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Unlabelled: We describe a technique for endobronchial surgery with the neodynium:yttium-aluminum-garnet laser, in which an insufflation catheter with side holes placed into the contralateral mainstem bronchus is used for high-frequency positive pressure ventilation. Thirty-five patients (45 procedures) were treated during general anesthesia using a rigid bronchoscope in combination with a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Perioperatively, oxygen saturation (SaO2), mean arterial pressure, and heart rate were recorded. SaO2 during the recovery period was comparable to that during the intraoperative period but was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that before the induction of anesthesia. There was a considerable (> or = 5%) increase in SaO2 at the end of the treatment in six patients, which indicates that the recanalization of the treated airway was successful. Our data support the assumption that, during endobronchial resection, selective ventilation of the nonaffected lung was adequate; in addition, subcarinal placement of the insufflation catheter with side holes was advantageous. We conclude that this technique contributes to the prevention of lung complications during endobronchial laser surgery., Implications: We describe a technique in which an insufflation catheter with side holes placed into the contralateral mainstem bronchus largely prevented inhalation of laser smoke and aspiration of blood and debris.