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OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of physical activity (PA) companions in supporting PA participation among African American women. METHODS: Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus groups. Fifteen physically active African American women participated in the study. Grounded theory data analysis techniques were used to develop a taxonomy depicting roles of PA companions for African American women. RESULTS: PA companions functioned in 4 different roles: motivational, social, facilitative, and instructional. Supportive behaviors associated with each role were also elucidated. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide an understanding for the function of companions in sustaining active lifestyle that can be used to inform intervention development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]