96,295 results
Search Results
152. Research on Personalized Customization of Paper Packaging Products
- Author
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Feng Xu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Packaging engineering ,business.industry ,Mass customization ,Modular programming ,General Medicine ,Informatization ,business ,Manufacturing engineering ,Personalization - Abstract
Based on the analysis of the characteristics of paper packaging products and development status of paper packaging enterprises, new relationship between customers and enterprises was built using personalized customization technology on paper packaging products. Simultaneously, the informatization management framework of paper packaging enterprise was set up through integrating modularization and management techniques.
- Published
- 2012
153. Research on the Penetration and Diffusing Dynamics of Inkjet Droplet in Paper Coating
- Author
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Guang Xue Chen, Bao Lin Tang, Qi Feng Chen, and Jing Lei Tai
- Subjects
Materials science ,Inkwell ,Multiphase flow ,Nanotechnology ,General Medicine ,Penetration (firestop) ,engineering.material ,Computer Science::Other ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Physics::Popular Physics ,Coating ,Maximum diameter ,engineering ,Surface structure ,Energy transformation ,Composite material ,Penetration depth - Abstract
The penetration and diffusion of ink droplet in paper coating have significant influence on the image quality in the inkjet imaging. The flight physical phenomenon of the ink droplet was researched and analyzed according to the hydrodynamic equations of multiphase flow discrete phase in this paper. Base on studying on the surface structure of paper coating, the mechanism of impact, penetration and diffusion between ink droplet and paper coating also was researched in this paper from the perspective of energy conversion in the imaging process. The proposed mathematical model consisted of the factors of hydrodynamic characteristics for ink droplet and the physical characteristics of paper coating, we could get the maximum diameter of ink droplet spreading in paper coating through solving the model and obtain viscous loss and energy consumption in penetration of ink droplet by experiment, and then calculated the average penetration depth of ink droplet.
- Published
- 2012
154. Study on Surface Sizing of Cationic Polyacrylate Emulsion to Improve Mechanical Properties of Paper
- Author
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Yan Na Yin, Quan Xiao Liu, and Wen Cai Xu
- Subjects
Viscosity ,Materials science ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Emulsion ,Tearing ,Cationic polymerization ,General Medicine ,Particle size ,Composite material ,Sizing ,Folding endurance - Abstract
Cationic polyacrylate emulsion was used as surface sizing agent and the effects of emulsion properties on paper mechanical properties were studied. The mechanical properties of sized paper gradually increased with the increase of solid content, viscosity and positive charge density of emulsion and decreased with the increase of particle size of emulsion. Tensile strength, folding endurance and tearing strength on machine direction were increased 33.62%, 11.99%, 6.79% respectively when the paper with single emulsion layer was used oven drying methods.
- Published
- 2012
155. Influence of Storage Time on Quality of Soy Protein-Celery Composite Paper
- Author
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Hong Hong Hou, Xin-Yu Wang, Chuan Min Yang, and Cai Shao
- Subjects
Protein content ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,DPPH ,Composite number ,Value (computer science) ,General Medicine ,Food science ,Soy protein ,Mathematics - Abstract
In the present study, we researched the influence of storage time on quality of soy protein-celery composite paper. During the storage time, the protein content in the paper does not change significantly; Aerobic plate counts were decreased along with the increase of the storage time; Composite paper and celery paper color index values indicated that their value was related to the color yellowish-green (-2 to +2), except for celery paper in the 0 months; papers DPPH• radical scavenging rate sharply decreased, and was not detected till the third months.
- Published
- 2012
156. Experiment and Simulation on the Flexural Properties of Fiber-Paper Honeycomb Sandwich Structure Compound Panel
- Author
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Li Xia Zeng, Qing Shan Lan, Xiao Jun Yang, and Yu Ning Zhong
- Subjects
Materials science ,Flexural strength ,business.industry ,Structure (category theory) ,Honeycomb (geometry) ,General Medicine ,Bending ,Sandwich panel ,Fiber ,Structural engineering ,business ,Finite element method - Abstract
Two equivalent models based on sandwich panel theory and equivalent panel theory were discussed in this paper. By analyzing the performance of fiber - paper honeycomb sandwich structure compound panel by bending load, the computational results are in accordance with test and Engineering software ANSYS. Therefore, it shows that the finite element equivalent models are reasonable and practical for the optimization design of fiber - paper honeycomb sandwich composites.
