,SOCIAL network analysis ,SOCIAL context ,BEST practices ,COMMUNITY psychologists ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Network analysis holds promise for community psychology given the field's aim to understand the interplay between individuals and their social contexts. Indeed, because network analysis focuses explicitly on patterns of relationships between actors, its theories and methods are inherently extra-individual in nature and particularly well suited to characterizing social contexts. But, to what extent has community psychology taken advantage of this network analysis as a tool for capturing context? To answer these questions, this study provides a review of the use network analysis in articles published in American Journal of Community Psychology. Looking back, we describe and summarize the ways that network analysis has been employed in community psychology research to understand the range of ways community psychologists have found the technique helpful. Looking forward and paying particular attention to analytic issues identified in past applications, we provide some recommendations drawn from the network analysis literature to facilitate future applications of network analysis in community psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Interplay Between Housing Stability and Child Separation: Implications for Practice and Policy.
- Author
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Rog, Debra J., Henderson, Kathryn A., Lunn, Laurel M., Greer, Andrew L., and Ellis, Mei Ling
- Subjects
HOUSING ,SEPARATION (Psychology) ,HOMELESS families ,SOCIAL work with children ,CHILD welfare ,SERVICES for homeless people ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Greater understanding of how residential stability affects child separation and reunification among homeless families can guide both child welfare and homeless policy and practice. This article draws upon two longitudinal studies examining services and housing for homeless families and their relationship to family and housing stability. Both studies were conducted in the same state at roughly the same time with similar instruments. The first study, examining families' experiences and outcomes following entry into the homeless service system in three counties in Washington State, found that at 18 months following shelter entry, families that are intact with their children were significantly more likely to be housed in their own housing (46%) than families that were separated from one or more of their children (31%). The second study, a quasiexperimental evaluation of a supportive housing program for homeless families with multiple housing barriers, found that the rates of reunification for Child Protective Services (CPS)-involved families receiving supportive housing was comparable to that for families entering public housing without services, but significantly higher than the rate of reunification for families entering shelter. Taken together, the findings from both studies contribute to the evidence underscoring the importance of housing assistance to homeless families involved in the child welfare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Predicting Homelessness among Emerging Adults Aging Out of Foster Care.
- Author
-
Shah, Melissa Ford, Liu, Qinghua, Mark Eddy, J., Barkan, Susan, Marshall, David, Mancuso, David, Lucenko, Barbara, and Huber, Alice
- Subjects
HOMELESSNESS ,FOSTER home care ,ADULTS ,BIVARIATE analysis ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,HOUSING ,HUMAN services ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study examines risk and protective factors associated with experiencing homelessness in the year after 'aging out' of foster care. Using a state-level integrated administrative database, we identified 1,202 emerging adults in Washington State who exited foster care between July 2010 and June 2012. Initial bivariate analyses were conducted to assess the association between candidate predictive factors and an indicator of homelessness in a 12-month follow-up period. After deploying a stepwise regression process, the final logistic regression model included 15 predictive factors. Youth who were parents, who had recently experienced housing instability, or who were African American had approximately twice the odds of experiencing homelessness in the year after exiting foster care. In addition, youth who had experienced disrupted adoptions, had multiple foster care placements (especially in congregate care settings), or had been involved with the juvenile justice system were more likely to become homeless. In contrast, youth were less likely to experience homelessness if they had ever been placed with a relative while in foster care or had a high cumulative grade point average relative to their peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Pathways to Housing Policy: Translating Research to Policy to Achieve Impact on Well Being.
- Author
-
Samuels, Bryan
- Subjects
HOUSING policy ,CHILD welfare ,COMMUNITY services ,POLICY sciences ,TRANSLATIONAL research ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Policy emerges from the legislative, agency, and practice levels and from several pathways, including litigation; high profile or tragic events; community-based service provision and practice innovations; and research evidence. This commentary places an emphasis throughout on discussions of the articles included in this issue. It explores pathways that influenced the development of housing policy targeting child and family well being and provides examples to illustrate each pathway. The article further highlights how research on housing and child well being has influenced policy and practice and notes gaps for further research. It concludes with suggestions for structuring research to more effectively assist policymakers to make informed decisions that achieve positive change for children, youth, and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Impact of Family Unification Housing Vouchers on Child Welfare Outcomes.
