Search

This article focuses on the titles and abstracts related to land use and geography. Esther S. Anderson published the paper "Population Changes in Nebraska Since 1880." Wallace W. Atwood published the paper "The Development of Productive Scholarship Among American Geographers." Oliver E. Baker published "The Importance and Permanence of the Physical Factors in Determining the Utilization of Land for Agricultural and Forest Production." Zonia Baber published "The Distribution of Sunlight and Moonlight on the Earth." Charles F. Brooks published "Cold Surf with Off-Shore Winds."

The article focuses on four papers by the geographer, Ralph H. Brown. The writings of Brown in historical geography of the U.S. are among the notable contributions to American geography. His many articles, as well as his two major works, "Mirror for Americans," and "Historical Geography of the United States," demonstrate his concept of historical geography with eminent clarity and with scholarly regard for the origins of that concept. He observed existing geographic facts and he searched historical records.

This paper summarizes the physical and human geography of the southwestern part of Greenland, stretching from Upernavik at the southern end of Melville Bay in approximately 73° N latitude, southward to Cape Farewell in approximately 60° N latitude. It is along this southwestern coast of Greenland that modernization has token place, and it is here that development is proceeding rapidly. Since about six-sevenths of Greenland is buried under ice, only a narrow strip of land is exposed along the coastline, never exceeding one hundred miles. Most of the 22,000 people live along this coastal fringe. Of mixed Eskimo and European origin, these "Greenlanders" have increased rapidly in numbers in the last half-century, and are now straining the restricted natural resources of the country. Denmark, which has governed the country for almost two centuries, has traditionally maintained a strict policy of isolating Greenland from outside contacts. This has protected the natives and given them a high standard of education, reasonably good health, and a carefully planned economy insulating them from the vagaries of world prices. Today this traditional policy is being questioned. Intensive efforts are now being made to modernize West Greenland through building efficient harbors, power stations, fish processing plants, by raising still higher educational standards, and by speeding up Greenland's self-government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents abstracts of papers presented at the Association of American Geographers' 1942 meeting in New York City. "Rural-Urban Population Ratios," by Alford Archer; "Land Classification in the Matanuska Valley," by Meredith F. Burrill; "Siberian Resources for Soviet Warfare," by George B. Cressey; "Geographical distribution of human productivity," by Ellsworth Huntington. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a list of abstracts and papers in geography as of March 1929. "The Physical Factors Affecting the Agricultural Utilization of the Southern Rocky Mountains," by Rollin S. Atwood; "Some Open Problems in the Physiograph of North America," by Wallace W. Atwood; "Significant Geographic Aspects of the Exploratory Period in the History of Central America," by Nels A. Bengston.

The article focuses on titles and abstracts of papers related to geography. The abstract entitled "The Geographic Study of Population Groups," by M. Aurosseau discusses different kinds of population groups and the trend of their evolution into the groups of the present day. The abstract entitled "Changing Occupations in the United States," by Robert M. Brown focuses on the California Raisin Industry. As the raisin industry in California developed to its present size and prosperity numerous adjustments to the natural environment were made.

Studies the abstracts of several research papers on geography in the U.S. in 1925. Beet sugar industry of Nebraska as a response to geographic environment; Physiographic stages in the evolution of the San Juan Mountain region in Colorado; Urban development in the Kentucky mountains.

The article presents titles and abstracts of papers related to geography. A presidential address entitled "The Influence of Geographic Conditions Upon Current Mediterranean Stock Raising," will be presented by Ellen Church Semple. The abstract entitled "Significant Changes in the Utilization of Agricultural Land," as shown by the 1920 Census mentions that the statistics available from the 1920 census show significant changes in the utilization of land during the decade. There was an increase in farm land of 84 million acres in the western half of the U.S.

The article presents titles and abstracts of papers published in the January 1920 issue of the journal "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." The 'Southern Indiana,' includes the unglaciated portion of the state, the areas of Pre-wisconsin drift on each side of the unglaciated tract, and the margin of the area of Wisconsin drift border has been largely determined by geologic structure. In the title 'The Geographic Factors in the Distribution of Animals, with particular reference to the distribution of the land Reptiles of the Davis Mountains Region, Texas,' the distribution of the land reptiles of the Davis Mountains Region, Texas, shows that the zonal distribution is less than would be expected on the life-zone theory and that there is evidence that other geographic factors than climate are to be recognized.

Presents a list of titles and abstracts of papers regarding geography presented to the Association of American Geographers from 1904 to 1910.

Presents a reply to the commentary of John W. Pawling regarding the author's paper "Early Perception of a High Plain in Michigan." Summary of the main points of the paper; Examination of the reviewer's comments; Contentions on Pawling's claims.

