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We report the case of a neonate born with a giant fibroma occupying the entirety of her left ventricle. Owing to the extensive resection, her postoperative course was complicated by severely diminished left ventricular function and complete heart block necessitating extracorporeal support. Ultimately, cardiac resynchronization therapy was used, after which the infant's ventricular function gradually improved and she was successfully discharged to home., (Copyright © 2018 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Papillary fibroelastomas of the mitral chordae tendineae are rare, primary benign tumors. They are either incidentally diagnosed during echocardiography or discovered after transient ischemic attack, stroke, or myocardial infarction. Removal of papillary fibroelastomas should be considered, given the increased risk for embolization causing cerebrovascular accident or mortality in patients with echocardiographic evidence of papillary fibroelastoma not undergoing surgical procedures. Although fibroelastoma removal can be performed in most cases without disrupting mitral valve competency, sternotomy and minithoracotomy are the typical approaches for excision. Herein, we report the first robotic excision of a mitral chord papillary fibroelastoma., (Copyright © 2016 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Tracheobronchial fibromas are very rare, locally-invasive tumors of the airways. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported within the English-speaking literature. Historically, these neoplasms have been diagnosed as isolated endobronchial masses, with affected patients presenting with wheezing, cough, stridor, hemoptysis, dyspnea, or pneumonia. We report the case of 39-year-old man with multiple, synchronous endobronchial fibromas causing unilobar emphysema. A computed tomographic scan and bronchoscopy with biopsy were performed preoperatively to diagnose these lesions in the orifices of the anterior segment and the lingula within the left upper lobe. The patient underwent successful video-assisted left upper lobectomy, without recurrence at 3 years. This is the first report of a synchronous presentation of multiple pulmonary endobronchial fibromas within the same patient and the first report of endobronchial fibroma presenting as unilobar air trapping. Recognition of the unusual presentation of this uncommon pathology can lead to timely intervention., (Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Surgical treatment for ventricular tachycardia associated with congenital cardiac tumors is rare. Intraoperative electroanatomic mapping was performed in a 23-month-old female infant to identify the arrhythmogenic substrate of the epicardium before tumor resection. Verification of the localized abnormal electrocardiogram on the tumor in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia was useful for successful partial resection and cryoablation of the giant fibroma., (Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

We are reporting a rare case of papillary fibroelastoma of the tricuspid valve in an 8-year-old child who presented with pulmonary embolism. Echocardiography was instrumental in determining the source of the pulmonary embolism, but not in delineating between tumor and thrombus. Successful surgical resection of the mass was accomplished and good outcome was attained despite the delay in diagnosis and failure of medical management. A high index of suspicion for tumor involving the tricuspid valve is emphasized despite its rarity in children., (Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

We report the case of a cardiac papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve resected by simple shaving the pedicle. The macroscopic view showed a jelly-like aspect, with the classical appearance of a sea anemone under water, with multiple slender fronds and numerous little submillimetric thrombi disseminated among the branches of the tumor., (Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Elastofibroma dorsi is an uncommon, slow-growing, ill-defined soft tissue tumor. Its most prominent symptom is back and shoulder pain. Elastofibroma dorsi is usually located beneath the scapula and bilateral involvement occurs in only 10% of patients. We report herein a case of bilateral elastofibroma dorsi who underwent physical therapy for treatment of shoulder pain. Elastofibroma was misdiagnosed and rapidly progressed after physical therapy. We conclude that elastofibroma should be kept in mind for patients with shoulder or back pain, and the patient should be evaluated carefully before initiating physical therapy., (Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

We report the use of the hybrid procedure (bilateral pulmonary artery banding, ductal stenting followed by balloon atrial septostomy) in the first week of life for the treatment of two neonates with large left ventricular fibromas resulting in univentricular physiology. At 6 months of age, second-stage palliation was accomplished and the 2 patients are growing well with normal developmental milestones and no atrial or ventricular ectopy at 30 months. Hybrid strategy offers a less invasive, initial intervention and the options of typical second-stage univentricular palliation, conversion to biventricular physiology in cases of tumor regression, planned surgical resection, or transplantation., (Copyright © 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Left ventricular fibroma is a rare benign tumour of the heart. We present the case of a 24-year-old man with left hemiplegia and bilateral popliteal artery occlusion associated with left ventricular mass. The patient underwent successful excision of a pedunculated mass attached to the trabeculae of left ventricular cavity. Histopathologic examination confirmed the presence of fibroma associated with septic thrombus. The association of fibroma and embolization is rare., (2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Large pedunculated esophageal and hypopharyngeal polyps are uncommon. Clinical presentation most commonly includes dysphagia and mass regurgitation. If left untreated the patient may develop polyp aspiration complicated by fatal asphyxiation. Diagnosis has depended on endoscopy and barium swallow historically; however, these procedures may fail to provide a diagnosis. In recent years computerized tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging have proved reliable methods of diagnosis. These polyps are located predominantly in the upper esophagus and frequently are comprised of a fibrous component. Malignant potential is low. Resection of these lesions is warranted; it may be approached endoscopically if feasible or surgically through a cervical or thoracotomy approach, depending on the location. Recurrence is rare. To our knowledge, this is the largest review of large esophageal polyps, including 110 reported cases in the literature.

A young woman presented with a presumptive diagnosis of tricuspid valve tumor in a structurally normal heart. She was recently started on oral progesterone for menorrhagia related to uterine fibroids. She underwent an excision of the mass attached to the tricuspid valve, which was found to be an organized thrombus. We suggest a clinical approach to this problem.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas are rare primary cardiac tumors of unknown prevalence. As intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography has become widely used, fibroelastomas are increasingly detected as incidental findings. There are multiple reports of surgical excision, but none describing incomplete excision with long-term surveillance. We report a case of incomplete excision of an aortic valve fibroelastoma subsequently followed-up for 6.5 years without regrowth.

We experienced a case of papillary fibroelastoma of the left ventricular outflow tract in a patient with severe valvular heart disease that was detected only by transesophageal echocardiography. Preoperative detection of this lesion altered the surgical procedure to include resection of the mass through the aortic valve annulus along with repair/replacement of the valves. The literature documents sufficient morbidity/mortality to support excision of these lesions regardless of symptoms or location.

We describe the case of a 56-year-old woman who presented with myocardial infarction. Noninvasive and invasive investigations revealed coronary embolism from a papillary tumor attached to the right coronary cusp of the aortic valve as the underlying process. The tumor, which histologically proved to be a papillary fibroelastoma, was excised surgically and the resulting defect in the aortic valve leaflet was closed with a patch of autologous pericardium, effectively reconstructing the aortic valve. The current literature on intracardiac papillary fibroelastoma as a source of embolism and its surgical treatment is summarized.

We report the case of a young woman with a transient ischemic attack secondary to a rare intracardiac tumor, a papillary fibroelastoma. The tumor was identified by two-dimensional echocardiography and was treated surgically. The intracardiac papillary fibroelastoma as an uncommon source of occult cerebral emboli is discussed.