- Published
- 2012
157. Study on Cationic Polyacrylate Emulsion to Paper Printing Performance
- Author
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Wen Cai Xu, Yan Na Yin, and Quan Xiao Liu
- Subjects
Viscosity ,Materials science ,Chemical engineering ,Emulsion ,Cationic polymerization ,General Medicine ,Layer (electronics) ,Sizing - Abstract
Cationic polyacrylate emulsion was used as surface sizing agent and the effects of emulsion properties on paper printability were studied. Cationic polyacrylate emulsion increases the printability of sized paper. The printability has greatly improved increase with the increase use of emulsion dosage, but the increase of emulsion viscosity influences the printing operation, and one layer of emulsion has already achieve the desired effect, therefore one layer of emulsion is properly.
- Published
- 2012
158. Chromatic Adaptation Transforms to Accommodate Printed Color Matching in Paper with Optical Brightening Agents (OBA)
- Author
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Quan Hui Tian and Zhen Liu
- Subjects
Lightness ,Color histogram ,Subtractive color ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Color image ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Color balance ,General Medicine ,Color space ,Spectral color ,Color model ,Primary color ,Chromatic adaptation ,RGB color model ,Computer vision ,Color filter array ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
The color reproduction is based on visual perception. The psychophysics experiments present the light source; illuminants and view background affect the results of color matching. Paper is a typical substrate for printed color matching and effects printed color greatly. Now almost all of print papers contain optical brightening agents, which changes significantly the color appearance of printed color and makes color shifting of printed color matching. This paper used CAT02 chromatic adaptation models to transform the measurements of printed color in paper with and without OBA, compared the effect of printed color matching between before and after transforming with display, present the method using chromatic adaptation transforms to improve the accurate of printed color matching.
- Published
- 2012
159. Preparation of Silica Hollow Spheres Used as Filler for Paper
- Author
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Xiao Hui Zhang, Wen Juan Gu, and Ying Li
- Subjects
Filler (packaging) ,Morphology (linguistics) ,Materials science ,law ,Shell (structure) ,Calcination ,SPHERES ,General Medicine ,Composite material ,Dissolution ,law.invention - Abstract
Silica of hollow structure exhibits a number of special characteristic. In this paper, a new way to prepare hollow silica spheres which can be used as filler for paper was reported. In this approach, when silica shells were coated on polyvinylacetate (PVAc) template particles by the sol-gel method, the PVAc cores would be dissolved synchronously, forming hollow spheres. Neither additional dissolution nor a calcination process was needed to remove the PVAc cores. The morphology of the hollow silica spheres was also characterized by TEM. It was shown that the hollow silica spheres with 130-400nm in diameter and 15-35nm in the shell thickness could be synthesized. The possible formation mechanism was also brought forward. The possibility and potential advantages in usage as filler for paper were analyzed theoretically. We confer that this filler can improve the printability of the paper, and reduce its density compared with traditional fillers.
- Published
- 2012
160. The Research on New and High-Grade Screen-Printing Ceramic Decal Paper under Glaze Color of once Firing
- Author
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Bing Feng Yu
- Subjects
Inkwell ,Computer science ,visual_art ,Screen printing ,Glaze ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Mechanical engineering ,General Medicine ,Ceramic ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
The paper takes self-developed great aqueous inking oil formulated into screen-printing aqueous ceramic ink under glaze color of once firing as the breakthrough point to choose proper decal paper and the best paper structure. It adopts modern screen-printing technology and searches new production process of ceramic decal under glaze color to solve some problems, such as the uselessness of fine lines, the mistakes of the short line, fault ink and color problem during delicate screen-printing and appliqué, and the defects of injury of glaze during appliqué, and to research new and high-grade screen-printing ceramic decal paper under glaze color of once firing.
- Published
- 2012
161. Printability Research and Vision Health Impact Assessment of Printing Material Based on Paper Brightness
- Author
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Zhi Jian Li, Xin Zhang, and Kai Sheng Zhang
- Subjects
Brightness ,Fiber type ,business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Medicine ,engineering.material ,Optics ,Coating ,Filler (materials) ,engineering ,Contrast (vision) ,Quality (philosophy) ,business ,Reflection (computer graphics) ,media_common - Abstract
In this research, paper material with different performance (e.g. brightness, fiber type, filler retention, coating weight, etc.) is the main subject. According to analysis of physicochemical properties for paper material and experimental results for corresponding printing qualities, the research presents the relationship between paper optical property and printing quality. And on that basis, it also pays more attention to optical effects (such as reflection, scattering, absorbing, concentration) and mechanism of paper with different brightness, research on best visual brightness, contrast and so on, which reveals vision laws among paper optical performance, printings and humans.