Since the nineteenth century, American geographers have applied mathematical concepts to geographic research, and they have increased the level of mathematical sophistication associated with their research. To some extent geographers have traditionally been interested in developing methods of quantitative geographic analysis; however, it was not until the turn of the twentieth century that there was concentrated effort to develop special programs of quantitative methods training and to expand the scope of quantitative geographic research. This paper attempts to examine certain aspects of expansion of quantitative methods training and research for the period 1954–1965. Since the early 1950's the number of major geography departments offering specialized training in quantitative methodology has risen from three percent to over seventy-eight percent. Today many departments require training in statistics and mathematics and roughly one third of the major American doctoral training centers now allow their students to substitute mathematics training for one foreign language requirement. This trend is paralleled by an increasingly large number of quantitative dissertations and quantitative research papers found in a sample of the major geographic journals. Our studies indicate that these trends originated at the University of Washington, and certain Midwestern universities, but after a short period of time, the quantitative revolution spread throughout American geographic centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE subject of this paper and that of President Russell's address of last Year reveal in striking fashion the wide scope of the field in which geographers work. Comparison of the treatment in the two papers wilt, I hope, demonstrate the justification for assuming that the same body of readers may find common interest in the two extremes. This is possible in all our work only if each of us, in developing our special area of interest, will follow Russell's example in striving to maintain its geographic quality. We can do this if we keep in the forefront of our thinking, that the core of geography is "the study of places," that is, the analysis of the significant differences that distinguish the various areas of the world from each other. Among the differences that are significant to this areal differentiation, one of the more obvious are differences in landforms; one of the least obvious to the eye, but nonetheless important in molding the character of areas, are the differences in their political organization. In pursuing these and other separate topics, geographers "radiate out in diverse directions" "and for various distances, toward the cores of other disciplines." As long as they remain "ever conscious of where they are" in reference to the central core, they may hope to understand each other's purposes. "Questions of boundaries always seem pedantic in comparison with questions concerning the cores of disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a commentary on J. G. Hajdu's analysis of German social geography in his paper "Toward a Definition of Post-War German Social Geography" that was previously published in the 1968 issue of the "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." Points addressed in the paper that should receive greater emphasis; Lack of theoretical framework; Prevalence of German social geography considered as locational analysis in human geography.

Geographical researcher John C. Hudson's recent paper on "A Location Theory for Rural Settlement," is an important addition to the sparse literature on this aspect of geography, especially as he emphasizes the need to give further consideration to the process of settling in order to understand settlement form. One can expect that Hudson's theoretical contributions and methodology will be employed in other empirical investigations. There is a need in the measurement and interpretation of rural settlement patterns both on a theoretical and on a more local descriptive level, to differentiate between the patterns created by farm holdings and those resulting from farmhouse distributions.

This paper presents procedures whereby the symbolization of Thornthwaite's climatic classification may be quickly and accurately determined by use of graphs and nomograms. Potential evapotranspiration adjusted for months and latitude of the station is accomplished graphically. Soil water storage, soil water deficiency, and soil water surplus are determined by the Thornthwaite accounting procedure and, once determined, the symbolization for the complete climatic designation of the station is obtained by further graphical means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is an attempt to portray some of the more important currents of thought and personalities associated with the progress of geography in pre-Soviet Russia, with the chief aims of 1) indicating some of the roots of present Soviet geographical thinking, and 2) placing the Russian contribution as an integral yet distinctive part of the developments in world geography before 1920. The main part of the paper is organized chronologically and appraises the life arid work of the more significant geographers of each period, their impact on the character of the subject, and their relation to their historical and intellectual milieu Finally, the nature and extent of the carry-over to the Soviet period is suggested. The recent intense methodological debate is seen as, in good measure, inspired by the work of the pre-Revolutionary scholars, and by the awareness of a broken heritage. In conclusion, some continuities of thought in Russian geography, then and now, are postulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most cities are influenced by those cultures which they serve and represent. At the same time, the cultures are influenced by their respective cities. This mutual relationship among cities and cultures constitutes a complex of processes of functional interrelationships. The geographic approach to these processes leads to the delimitation of twelve major world-regions and several sub-regions that are characterized by the areally varying processes associating cities and cultures. A system of world-regions of this nature is proposed in the present paper. The proposed system places every city of the world into a hierarchy of functional regions, far beyond the city's own hinterland. Every city is then visualized as a molder and reflector of its cultural environment. In addition, the following implications of such a regional system on the field of urban geography are discussed. First, the urban geographer is able to contribute to regional studies by considering the influence the cities have upon a given region. Secondly, the urban geographer adds another aspect to the research on any city by purposely studying the city as the expression of the surrounding cultural realm. Thirdly, the proposed regions are a tool for systematic and comparative study on the regional variation of cities from one culture-region to another.

