1. Endoscopic Lithotripsy for Urinary Calculi
- Author
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Rosemary Dinatale, Mark A. Devlin, and Amy Cubler-Goodman
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Percutaneous ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Entire ureter ,Lithotripsy ,Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ,Surgery ,Endoscopy ,Medical–Surgical Nursing ,Ureteroscopes ,medicine ,Ultrasonic Lithotripsy ,Ureteroscopy ,business - Abstract
or many years, “open” procedures were the treatment of choice for almost all calF culi too large to be expelled spontaneously. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which fragments calculi without incisions, and endoscopic procedures such as percutaneous nep hros toli thot rip s y and rig id ureteroscopy with ultrasonic lithotripsy gradually have made open procedures obsolete.’ Endoscopy continues to be a viable treatment alternative for fragmenting calculi because of the advances in flexible ureteroscopic technology. Many of the recent advances involve newer, smaller accessory instruments (eg, fulgurating probes as small as 1.6 Fr) for use with endoscopes. One of these accessory instruments is the small, “hair-like’’ fiber of the pulsed dye laser, which often is used in conjunction with flexible endoscopes. Additionally, baskets, graspers, and snares now come in a myriad of shapes and in sizes as small as 1.7 Fr. Flexible ureteroscopes also have evolved and now have increased deflecting capabilities that allow urologists to inspect the entire ureter more...
- Published
- 1993
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