- Published
- 2012
162. Thin-Layer Drying Characteristics and Modeling of Paper Sludge
- Author
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Han Min Xiao
- Subjects
Coefficient of determination ,Goodness of fit ,Mean squared error ,Empirical modelling ,Statistical parameter ,Environmental engineering ,Applied mathematics ,General Medicine ,Residual ,Thermal diffusivity ,Mathematics ,Exponential function - Abstract
In this paper, the drying experiments of paper sludge were performed at different drying conditions. The drying kinetics and phenomena of paper sludge were investigated. The effective diffusivity and the activation energy of the paper sludge during drying had been evaluated. At the same time, seven empirical models were used to model the experimental data, such as Newton, Page, Modified Page, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic, Two term, Two Term exponential et al. Three statistical parameters (The coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and the residual sum of square (RSS) ) were used to evaluate goodness of fit of the tested models.
- Published
- 2012
163. The Influence of Paper Factors on Digital Printing Quality
- Author
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Wen Yan Jiang and Wei Feng Jing
- Subjects
Engineering ,Engineering drawing ,Offset (computer science) ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Color reproduction ,Production (economics) ,Quality (business) ,Digital printing ,General Medicine ,Base (topology) ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Digital printing has been playing a more and more important role in printing industry for its convenient production and quick turnaround. By experimental method, the differences of digital prints with different paper were detail analyzed, includes different base weight papers of the same category, and different categories papers with the same base weight. Results showed that the printing quality of offset paper with 120 g/m2base weight was better than that of 100 g/m2, and that printing quality of art paper was better than matt art paper with the same base weight. Other characteristics of different papers were investigated too. The method and conclusion provides in this paper would be helpful for choosing appropriate material for production activities.
- Published
- 2012
164. The Influence of Paper's Whiteness and Smoothness on Colorimetric Effects
- Author
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Guan Xiao Bao and Wen Yan Jiang
- Subjects
Engineering ,Engineering drawing ,Smoothness ,Standardization ,Inkwell ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Process (computing) ,Color reproduction ,General Medicine ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Process control ,Quality (business) ,Experimental methods ,business ,media_common - Abstract
By experimental methods, the influence of paper's properties on solid ink density and color reproduction results of digital prints was investigated, and different printing requirements on paper surface properties are analyzed. Different categories of paper were used, of which whiteness and smoothness was analyzed firstly, and then were output by same test target. Result shows that the paper's properties will impact on print quality to some extent, different paper should be taken for different images. The results of this paper has some practical guidance for printing companies, which can be used to research the printability of printing inks and papers, optimize printing process, improve printing quality, and provide method of standardization of process control.
- Published
- 2012
165. Enhancement of Mica Paper Insulation Strength with Surface Modification
- Author
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Ying Bo Zhu, Xiao Wei Zhang, Shu Peng Liu, and Yu Peng Qian
- Subjects
Materials science ,Ethylene diamine ,Starch ,Polyacrylamide ,Cationic polymerization ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,stomatognathic diseases ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Surface modification ,Mica - Abstract
Mica paper is made as one kind of insulation material, but low strength limits its applications. Surface modification is proved to be an effective way to enhance its strength. In this paper modifier like ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, cationic polyacrylamide, cationic starch, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plus cationic polyacrylamide and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plus cationic starch are introduced to improve strengths of mica paper. Finally ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plus cationic starch is chosen as modifier of mica flakes. After modification mica paper can reach high tensile strength of 19.84N/cm, which is more than six times high than mica paper without any modification.
