1. Quantitative Detection of Fipronil and Fipronil-Sulfone in Sera of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs and Rats after Oral Exposure to Fipronil by Camel Single-Domain Antibody-Based Immunoassays.
- Author
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Wang K, Vasylieva N, Wan D, Eads DA, Yang J, Tretten T, Barnych B, Li J, Li QX, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, and Xu T
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Immunization, Insecticides administration & dosage, Insecticides immunology, Insecticides metabolism, Pyrazoles administration & dosage, Pyrazoles immunology, Pyrazoles metabolism, Rats, Sciuridae, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Insecticides blood, Pyrazoles blood, Single-Domain Antibodies immunology
- Abstract
The insecticide fipronil can be metabolized to its sulfone in mammalian species. Two camel single-domain antibodies (VHHs) F1 and F6, selective to fipronil and fipronil-sulfone, respectively, were generated and used to develop enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of the two compounds in the sera of black-tailed prairie dogs and rats. The limits of detection of fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in the rodent sera by the corresponding ELISAs were 10 and 30 ng mL
-1 , and the linear ranges were 30-1000 and 75-2200 ng mL-1 . ELISAs showed a good recovery for fipronil and fipronil-sulfone cospiked in the control sera of the black-tailed prairie dogs (90-109%) and rats (93-106%). The VHH-based ELISAs detected fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in the sera of the rodents that received a repeated oral administration of fipronil. The average concentration of fipronil-sulfone was approximately 3.2-fold higher than fipronil in the prairie dog sera (1.15 vs 0.36 μg mL-1 ) and rat sera (1.77 vs 0.53 μg mL-1 ). ELISAs agreed well with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the quantification of both fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in real serum samples. Fipronil-sulfone was identified as the predominant metabolite of fipronil in the black-tailed prairie dog and rat sera.- Published
- 2019
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