- Author
-
Pergamit, Michael, Cunningham, Mary, and Hanson, Devlin
- Subjects
HOUSING vouchers ,FAMILY reunification services ,FAMILY reunification ,CHILD welfare ,CHILD abuse & psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study addresses whether providing housing vouchers through the Family Unification Program (FUP) to families involved in the child welfare system reduces child maltreatment and the need for child welfare services. The study uses child welfare administrative data on 326 children in Portland, Oregon, and 502 children in San Diego, California from the point at which their families were referred to the program through 18 months post-referral. Using a quasi-experimental waitlist comparison design, probit regressions show little impact of FUP on preventing child removal from home, but some positive impact on reunification among children already placed out of home. Hazard estimations show receipt of FUP speeds up child welfare case closure. Impacts on new reports of abuse and neglect are mixed, but point toward reduced reports. Low rates of removal among intact comparison families and high rates of reunification for children in out-of-home care suggest poor targeting of housing resources. Housing vouchers are being given to families not bearing the risks the program is intended to address. The presence of some positive findings suggests that housing vouchers might help reduce child welfare involvement if better targeting were practiced by child welfare agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Neighborhood Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Theory-Informed Analysis Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling.
- Author
-
Voith, Laura A. and Brondino, Michael J.
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,PUBLIC health ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,SOCIAL disorganization ,MULTILEVEL models ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Due to high prevalence rates and deleterious effects on individuals, families, and communities, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem. Because IPV occurs in the context of communities and neighborhoods, research must examine the broader environment in addition to individual-level factors to successfully facilitate behavior change. Drawing from the Social Determinants of Health framework and Social Disorganization Theory, neighborhood predictors of IPV were tested using hierarchical linear modeling. Results indicated that concentrated disadvantage and female-to-male partner violence were robust predictors of women's IPV victimization. Implications for theory, practice, and policy, and future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. When Research 'Unravels': One Community Psychologist's Tale of Becoming a Nepantlera.
- Author
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Silva, Janelle M.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychologists ,COMMUNITY psychology ,SELF (Philosophy) ,NARRATIVES ,RESEARCHER positionality ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This is an autoethnography of one community psychologist's reflections on the abrupt conclusion of a project that resulted in the dismantlement of a Latinx Student Union at a public middle school in the Pacific Northwest. Gloria Anzaldúa's ( Borderlands/La Frontera: The new mestiza, Aunt Lute Books, San Francisco, 2002) notion of nepantla is used to situate how an individual's personal identities often intersects with their professional identities in ways that collide within the research environment. Drawing on the 'heart work' core competencies within the field of community psychology ( The Community Psychologist, 45, 2012, 8; American Journal of Community Psychology, 55, 2015, 266) and extending the dialogue of feminist community psychologists engaged in narrative work ( American Journal of Community Psychology, 37, 2006, 157; American Journal of Community Psychology, 37, 2006, 267; Feminist research practice: A primer, Sage , Los Angeles, 2014; American Journal of Community Psychology, 28, 2000, 883), the author addresses why it is important for researchers of Color engaged in community collaborations to reflect on projects that have unraveled to understand how their positionality shifts within social contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Predicting the Emergence of Community Psychology and Community Development in 91 Countries with Brief Case Studies of Chile and Ghana.