- Published
- 2012
166. Study on the Prediction Model of Paper Printability in Ink-Jet Printing
- Author
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Guang Xue Chen, Qi Feng Chen, Zhen Cai Qu, Rui Xin Xu, and Shuang Lian Chen
- Subjects
Engineering drawing ,Brightness ,Data processing ,Engineering ,Evaluation system ,Solid density ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Surface finish ,Gloss (optics) ,Air permeability specific surface ,business ,Algorithm ,Hue - Abstract
The influences of the paper properties on ink-jet printing quality are very complex. In order to predict the printing quality quickly and accurately, it is necessary to establish a mathematical model and an evaluation system, based on which we can estimate the paper used for ink-jet printing is suitable or not. In this paper, five kinds of ink-jet papers with different properties were chosen, and the properties including brightness (X2),gloss(X3),roughness(X4),air permeability(X5) and absorbency(X6), were tested; then ink-jet printing in the same conditions was carried out and different printing parameters were tested, including solid density(D),dot-gain(DG),print contrast(K)and hue(H). Through combining analysis of each single printing quality parameter with some paper properties by using PCA of SPSS, the correlation functions D/DG/K/H(X2, X3, X4, X5, X6) were obtained. Meanwhile, a comprehensive function Y(D, DG, K, H) involving the printing quality parameters was achieved through synthesis data processing of SPSS. This study shows the influences of paper properties on the printing quality parameters and their corresponding weights, and it also proposes a prediction model of paper printability, which can provide a theory reference for printing work in ink-jet printing.
- Published
- 2012
167. Influence of Ink-Jet Paper Surface Characteristics on Color Reproduction
- Author
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Qi Feng Chen, Zhi Wei Zhu, Guang Xue Chen, and Ming Guang Yu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Engineering drawing ,business.industry ,Color science ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Color reproduction ,General Medicine ,Surface finish ,business ,Gloss (optics) ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
With the rapid development of color science, especially the ink-jet printing, the evaluation of the color copy effectiveness become one of the most important evaluation parameters in the ink-jet printing. Meanwhile, it makes the evaluation of the effectiveness of color reproduction become more and more quantitative. This paper selects four ink-jet printing papers with different types and physical properties, according to measurement and analysis of the whiteness, gloss, roughness, absorption and other performance parameters of the papers, it shows the effect from the various performance parameters of ink-jet printing paper to color reproduction. At the same time, the study of this paper offers a certain practical guidance to the selection of ink-jet printing paper as well as the improvement of replication precision of ink-jet printing.
- Published
- 2012
168. Research on Fuzzy Evaluation of Ink-Jet Paper Printability
- Author
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Hai Sheng Chen, Zhen Cai Qu, and Bao Ling Tang
- Subjects
Engineering drawing ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Regression analysis ,General Medicine ,Surface finish ,Evaluation function ,Fuzzy logic ,Gloss (optics) ,Principal component analysis ,Dot gain ,business ,Stylus ,Algorithm - Abstract
Based on the experiment, this paper used principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis to establish a fuzzy evaluation system between the paper performance and print qualities. Five kinds of ink-jet paper with different surface characteristics were chosen in this paper to test their properties including absorbability, gloss, roughness, whiteness etc. During the same printing condition, using the digital proofer of EPSON Stylus Pro7880c, the standard wedge of GATF, solid color lumps and standard lines were printed on these paper samples; dot gain and solid densities were tested by SpectroEye, then contrast-K was calculated, the qualities of lines were analyzed with QEA image Analysis. Finally, paper surface characteristics were analyzed with principal components analysis, and definition of printing was analyzed by QEA Image Analysis, correlation between paper basic performance and the characteristics of printing qualities, such as dot gain, solid density, definition and contrast-K, and an integral evaluation function and a model were established. When evaluating on paper, as long as its surface characteristics were tested, the printability of different paper can be evaluated in a fuzzy and integral way through the calculation of the model and evaluation function. This work offers a certain theoretical reference and practical guidance to the selection of ink-jet paper and the improvement of ink-jet qualities.
- Published
- 2011
169. An Experimental Study on Basic Engineering Properties of Paper Sludge Ash (PS Ash)
- Author
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Li Wei Wang, Hai Qing Wu, and Chun Peng Zhu
- Subjects
Pollution ,Absorption of water ,Waste management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Research studies ,Shear strength ,Environmental science ,Heavy metals ,General Medicine ,Microstructure ,Water content ,media_common - Abstract
Large amounts of sludge are produced in China each year. Its safe disposal and the recycling technology is the only way to solve the problem of sludge pollution, in which the sludge solidification technology is very important. Since the hygroscopic property and self-hardening property of paper sludge ash are important factors for developing cheap and effective sludge curing agent formulations, the research is practically valuable. The present research studies the basic engineering properties of paper sludge ash, its PH value, heavy metals in the extracting solution, hygroscopic property, microstructure and shear strength. The results show: the PS ash was weakly alkaline; the extracting heavy metals are of little pollution; hygroscopic property decreases with increasing pressure and there is a minimum water absorption; shear strength decreases as the water content increases.
