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Simple Summary: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 is a phosphaturic hormone. The information regarding reference intervals (RIs) of FGF-23 in cats is limited. We aimed to establish RIs in a large cohort of clinically healthy cats and to investigate correlations with sex and age. A total of 118 cats with unremarkable complete blood count and serum chemistry profiles were included. RIs were calculated using the reference interval advisor software 2.1 (Microsoft Excel). The RI for FGF-23 concentrations spanned 85.8 to 387.0 pg/mL (90% confidence interval: lower limit 40.5 to 103.9 pg/mL, upper limit: 354.6 to 425.0 pg/mL). No significant relationships (r2 = 0.044) were detected with age (p = 0.081) or sex (p = 0.191). Other studies of the same diagnostic assay calculated RIs of 56 to 700 pg/mL in 79 cats and <336 pg/mL in 108 cats, and concordance with the present study did not detect any correlation with sex or age. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 is a phosphaturic hormone. An association between increasing FGF-23 levels and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was documented in cats, dogs, and humans. The information regarding reference intervals (RIs) of FGF-23 in cats is limited. We aimed to establish RIs in a large cohort of clinically healthy cats and to investigate correlations with sex and age. A total of 118 cats with unremarkable complete blood count and serum chemistry profile were included. Clinically sick cats, cats with concurrent diseases, suspicion of CKD, or receiving renal diets were excluded. FGF-23 concentrations were measured with the FGF-23 ELISA Kit. RIs were calculated using the reference interval advisor software 2.1 (Microsoft Excel). FGF-23 concentrations were correlated with sex and age. The RI for FGF-23 concentrations spanned 85.8 to 387.0 pg/mL (90% confidence interval: lower limit 40.5 to 103.9 pg/mL, upper limit: 354.6 to 425.0 pg/mL). No significant relationships (r2 = 0.044) were detected with age (p = 0.081) or sex (p = 0.191). Other studies of the same diagnostic assay calculated RIs of 56 to 700 pg/mL in 79 cats and <336 pg/mL in 108 cats, and in concordance with the present study, did not detect any correlation with sex or age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is an important diagnostic test for a neurological canine patient. For this analysis, the total nucleated cell count and differential cell counts are routinely taken, but both involve time-consuming manual methods. The Sysmex XN-V body fluid mode is a specific setting used for analyzing different body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid samples, while the deep-learning-based algorithm generated by the Olympus VS200 slide scanner allows recognition and classification of various cell types on scanned slides. In this study, the faster automated methods mentioned above were assessed by comparing them with the manual methods for both the total nucleated and differential cell counts. Manually set gates were used for the Sysmex body fluid mode following incorrect cell classifications recorded when using the predefined settings. This study demonstrates that automated methods may be used for total nucleated cell count assessments in canine cerebrospinal fluid samples, but optimization is still needed for both differential counts. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is an important diagnostic test when assessing a neurological canine patient. For this analysis, the total nucleated cell count and differential cell counts are routinely taken, but both involve time-consuming manual methods. To investigate faster automated methods, in this study, the Sysmex XN-V body fluid mode and the deep-learning-based algorithm generated by the Olympus VS200 slide scanner were compared with the manual methods in 161 canine cerebrospinal fluid samples for the total nucleated cell count and in 65 samples with pleocytosis for the differential counts. Following incorrect gating by the Sysmex body fluid mode, all samples were reanalyzed with manually set gates. The Sysmex body fluid mode then showed a mean bias of 15.19 cells/μL for the total nucleated cell count and mean biases of 4.95% and −4.95% for the two-part differential cell count, while the deep-learning-based algorithm showed mean biases of −7.25%, −0.03% and 7.27% for the lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytoid cells, respectively. Based on our findings, we propose that the automated Sysmex body fluid mode be used to measure the total nucleated cell count in canine cerebrospinal fluid samples after making adjustments to the predefined settings from the manufacturer. However, the two-part differential count of the Sysmex body fluid mode and the deep-learning-based algorithm require some optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a biomarker for the monitoring of chronic kidney disease in humans. The clinical relevance of FGF-23 in dogs is largely unknown. The