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Multi‐dimensional force sensing that combines intensity, location, area and the like could gather a wealth of information from mechanical stimuli. Developing materials with force‐induced optical and electrical dual responses would provide unique opportunities to multi‐dimensional force sensing, with electrical signals quantifying the force amplitude and the luminescence output providing spatial distribution of force. However, the reliance on external power supply and high‐energy excitation source brings significant challenges to the applicability of multi‐dimensional force sensors. Here we reported the mechanical energy‐driven and sunlight‐activated materials with force‐induced dual responses, and investigated the underlying mechanisms of self‐sustainable force sensing. Theoretical analysis and experimental data unraveled that trap‐controlled luminescence and interfacial electron transfer play a major role in force‐induced optical and electrical output. These materials were manufactured into pressure sensor with renewable dual‐mode output for quantifying and visualization of pressures by electrical and optical output, respectively, without power supply and high‐energy irradiation. The quantification of tactile sensation and stimuli localization of mice highlighted the multi‐dimensional sensing ability of the sensor. Overall, this self‐powered pressure sensor with multimodal output provides more modalities of force sensing, poised to change the way that intelligent devices sense with the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recycling of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (CFRCs) based on thermosetting plastics is difficult. In the present study, high‐performance CFRCs are fabricated through complexation of aromatic pinacol‐cross‐linked polyurethane (PU−AP) thermosets with carbon fiber (CF) cloths. PU−AP thermosets exhibit a breaking strength of 95.5 MPa and toughness of 473.6 MJ m−3 and contain abundant hydrogen‐bonding groups, which can have strong adhesion with CFs. Because of the high interfacial adhesion between CF cloths and PU−AP thermosets and high toughness of PU−AP thermosets, CF/PU−AP composites possess a high tensile strength of >870 MPa. Upon heating in N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at 100 °C, the aromatic pinacols in the CF/PU−AP composites can be cleaved, generating non‐destructive CF cloths and linear polymers that can be converted to high‐performance elastomers. The elastomers are mechanically robust, healable, reprocessable, and damage‐resistant with an extremely high tensile strength of 74.2 MPa and fracture energy of 149.6 kJ m−2. As a result, dissociation of CF/PU−AP composites enables the recovery of reusable CF cloths and high‐performance elastomers, thus realizing the upcycling of CF/PU−AP composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The site‐specific activation of bioorthogonal prodrugs has provided great opportunities for reducing the severe side effects of chemotherapy. However, the precise control of activation location, sustained drug production at the target site, and high bioorthogonal reaction efficiency in vivo remain great challenges. Here, we propose the construction of tumor cell membrane reactors in vivo to solve the above problems. Specifically, tumor‐targeted liposomes with efficient membrane fusion capabilities are generated to install the bioorthogonal trigger, the amphiphilic tetrazine derivative, on the surface of tumor cells. These predecorated tumor cells act as many living reactors, transforming the tumor into a "drug factory" that in situ activates an externally delivered bioorthogonal prodrug, for example intratumorally injected transcyclooctene‐caged doxorubicin. In contrast to the rapid elimination of cargo that is encapsulated and delivered by liposomes, these reactors permit stable retention of bioorthogonal triggers in tumor for 96 h after a single dose of liposomes via intravenous injection, allowing sustained generation of doxorubicin. Interestingly, an additional supplement of liposomes will compensate for the trigger consumed by the reaction and significantly improve the efficiency of the local reaction. This strategy provides a solution to the efficacy versus safety dilemma of tumor chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition metal catalysts (TMCs) mediated bioorthogonal uncaging catalysis has sparked increasing interest in prodrug activation. However, due to their "always‐on" catalytic activity as well as the complex and catalytic‐detrimental intracellular environment, the biosafety and therapeutic efficiency of TMCs are unsatisfactory. Herein, a DNA‐gated and self‐protected bioorthogonal catalyst has been designed by modifying nanozyme‐Pd0 with highly programmable nucleic acid (DNA) molecules to achieve efficient intracellular drug synthesis for cancer therapy. Monolayer DNA molecules could endow the catalyst with targeting and perform as a gatekeeper to achieve selective prodrug activation within cancer cells. Meanwhile, the prepared graphitic nitrogen‐doped carbon nanozyme with glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT)‐like activities could improve the catalytic‐detrimental intracellular environment to prevent the catalyst from being inactivated and sensitize the subsequent chemotherapy. Overall, we believe that our work will promote the development of secure and efficient bioorthogonal catalytic systems and provide new insights into novel antineoplastic platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by Pd‐based transition metal catalysts has sparked increasing interest in combating diseases. However, the catalytic and therapeutic efficiency of current Pd0 catalysts is unsatisfactory. Herein, inspired by the concept that ligands around metal sites could enable enzymes to catalyze astonishing reactions by changing their electronic environment, a LM‐Pd catalyst with liquid metal (LM) as an unusual modulator has been designed to realize efficient bioorthogonal catalysis for tumor inhibition. The LM matrix can serve as a "ligand" to afford an electron‐rich environment to stabilize the active Pd0 and promote nucleophilic turnover of the π‐allylpalladium species to accelerate the uncaging process. Besides, the photothermal properties of LM can lead to the enhanced removal of tumor cells by photo‐enhanced catalysis and photothermal effect. We believe that our work will broaden the application of LM and motivate the design of bioinspired bioorthogonal catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial cell factories reinvigorate current industries by producing complex fine chemicals at low costs. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is the main reducing power to drive the biosynthetic pathways in microorganisms. However, insufficient intrinsic NADPH limits the productivity of microorganisms. Here, we report that supplying microorganisms with long‐lived electrons from persistent phosphor mesoporous Al2O3 (meso‐Al2O3) can elevate the NADPH level to facilitate efficient fine chemical production. The defects in meso‐Al2O3 were demonstrated to be highly efficient in prolonging electrons' lifetime. The long‐lived electrons in meso‐Al2O3 can pass the material–microorganism interface and power the biosynthetic pathways of E. coli to produce jet fuel farnesene. This work represents a reliable strategy to design photo‐biosynthesis systems to improve the productivity of microorganisms with solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring microbial metabolism is vital for biomanufacturing processes optimization. However, it remains a grand challenge to offer insight into microbial metabolism due to particularly complex and dynamic processes. Here, we report an electron‐sensing probe Zn2GeO4:Mn@Fe3+ for real‐time and dynamic monitoring of Fe(III) respiration metabolism. The quenched persistent luminescence of Zn2GeO4:Mn@Fe3+ is recovered when Fe3+ accepted electrons from the dynamic Fe(III) respiration metabolism, enabling the real‐time monitoring of microbial metabolism. The probe shows the capability to verify the role of related biomolecules in microbial Fe(III) respiration metabolism, to track the dynamic Fe(III) respiration metabolic response to environmental stress and microbial co‐culture interactions. Furthermore, the Zn2GeO4:Mn@Fe3+ probe provides guidance for improving biosynthesis efficiency by monitoring Fe redox recycling in microbial co‐culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]