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Environmental friendliness and energy conservation are good guarantees and driving forces for the sustainable development. How to coordinate the relationship between the two is crucial for building a "resource saving" and "environmentally friendly" society. This article uses the data from Chinese cities from 2010 to 2021 to explore whether environmental protection tax (EPT) could reduce energy consumption. Baseline regression found that EPT significantly reduced China's energy consumption and achieved a "resource saving" society. The EPT shows obvious heterogeneity characteristics, significantly reducing energy consumption in the central and western regions and the two-controlled areas, while the policy effect on the eastern region and non two-controlled areas is not significant. In addition, EPT has effectively reduced China's energy consumption by enhancing investment in urban research and development innovation, optimizing industrial structure, and strengthening tax collection intensity. The conclusion is helpful in achieving the construction of an "environmentally friendly" society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a crucial element of management practices for green supply chains (GSC), cities’ GSC pilot policies have played a vital role in mitigating environmental risks, enhancing resource utilization efficiency, and fostering sustainable urban development. Using data from A-share listed companies between 2016 and 2020, this study employs a quasi-natural experiment to the implementation of a city’s GSC pilot policy to empirically investigate its influence on corporate green innovation. The findings indicate that (1) the city’s GSC pilots significantly enhance enterprises' performance in terms of green innovation; (2) the positive impact of the city GSC pilots on corporate green innovation stems from heightened regulatory pressure within urban areas and increased supply chain standards; (3) this positive impact is more significant in cities with environmental laws and companies with green investors; and (4) green innovation triggered by city GSC pilots can significantly improve environmental, social, governance (ESG), and economic performance. This study offers empirical evidence for enhancing enterprises' green innovation performance, while providing theoretical support and policy insights for strengthening government-led city GSC pilot systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]