aim of this study was (1) to show the intra- and interassay precision of the Kainos ELISA FGF-23 kit, (2) to determine a reference interval for FGF-23 in dogs, and (3) to investigate the possible correlations of the FGF-23 concentrations with other hematological and biochemical parameters. The coefficient of variation was <15% for both the intra- and interassay precision. The reference interval ranged between 95.8 (90% confidence interval: 44.6; 139.2) and 695.1 pg/mL (598.7; 799.1) in 136 clinically healthy dogs. For the correlation analysis, four groups were retrospectively formed based on the creatinine concentration classification according to the IRIS guidelines, including 10 dogs each. Strong positive correlations were detected between the FGF-23 concentration and the renal parameters. Statistically significant differences in the FGF-23 concentrations were demonstrated between study groups I and III (p < 0.001), I and IV (p < 0.001), and II and IV (p = 0.005). Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone used to monitor chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the intra- and interassay precision of the FGF-23 concentrations in dogs as measured via the Kainos ELISA FGF-23 kit, (2) to calculate a reference interval, and (3) to assess the correlation of the FGF-23 concentration with the hematological and biochemical parameters. The coefficient of variation was below 15% for both the intra- and interassay precision, indicating good reproducibility. The reference interval ranged between 95.8 (90% confidence interval: 44.6; 139.2) and 695.1 pg/mL (598.7; 799.1) based on 136 clinically healthy dogs, classified as such according to the information of treating veterinarians as well as the unremarkable results of hematology and biochemistry. The FGF-23 concentration differed significantly between dogs aged <9 and ≥9 years (p = 0.045). Four groups of 10 dogs each were retrospectively formed based on the creatinine concentration classification according to the IRIS staging. Correlation was the strongest for the renal parameters. Statistically significant differences in the FGF-23 concentration were demonstrated between the study groups I and III (p < 0.001), I and IV (p < 0.001), and II and IV (p = 0.005). There was a trend for a rising FGF-23 concentration in older dogs. Due to the wide reference interval, diagnostic cut-offs and/or subject-based FGF-23 reference values in each dog are needed for monitoring and clinical interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is used to monitor chronic kidney disease in humans. The value of FGF-23 in cats is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to compare three different FGF-23 diagnostic assays and to assess their correlation with renal function parameters in cats. Four groups were formed retrospectively on the basis of creatinine concentration classification according to the IRIS guidelines. Measurements were performed in 40 cats in total. The Kainos ELISA assay (FGF-23 ELISA Kit, Kainos Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan) showed the highest correlations for all study groups. Individual assay-based reference values should be established to make a reliable interpretation of FGF-23 levels possible to diagnose or monitor feline CKD. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone used to monitor chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans. The aim of this pilot study was to compare three diagnostic assays and to assess how the results correlate with parameters of renal dysfunction in cats. Four groups of 10 cats each were formed retrospectively according to creatinine, based on IRIS staging. FGF-23 was measured using two different ELISAs (MyBioSource and Kainos ELISA FGF-23 Kit) and an automated assay on the DiaSorin Liaison platform. Measurements were performed in 40 cats. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation between the Kainos and DiaSorin assays (ρ = 0.742/p < 0.001) and a low correlation (ρ = 0.443/p = 0.005) between the Kainos and MyBioSource assays. The measurements with the Kainos assay strongly correlated with urea (ρ = 0.835/p < 0.001) and creatinine (ρ = 0.764/p < 0.001), and moderately correlated with SDMA (ρ = 0.580/p < 0.001) and phosphorus (ρ = 0.532/p < 0.001). The results of the MyBioSource and DiaSorin assays only showed a moderate correlation with urea (ρ = 0.624/0.572) and creatinine (ρ = 0.622/0.510) concentrations (p = 0.001 each). The Kainos assay showed the strongest correlation (ρ = 0.806) with the various creatinine concentrations according to the IRIS, followed by the MyBioSource (ρ = 0.663/p < 0.001) and DiaSorin assays (ρ = 0.580/p < 0.001). Overall, the Kainos assay demonstrated the best correlations with both biomarkers and various creatinine concentrations according to the IRIS. Individual assay-based reference values should be established to make a reliable interpretation of FGF-23 levels possible to diagnose or monitor feline CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]