This paper reviews ideas of American geographers on geographic land form analysis and proposes a framework within which geographic land form studies can be identified and related to other land form studies. The following approaches are identified as geographic 1) descriptive analysis of the present land form, 2) functional analysis of land form, 3) analytical studies of the covariation of individual land form elements; and 4) analytical studies of spatial variations in land form. Selected methods used in such studies are summarized and evaluated. Special emphasis is placed or descriptive methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is argued in this paper that regionalization is a similar process to classification. The terminology and procedures of the two are compared and it is concluded that there is a close similarity except that there is no direct analogy in regionalization with the individual of classification, it is suggested that operationally defined individuals partially overcome this problem. The histories of ideas about the nature and purpose of regional systems and classification systems are briefly compared and again found to be similar. Ten principles of classification derived from the work of logicians and taxonomists are then stated and the methods of constructing regional systems are examined in the light of these principles. It is shown that most of the points revealed by such an examination have been previously discussed by geographers, although they are arguing from different premises. Some of the principles, however, do raise problems which have hitherto received little attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents three methods for mapping levels of economic development and applies each to the case of India. First, to provide a substantive addition to knowledge about the economic geography of India; second, to demonstrate that even within nations generally recognized simply as "underdeveloped" one can meaningfully map differential sub-levels of development; and third, to stimulate critical discussion of the various methods by which maps of economic development can be made. The chief statistical problem is how best to combine the several series of individual indices into a single set of areal ratings.

Over wide areas of the earth the railroad has been a decisive instrument in the creation of many of the most important patterns of human geography. Railroads are clearly phenomena of prime geographical interest, yet if it is true that "each means of transport has its own technological characteristics and its spatial layout, or network," it is equally true that their understanding of the inherent geographical implications of these characteristics and networks is far from satisfactory. The following paper attempts to add a further dimension to this common quest by focusing upon the comparative genetic character of two railroad networks.

Presents an excerpt of the paper on geographical and historical concepts in American history read at Plenary Session 56th Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers in Dallas, Texas.

The demand for more and greater variety in maps has brought about an expansion of established map-making facilities and the creation of new agencies, both private and government. This expanding activity has posed several problems, mass production techniques had to be improved, new inks, papers, and other materials were needed, and additional personnel had to be trained. In typical American fashion the new techniques, material, and the expanded facilities to house them were solved with relative ease, but, perhaps also typically American has been our lag in changing cartographic training to meet the needs of the present day. The objective of this article is the presentation of a cartographic training curriculum at the college level, which meets the needs of present day map-making.

In connection with planning for the future of an urban area, it is necessary to determine both the amount of land that should be set aside for the various major land uses and the logical pattern of distribution for these use requirements. This paper deals with the manufacturing phases of this general land problem in the Cincinnati metropolitan area (defined for this purpose as including the northern parts of Kenton and Campbell Counties, Kentucky, and all but the extreme western part of Hamilton County, Ohio). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comments on the article written by C. Gregory Knight entitled "The Ecology of African Sleeping Sickness," that was previously published in "Annals of the Association of American Geographers."Admirable presentation of the salient geographical aspects and implications of human trypanosomiasis; Year when Chagas' disease was first diagnosed; Consideration of some of the claims of Knight in the paper to be in excess of credibility.

Comments on the paper "Early Perception of a High Plain in Michigan," by Bernard C. Peters that was previously published in the 1972 issue of "Annals of the Association of American Geographers." Inappropriateness of the paper's title; Ambiguity of the topic under discussion; Failure of Peters to document the reality of the interior plateau.

Provides information on the papers presented at symposia held during the Association of American Geographers' 1942 meeting in New York City. Papers focusing on selected counties of the Southern United States; Papers on problems of post-war reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a response of the author on comments made by scholar Theodore Shabad on his paper on the iron and steel industry in China. The study of any important aspect of the industrial geography of Communist China involves difficulties and pitfalls seldom encountered in other endeavors. I fully understand what Shabad means by the frustrating process he himself is now engaged in. Aware of limitations of individual effort, from the outset I choose only a limited objective to offer a locational analysis of the major nuclei in the emerging pattern and their effect upon the development of secondary centers in the various regions of China.

The article presents some comments of geographical researchers on the research papers submitted by them. Just because settlers prefer to locate farmhouses close to a road does not mean that in doing this they also choose non-central locations with respect to the rest of the farm. Working land on both sides of a road is quite common. Also, the tendency of farmhouses to cluster along a highway can be discerned via machine map reading techniques. Quadrant sizes smaller than the period of the road network would detect these. And such linear clusters would not, of course, be related to the settlement processes that are discussed in "A Location Theory for Rural Settlement," by J.C. Hudson.

Displays illustrating papers and graphic expositions not correlated with sessions have become an integral part of annual meetings of the Association of American Geographers. Exhibits at Cambridge, Massachusetts accented physical geography rather more and human geography rather less than has been the case in recent preceding years. In a number of cases comparable maps of physical and human phenomena were displayed side by side. This appears to indicate a pronounced interest in regional correspondence of phenomena.

Presents editorial activities that covers the period from December 1, 1967, through November 30, 1968 in the journal "Annals of the Association of American Geographers" in the U.S. Inclusion of the manuscripts; Maximum length of the papers; Submission of reports during the annual meeting.

Focuses on the importance of enlarged international contacts for the Association of American Geographers in the U.S. Significance of first-hand reports on geographers and geography in a session in a meeting; Presentation of a paper on China; Invitation for a Russian geographer to attend the meeting.