- Author
-
Hanitio, Felicia and Perkins, Douglas D.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,COMMUNITY development ,SOCIAL change ,ACTIVISM ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Using a mixed-method analysis, we propose and test a framework for predicting the international development of community psychology ( CP) and community development ( CD) as two examples of applied community-based research ( CBR) disciplines aiming to link local knowledge generation with social change. Multiple regressions on an international sample of 91 countries were used to determine the relative influences of preexisting grassroots activism, population size, social and economic development, and civil liberties on estimates of the current strength of CP and CD based on Internet search and review of training courses and programs, published articles and journals, and professional organizations and conferences in these countries. Our results provide support for the proposed model and suggest that grassroots activism positively accounts for the development of CP and CD, above and beyond the influences of the other predictors. Brief qualitative case-study analyses of Chile (high CP, low CD) and Ghana (high CD, low CP) explore the limitations of our quantitative model and the importance of considering other historical, sociopolitical, cultural, and geographic factors for explaining the development of CP, CD, and other applied community studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Lamp Lighters and Sidewalk Smoothers: How Individual Residents Contribute to the Maintenance of the Urban Commons.
- Author
-
T. O'Brien, Daniel
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,COLLECTIVE behavior ,RESIDENTS ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,PUBLIC spaces ,METROPOLITAN areas ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Research on collective efficacy in urban neighborhoods has focused predominantly on whether a community can regulate local behavior and spaces and less on how they do so. This study pursues the latter question by examining the social regularities that create collective efficacy, measured as the behavioral composition of a neighborhood (i.e., the extent to which each individual contributes to a social regularity). This perspective is applied to the database of requests for nonemergency government services received by Boston, MA's 311 system in 2011 (>160,000 requests). The analysis categorized custodians who have used the system to combat physical disorder in the public space (e.g., requesting graffiti removal) into two groups--"typical custodians" who have made one or two requests in a year, and "exemplars" who have made three or more. A neighborhood's collective efficacy in reporting public issues was identified through audits of sidewalk quality and streetlight outages. Analyses revealed a collaborative model of maintenance in which typical and exemplar custodians were each necessary and non-substitutable. A second analysis found that the two types of custodian were associated with different contextual factors, articulating two different pathways from demographic and social characteristics to collective efficacy, suggesting implications for theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Leading the Way on Diversity: Community Psychology's Evolution from Invisible to Individual to Contextual.
- Author
-
Bond, Meg A.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY ,DIVERSITY in organizations ,RESEARCH ,THEORY - Abstract
To take up the AJCP editor's call to think forward in this article, I offer up three challenges that revolve around further contextualizing our understandings of diversity, i.e., reconsidering the notion of "difference" between discrete categories; more fully emphasizing diversity as socially situated; and further delving into local, setting-specific practices that shape the meanings of diversity. Enhanced attention to these three challenges can transform theory, research, and action about diversity as we move into community psychology's next 50 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The Long-Term Economic Benefits of Natural Mentoring Relationships for Youth.
- Author
-
Timpe, Zach C. and Lunkenheimer, Erika
- Subjects
MENTORING ,AFRICAN American youth ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,PSYCHOLOGY ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Natural mentors have been shown to help improve psychological and educational outcomes of youth, and may serve an important role for youth experiencing risk in the home. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we investigated the associations between natural mentors during youth and income during early adulthood, including how these relations were moderated by the absence of a father figure and race. We also estimated the lifetime economic benefits to having a natural mentor. The presence of a natural mentor alone did not have a significant impact on annual earnings during adulthood. However, youth without a father but who had a male mentor earned significantly more, on average, than those without a male mentor. These effects were more pronounced in a subsample of African American youth. The net present value of total lifetime benefits to having a male natural mentor was approximately $190,000 for all fatherless youth and $458,000 for African American fatherless youth. These results suggest that natural mentors play a crucial role in economic outcomes for youth, which may vary by sociodemographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The Role of Neighborhood in the Development of Aggression in Urban African American Youth: A Multilevel Analysis.