- Published
- 2011
170. Analysis of Scientific Papers about Taekwondo in Core Chinese Journals during 2000-2010
- Author
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Jun Peng Pang
- Subjects
Computer science ,Generalization ,Foreign language ,Core (graph theory) ,Mathematics education ,General Medicine ,Citation ,Statistic ,Research method - Abstract
By using method of mathematical statics and literature, we carry out stratified statistic, generalization and analysis of the scientific papers about Taekwondo in Core Chinese Journals (CCJ) during 2000-2010 according to five dimensions, including published time, the application of research methods, research fields, professional title and organization of authors, and language of citation. The result shows that not many scientific papers about Taekwondo have published in CCJ of these 11 years; research methods have been used widely, but the specific research method is rather single; contents of research are very wide; the authors are mainly lecturers and the organizations are mainly based on independent sports colleges; the major language of citation is Chinese and foreign languages are very few, especially Korean – there is no citation in Korean.
- Published
- 2011
171. Control System Development of Paper and Yarn Compounding Bag-Making Machine
- Author
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Zhen Rui Peng and Hong Yin
- Subjects
Scheme (programming language) ,Rotary encoder ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Siemens ,Process (computing) ,Control engineering ,General Medicine ,Yarn ,Software ,Compounding ,visual_art ,Control system ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,business ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
This paper analyzes the bag-making process and control requirements of paper and yarn compounding bag-making machine (PYCBMM). The overall control scheme is established. Configuration software WinCC Flexible 2008, Siemens touch panel MP377, Siemens PLC S7-200, Siemens frequency converter MM440, rotary encoder, color sensor, and other elements are synthetically applied to design the PYCBMM control system. During 12 months commissioning operation, the control system is stable, reliable, and easy to operate. All the technical indices outperform the design requirements.
- Published
- 2011
172. Hunting Algorithm and Application in Auto-Generation of Test Paper
- Author
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Shu Yue Chen, Fu Nan He, and Guo Dong Shi
- Subjects
Operations research ,Scope (project management) ,Submarine ,Multidimensional space ,General Medicine ,Dimension (data warehouse) ,Sonar ,Mathematics ,Test (assessment) - Abstract
Referring to the military sonar hunting submarine principle,the author converts the multi-constraint issue into the multidimensional space search issue and calculates the differences between the current solution and expectation in each dimension to determine the direction and the scope for the next search. Then the probability of better solutions and the efficiency are both improved. This article mainly make experiments in the auto-generation of test paper. The auto-generation of test paper is proved to meet the needs in practice.
- Published
- 2011
173. Study on Europium Polymeric Fluorescent Material and Paper-Based Screen Printing Fluorescent Security Ink
- Author
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Jian Qing Wang, Cheng Sun, and Jie Meng
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Inkwell ,business.industry ,Alkyd ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Fluorescence ,Fluorescence spectroscopy ,Security printing ,chemistry ,visual_art ,Screen printing ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Optoelectronics ,Europium ,business - Abstract
Screen printing fluorescent security inks can be widely applied in the field of anti-counterfeiting packaging and printing special. Paper-based screen printing fluorescence security ink was prepared by europium polymer fluorescent material as fluorescent agent, alkyd resin etc as links, meanwhile various additives were added. The performance of europium polymer was studied by IR, UV spectra, fluorescence spectra, and fluorescent security performance of ink were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometer, the results showed that the fluorescence emission spectrum was narrow, and had a main peak at 612nm and high fluorescence efficiency, so this ink had good fluorescence security performance. The fineness,viscosity,stability etc printability of the ink were studied by fineness gauge, viscosity meter, the test result showed that the ink had good printability, can be applied in the security printing process of screen printing.
