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Russia is one of the most important countries supporting the Palestinian cause. Since the signing of the Oslo Accords with the Israeli side that led to the establishment of the Palestinian Authority in 1994, the Palestinian-Russian relations have witnessed great progress, not only in the political aspects but also in the economic aspects through the signing of several trade agreements. This paper aims to understand the reality and characteristics of the Palestinian-Russian trade relationship since the stage of autonomy after the signing of the Oslo Agreement in 1994 until the current stage. It also defines the basic characteristics of these relations, the factors influencing them, and orienting the future prospects of this relationship. This study used mainly the descriptive approach. Further, it used the analytical method, which based on data analysis of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics and its adaptation to serve the research. The study concluded that Russian trade relations are greatly affected by the political events taking place in the Palestinian arena. In addition, this relation is also affected by the economic, financial and commercial obstacles. Further, the policies imposed by the Israeli occupation on the Palestinian borders, on the movement of people and goods and the low level of performance of the Palestinian economy also affect the Palestinian-Russian trade relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]