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Objective: The aim of the study is to clarify the interactive combinations of clinical factors associated with knee extension strength 2 yrs after total knee arthroplasty. Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 264 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Knee extension strength was assessed preoperatively, 3 wks, and 2 yrs after total knee arthroplasty. Physical functions were measured with 10-m walking test, Timed Up and Go test, one-leg standing time, isometric knee flexion strength, knee joint stability, knee pain, femora-tibial angle, and passive knee extension and flexion angle before surgery as a baseline and 3 wks after total knee arthroplasty as acute phase. Regression tree analysis was conducted to clarify the interactive combinations that accurately predict the knee extension strength 2 yrs after total knee arthroplasty. Results: Operational side knee extension strength (>1.00 Nm/kg) at acute phase was the primal predictor for the highest knee extension strength at 2 yrs after total knee arthroplasty. Acute phase Timed Up andGo test (=10.13 secs) and baseline 10-m walking test (=11.72 secs) was the second predictor. Acute phase nonoperative side knee extension strength (>0.90 Nm/kg) was also selected as the predictor. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that knee extension strength or Timed Up and Go test in the acute phase and 10-m walking test before total knee arthroplasty are useful for estimating the knee extension strength after total knee arthroplasty. The results will help determine specific postoperative rehabilitation goals and training options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]