- Author
-
Romero, Edna, Richards, Maryse H., Harrison, Patrick R., Garbarino, James, and Mozley, Michaela
- Subjects
AGGRESSION (Psychology) ,AFRICAN American youth ,URBAN life ,CHILD development ,MULTILEVEL models ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of neighborhood disadvantage and perceptions of neighborhood on the development of aggressive behavior among a sample of urban low-income African American middle school aged youth (mean age = 11.65 years). Results of hierarchical linear modeling indicated that youth experienced significant changes in rates of aggression across the three middle school years, and that on average, negative youth perceptions of neighborhood predicted increases in aggression. Both parent and youth perceptions of neighborhood disadvantage trended toward significance as a moderator between objective neighborhood characteristics and aggression. These results are in accordance with past research, which suggests that personal evaluations of the disadvantage of a neighborhood influence child development and behavior. Future studies should examine the role that perceptions play in youth development, as well as in interventions geared towards thwarting youth aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Neighborhood and Housing Disorder, Parenting, and Youth Adjustment in Low-Income Urban Families.
- Author
-
Jocson, Rosanne M. and McLoyd, Vonnie C.
- Subjects
LOW-income parents ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,PARENTING ,YOUTH psychology ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,CITY dwellers ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Using two waves of data, this study examined relations among neighborhood and housing disorder, parents' psychological distress, parenting behaviors, and subsequent youth adjustment in a low-income, multiethnic sample of families with children aged 6-16. Results supported the hypothesized indirect relation between disorder and youth outcomes via parenting processes. Higher levels of neighborhood and housing disorder were associated with higher levels of parents' psychological distress, which was in turn related to more frequent use of harsh and inconsistent discipline strategies and lower parental warmth. More frequent use of harsh and inconsistent discipline was associated with higher levels of youth internalizing and externalizing behaviors 3 years later. Housing disorder contributed more strongly to parents' psychological distress than neighborhood disorder, whereas neighborhood disorder contributed more strongly to youth externalizing behaviors compared to housing disorder. Multiple-group analyses showed that the patterns of relations were similar for younger and older children, and for girls and boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Disclosure Experiences of Sexual Minority College Student Victims of Intimate Partner Violence.
- Author
-
Sylaska, Kateryna M. and Edwards, Katie M.
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,MINORITY college students ,SEXUAL minority students ,CRIMES against students ,SAME-sex relationships ,SOCIAL support ,LESBIAN students ,PSYCHOLOGY of gay students ,BISEXUAL students ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Although research on disclosure following intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is burgeoning, sexual minority young adults' (lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, questioning, etc.; LGBQ+) experiences have not received equal attention. The current study employed the minority stress framework to examine disclosure experiences of LGBQ+ college students across the United States reporting physical IPV victimization within their current relationship ( n = 77). Participants completed measures assessing minority stress and IPV disclosure, and answered open-ended questions regarding the most and least helpful persons/responses to disclosure or reasons for non-disclosure. Results indicated that approximately one-third (35 %) of victims disclosed to at least one person, with friends being the most common recipients. Thematic analyses indicated that talking or listening to the victim was considered the most helpful response and not understanding the situation least helpful. Reasons for non-disclosure centered on themes of the victims' perception that the IPV was not a big deal. Quantitative findings regarding physical IPV disclosure indicated that non-disclosers experienced greater minority stress than disclosers. The current study suggests the presence of differences between sexual minority (i.e., LGBQ +persons) and non-sexual minority persons, as well as between LGBQ+ young adults/college students and older adults and presents a theoretical structure (i.e., minority stress framework) through which these differences may be understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Correlates of Homeless Episodes Among Indigenous People.
- Author
-
Whitbeck, Les B., Crawford, Devan M., and Sittner Hartshorn, Kelley J.
- Subjects
HOMELESSNESS ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,STATISTICAL correlation ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study reports the correlates of homeless episodes among 873 Indigenous adults who are part of an ongoing longitudinal study on four reservations in the Northern Midwest and four Canadian First Nation reserves. Descriptive analyses depict differences between those who have and have not experienced an episode of homelessness in their lifetimes. Multivariate analyses assess factors associated with a history of homeless episodes at the time of their first interview and differentiate correlates of 'near homelessness' (i.e., doubling up) and 'homeless episodes' (periods of actual homelessness). Results show that individuals with a history of homeless episodes had significantly more individual and family health, mental health, and substance abuse problems. Periods of homelessness also were associated with financial problems. Among the female caretakers who experienced episodes of homelessness over the course of the study, the majority had been homeless at least once prior to the start of the study and approximately one-fifth met criteria for lifetime alcohol dependence, drug abuse, or major depression. Family adversity during childhood was also common for women experiencing homelessness during the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. 'Just Beyond my Front Door': Public Discourse Experiences of Children Adopted from China.