- Published
- 2013
174. Analysis of the Color Performance of Gold and Silver Foil Paper
- Author
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Ying Kun Ding, Yu Ting Ke, and Yan Fang Xu
- Subjects
Saturation ratio ,Color quality ,Materials science ,Inkwell ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,body regions ,Optics ,Linear relation ,Diffuse reflection ,Chromatic scale ,Saturation (chemistry) ,business ,FOIL method ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
The study on the method of the color measurement of gold and silver foil paper is important to control color quality in the printing industry. The methods used in the experiments were to study the role of the gold tone and silver tone by studying the influence of gold tone and silver tone with different content on the chromatic value of normal color ink with different tone and different saturation. In the experiments, chromatic value of SPIN and SPEX respectively in the diffuse light conditions of color measurement could represent the chromatic value of the ink containing gold or silver ink. Then the difference of L values between SPIN and SPEX was defined as lightness difference. The ratio of the difference of saturation between SPIN and SPEX to their sum was defined as saturation ratio. Therefore, the Correlation Properties between lightness difference and saturation ratio was quantified. The result shows that with the quantity of gold and silver ink increasing, saturation ratio has linear relation with lightness difference for the same color. Similarly, with the saturation of normal ink colors increasing, saturation ratio has linear relation with lightness difference for a series of colors containing the same quantity of gold and silver ink .
- Published
- 2013
175. Effects of Firing Mode on the Performance of Flameless Combustion: A Review Paper
- Author
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Mohamed Osman Abdalla, Ali Abuelnuor Abdeen Abuelnuor, Hussein A. Mohammed, Aminuddin Saat, Mazlan Abdul Wahid, Seyed Ehsan Hosseini, Mohsin Mohd Sies, Ahmed G. Dairobi, and Amer Nordin Darus
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Thermal efficiency ,Electric power system ,Waste management ,Pollutant emissions ,Mode (statistics) ,Environmental science ,General Medicine ,Combustion ,NOx - Abstract
Flameless combustion is of a great interest since it simultaneously provides higher thermal efficiency together with controlling the pollutant emission such as NOX. This technology has been used to provide large energy savings in power system and industrial heating applications. In this technology, the preheat temperature of the combustion air must be higher than the auto-ignition temperature of the reactant mixture. In this review, papers concern the effect of firing mode to reduce pollutant emissions such as NOX emission and combustion efficiency for flameless combustion were reviewed. Summaries on the influences of the firing mode in the flameless combustion were presented, discussed and analyzed. The review concludes that all the previous studies have asserted that a parallel firing mode gives much lower pollutant emissions and high efficiency compared with staggered and counter modes.
- Published
- 2013
176. The Simulation Study on Transformer Oil-Paper Insulation Polarization Spectrum
- Author
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Tao Zhao, Jun Qiang Zhang, and Yunpeng Liu
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Transformer oil ,Linear variable differential transformer ,Time constant ,General Medicine ,Distribution transformer ,law.invention ,law ,Control theory ,Electronic engineering ,Energy efficient transformer ,Transformer ,Rotary variable differential transformer ,business ,Voltage - Abstract
Return voltage diagnostic method is an effective method of non-destructive diagnosis in transformer insulating state. The current study is that through experiments get polarization spectrum to analysis the transformer insulating state, but not yet carried out the influence of various factors to the experimental results. So, based on the Debye model and specific parameters comes from one equivalent model of the actual transformer, this paper using RVM methods to simulation analysis maximum return voltage and dominant time constant under different factors. Simulation results show that the diagnostic methods that combine maximum return voltage value with dominant time constant can preferably reflect the transformer insulation state.
- Published
- 2013
177. Application of UHF PD Online Monitoring to Oil-Paper Insulation Life Assessment for Transformers
- Author
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Tian Xiang Chen, Hong Bo Liu, and Hong Tian
- Subjects
Engineering ,Ultra high frequency ,law ,business.industry ,Life assessment ,Statistics ,Linear regression ,Electrical engineering ,General Medicine ,Transformer ,business ,Life stage ,law.invention - Abstract
Pattern of number of PD events ("NE" for short) variation detected by UHF online monitoring was found through experiments, demonstrating that in the first half life of oil-paper insulation the NE value declined at the beginning and then kept stable, while it increased sharply in the later half. Least square linear regression was applied to calculate the changing rate ("CR" for short) of the latest 168 measurements of NE, which turned out to be an appropriate indicator of life stage for its monotonicity over time from the initiation of PD till final breakdown. The Grubbs method was also applied to exclude erroneous data and to determine the credible variation of CRs.
- Published
- 2013
178. Paper Surface Defects Recognition Technology Based on Improved BP Network
- Author
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Ai Juan Wei, Qian Li, and Tang Wei
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Speech recognition ,Pattern recognition (psychology) ,Process (computing) ,Slow convergence ,Sample (statistics) ,Pattern recognition ,General Medicine ,Artificial intelligence ,business - Abstract
This paper proposed on-line detect method of eliminating the influence of sample order and adapting adjustment parameters, according to BP network was slow convergence and computationally intensive. Improving the speed and efficiency of training, the recognition process was more reliable and recognition results were more accurate. The experiment showed that improved BP network could meet the requirements of online testing, and recognition rate reached more than 91%.
