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Calcium is one of the minerals involved in various cellular operations, as well as in bone structure, coagulation and intracellular signals. In this paper the concentration of calcium in blood serum and colostrum of nursing mothers who attended the Maternity Dr. José Maria Vargas. Valencia, Edo. Carabobo was determined. The sample consisted of 50 lactating women, aged 18-35 years. We performed: clinical evaluation development of medical history. Colostrum collection by manual removal standardized by WHO. It was took peripheral blood sample (10 ml) by venipuncture; calcium concentration was determined in colostrum and blood serum by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in the form of flame, using Perkin Elmer model 3100. Results: The mean age of 24.5 ± 32 years; calcium concentration in colostrum from 209.98 to 251.54 mg/ mL without significant association between age and calcium values grouped into percentiles. The concentration of calcium in blood serum predominated in the 25th percentile with values = 1.414mmol/L; calcium concentrations in colostrum = 251.55 mg/ mL; most nursing mothers were located in strata III, IV and V. It is concluded that the average calcium concentrations in colostrum samples and blood serum of the study population were normal in the upper limit for colostrum, and the lower limit in blood serum, with significant association to socioeconomic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]