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From a crude streptomyces griseus 'animal protein factor' feed supplement in which a corticotropin had been found, an acid eluate of charcoal adsorbate was prepared. In 2 milligram oral daily doses this eluate not only reversed the myeloplastic and cholinergic effects of aminopterin poisoning in weanling rats, but evoked accelerated growth and hemopoiesis in the face of aminopterin administration. It is concluded that the original fermentation broth contained an erythropoietin and a somatotropin in addition to the corticotropin. Since intestinal commensal organisms including those classified among the enterobacteriacae have been shown to be a source of corticotropin, it is postulated that microbial sources, including the intestinal flora can engender somatotropic and erythropoietic factors similar to those, or precursors to those produced by the adenohypophysis. It is further postulated that pituitary erythropoietin precursor arises from the intestinal flora, is a transient constituent of intestinal mucosa and liver and reaches the anterior pituitary where it is modified to its final elaborate; erythropoietic hormone, EPH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ingestion of 2 mg. per kilo per day of water-soluble cupri-chlorophyllins (Chloresium) protected weanling rats on a milk diet from aminopterin toxicity in each of seven experimental series. Similar protection was observed in one series of rats on a standard laboratory diet and in one series on laboratory diet supplemented with fresh greens. In a single screening series, some protection of aminopterin-poisoned rats on a milk diet was forthcoming from administration of terramycin at 2 mg. per kilo per day, from Renshaw's mammalian intestinal mucosa extract and from the parenteral administration of human plasma cholinesterase. Coprogen did not prolong survival under present experimental conditions. Availability of iron for hemoglobin synthesis from ferri-dihydroporphyrin (ferri-chlorophyllin) where the iron is chelated, in aminopterin-poisoned weanling rats on a milk diet, was not demonstrated. The mechanism of chlorophyllin abrogation of aminopterin toxicity is analyzed. It is concluded that this does not result from chemical inactivation of aminopterin in vitro or in vivo. It may act as a formyl donor. However, chlorophyllin may also act by reversion of the fecal flora of ingesting animals in the same way as do other APF substances (mycin antibiotics, 11-oxysteroids and unidentified factors found in streptomyces fermentation residues). The findings are presented because of the serious toxicity limitations of folic-acids in neoplastic disease. While their clinical use is probably on the wane, as long as they are so used, any knowledge of their counteraction is of clinical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Horse gastric mucin differentially pseudoagglutinates human erythrocyte suspensions. Suggestions of a selective trend toward pseudoagglutination of Hr positive samples is noticed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation of a porcine parotid mucoprotein fraction which selectively agglutinates human Rh positive erythrocytes, is described. Solutions of the extract parallel the effect of antiserums of human sources. From a morphologic study of the effect on Rh positive erythrocytes, of porcine parotid extract in various protein menstruums, it is concluded that there is no essential differences between Rh blocking antibody effect and Rh clumping, both being instances of pseudoagglutination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial gastric mucin designed for the treatment of human gastric ulcer contains an Rh antibody of the blocking type. The significance of the presence of this antibody in a porcine product is unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]