- Published
- 2013
179. Reverse Design for Wine Cushioning Package of Honeycomb Paper Core
- Author
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Le Yang Chen, Yan Ping Du, Yong Long Wang, Li Yang, and Jian Wu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Engineering drawing ,Technology research ,business.industry ,Mechanical engineering ,Cushioning ,General Medicine ,Honeycomb structure ,Creep ,Deflection (engineering) ,Cushion ,Structure design ,Static stress ,business - Abstract
Based on the background of cushioning package design for the wine bottles, the analysis on the cushioning properties of honeycomb paper core is presented. The reverse design method based on the function relationship of cushioning package is proposed, to make the cushioning structure design and cushioning dimension design as well as the buffering pad checkout, including strength check, deflection check and creep deformation check to make sure design meets the requirements. The function relation of the maximum acceleration and static stress between arbitrary dropping height and thickness of cushion is obtained. The reverse design method can obtain any curve of any dropping height and any cushioning thickness through several experimental tests. The flexibility, what is more important is that the method can greatly reduce test time, saves the cost of enterprises and technology research & development. The method provides a new way to the cushioning package design.
- Published
- 2013
180. Study on Paper Separating Mechanism of Counting Machine
- Author
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Ning Liu, Yi Tang, Xiao Zhang, and Yan Li
- Subjects
Mechanism (engineering) ,Pressing ,Engineering ,Suction ,Mathematical model ,business.industry ,Trajectory ,Mechanical engineering ,Trajectory analysis ,General Medicine ,Function (mathematics) ,business ,Simulation - Abstract
In order to accurately analyze the mechanisms of suction piece and deflector rod, and achieve the coordination relations of the sheet separation function between the trajectories; establish the mathematical models of trajectories ( absorbing papers of suction piece, dialing and pressing of deflector rod); and pregame by VB. This method realizes the accurate trajectory design.
- Published
- 2013
181. Classification of Photovoltaic Research Papers by Using Text-Mining Techniques
- Author
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Hyo Seong Lee, Heesang Lee, and Hae Goo Song
- Subjects
Information retrieval ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Photovoltaic system ,General Medicine ,Solar energy ,business ,Data science ,Field (computer science) - Abstract
The research described in this article focuses on one important aspect of monitoring scientific and technological trends and tries to examine topics of research and trends in the photovoltaic field. The data used to examine the research and trends were scientific and technological literature published during the last five years, which were exhaustively collected from the two SCI journals that specialize in photovoltaic and solar energy research. In order to analyze the 2,031 academic papers colllected, text-mining was applied. As a result, research topics were identified through document clustering and classified through text categorization into four major subjects; ‘Cell’, ‘Module/Array’, ‘System’ and ‘Relative/Advanced.’
- Published
- 2013
182. Hierarchical Classification Methods of Chinese Scientific Papers Based on Extracting Key Words
- Author
-
Huan Hai Yang
- Subjects
Set (abstract data type) ,Information retrieval ,Computer science ,Feature extraction ,Key (cryptography) ,One-class classification ,Library classification ,Feature selection ,General Medicine ,Mutual information ,Field (computer science) - Abstract
In recent years, there have been extensive studies and rapid progresses in automatic text classification, which is one of the hotspots and key techniques in the information retrieval and data mining field. Feature extraction and classification algorithm are the crucial technologies for this problem. This paper firstly proposed feature extraction algorithm based on key words, the algorithm selected key words set from special part of scientific papers, and employed mutual information to extract features. And then, proposed an improved hierarchical classification method, and realized hierarchical classification of Chinese scientific papers.