- Author
-
Vashchenko, M., D'Aleo, M., and Pinderhughes, E. E.
- Subjects
INTERRACIAL adoption ,PARENTING ,ETHNICITY ,BICULTURALISM ,RISK ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The phenotypic differences between children and their adoptive parents in transracial adoptions make the child's adoptive status readily apparent in public. Consequently, adoptees field more frequent questions and comments about the adoption. The present study examines the nature of public conversations about ethnicity and adoption of 41 elementary school age girls adopted from China and the ecological factors related to less frequent occurrences of such conversations and to the positive nature of these experiences. Results indicate that family structure (single parent vs. two parents) and parental bicultural competence predict membership in the favorable condition (reporting fewer public interaction experiences and reporting more positive experiences, respectively). Child's age and racial diversity of the town of residence do not predict these outcomes. Implications for families, adoption professionals, teachers and researchers are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. From the Macro to the Micro: A Geographic Examination of the Community Context and Early Adolescent Problem Behaviors.
- Author
-
Chilenski, Sarah M.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY services ,ADOLESCENT psychology ,TOBACCO industry ,RETAIL industry ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study examined how multiple dimensions and levels of the community context associated with early adolescent problem behaviors in rural communities. Four thousand, five hundred and nine eighth-grade students in 28 rural and small town school districts in two states participated in surveys regarding substance use and delinquency in 2005. Locations of alcohol retailers, tobacco retailers, youth-serving organizations, and student residences were geocoded. Associations of the number of proximal alcohol and tobacco retailers, and youth-serving organizations with an early-adolescent problem behavior index were tested in Nonlinear Mixed Models that controlled for multiple district-level and individual characteristics. Multi-level model results demonstrated that the number of alcohol and tobacco retail locations within a one-mile radius of each adolescent's home positively associated with student-reported problem behaviors above and beyond the influence of school district and individual characteristics. Results suggest that the proximal community context added significantly to the district context when understanding the occurrence of early adolescent problem behaviors. Recognizing this variability in geographically determined risk within a community will likely enhance the effectiveness of community prevention activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Economic Hardship, Neighborhood Context, and Parenting: Prospective Effects on Mexican-American Adolescent's Mental Health.
- Author
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Gonzales, Nancy A., Coxe, Stefany, Roosa, Mark W., White, Rebecca M. B., Knight, George P., Zeiders, Katharine H., and Saenz, Delia
- Subjects
MEXICAN American teenagers ,SOCIAL conditions of youth ,TEENAGERS ,NEIGHBORHOODS ,SOCIAL status ,MEXICAN American mothers ,MEXICAN American families ,PARENT attitudes ,PARENTING ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study examined family and neighborhood influences relevant to low-income status to determine how they combine to predict the parenting behaviors of Mexican-American mothers and fathers. The study also examined the role of parenting as a mediator of these contextual influences on adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Study hypotheses were examined in a diverse sample of Mexican-American families in which 750 mothers and 467 fathers reported on their own levels of parental warmth and harsh parenting. Family economic hardship, neighborhood familism values, and neighborhood risk indicators were all uniquely associated with maternal and paternal warmth, and maternal warmth mediated the effects of these contextual influences on adolescent externalizing symptoms in prospective analyses. Parents' subjective perceptions of neighborhood danger interacted with objective indicators of neighborhood disadvantage to influence maternal and paternal warmth. Neighborhood familism values had unique direct effects on adolescent externalizing symptoms in prospective analyses, after accounting for all other context and parenting effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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