- Published
- 2010
183. Experimental Research on the Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy Performance of WPC Wallboard Made of Paper-Aluminum-Plastics Wastes
- Author
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Song Gao, Qiu Yi Li, and Yi Wen Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Waste management ,Zinc borate ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Combustion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Low-density polyethylene ,chemistry ,Thermal insulation ,Fly ash ,Fiber ,Composite material ,business ,Ammonium polyphosphate ,Fire retardant - Abstract
As a high technique environmental friendly material, Wood-plastic composite (WPC) material has wide range of applications and is extruded by recycled wood fiber products and wasted LDPE. Waste Paper-Al-Plastic materials including Tetrapak beverage and milk boxes are used to extrude the WPC as thermal insulation exterior wallboard instead of normal wood fiber material in the present research. In this paper, simulated thermal insulation and Oxygen index combustion test were operated at the Lab conditions. Some experimental results are presented as follow: heat transfer coefficient of 100mm thick WPC hollow wall is 0.922 W/m2•K, which is equivalent to the thermal insulation performance of a 0.35m thick fly ash aerated concrete block. Oxygen index of 27 indicates that WPC is inflammable material. Zinc borate (ZB) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are effective flame retardant for Paper-Al-Plastic WPC.
- Published
- 2010
184. Detecting the Eight Kinds of Organic Solvent Residue in Paper by HS-GC/MS
- Author
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Jun Wu, Ying Hao Xing, Zong Yi Wang, and Ke Ding
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Residue (chemistry) ,Correlation coefficient ,chemistry ,Flow velocity ,Linear range ,Analytical chemistry ,General Medicine ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Benzene ,Residual ,Toluene - Abstract
A method is established to determine eight kinds of residual solvents in paper package by HS-GC/MS, such as benzene, toluene etc. Response surface method is used to optimize pretreatment temperature and time, the terminal pre-temperature is 100 °C, with time 40min. The result reveals that the pretreatment-temperature has a significant impact on peak area and pretreatment-time has no significant influence. The residual solvents in sample was separated using HP-5MS chromatographic column; Flow velocity of He:1ml/min; Inlet temperature:250°C; programmed temperature: keep 2 min at initial temperature of 35 °C, then rise to 100 °C at a rate of 10 °C/min and keep 3min; the total time is 14.5min. The eight kinds of residual solvents can be effectively separated by this method. The linear range was 0.330~7.956mg/m2 and the correlation coefficient was between 0.995~0.999.The Recovery rate was 99%~114.8% and the relative standard deviation (n=5) was 0.916%~1.333%.
- Published
- 2012
185. Measurement of SWCC of Xiamen Residual Soil by Filter Paper
- Author
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You Qiang Lin, Dong Xia Chen, Jian Ni, and Ma Xiu Zhang
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Geotechnical engineering ,General Medicine ,business ,Residual ,China ,Civil engineering - Abstract
Soil suction is one of the most important parameters for unsaturated soils. An experimental program was carried out to measure the maric suction of soil specimens of a residual soil in Xiamen by filter paper method. Initial water content, soil structure, and stress state were taken into account to investigate the hysteresis loop of SWCC. The air-entry value of test soil is about 140kPa and residual saturation is about 18%. The soil specimen at wet of optimum has the largest hysteresis loop for a relatively uniform pore-size distribution. However, the soil specimen at dry of optimum has the smallest hysteresis loop. The soil specimen at optimum lies between them. For specimens subjected to different stress states under various applied loads, the higher the applied load on the specimen, the smaller the size of hysteresis loop. In drying or wetting process, there is a significant difference in matric suction though soil specimens are at same water content. Therefore, for this kind of soil, it should be attention that the shear strength may be greatly reduced during rainstorms.
- Published
- 2012
186. A Precise Recycle Module of e-Paper as a Clean Production Process for Environmental Protection Considerations
- Author
-
Pai Shan Pa
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Process (computing) ,Oxide ,Diaphragm (mechanical device) ,Rotational speed ,General Medicine ,Electroetching ,Cathode ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Environmental protection ,law ,Large diameter ,business ,Voltage - Abstract
This study describes a new precise recycle module as a clean poduction pocess and an environmental protection consideration that uses micro electroetching (MECE) and a new design of an intercross tool to remove defective transparent conducting oxide (TCO) nanostructures from the optical PET diaphragm surfaces for e-paper surface. This process takes very little time to remove the TCO easily and cleanly and is highly efficient both technically and economically. A large diameter of the cathode of the intercross tool combined with a small gap between the cathode and the workpiece corresponds to a higher removal rate of TCO. This higher feed rate combined with enough voltage results in a shorter machining time. A high rotational speed of the intercross tool can also improve dregs discharge and allows a higher feed rate of the optical PET. A small end radius of the cathode or a thin cathode of the bulge-form tool takes less time for the same amount (20 nm) of TCO removal.
- Published
- 2012
187. Vibration Analysis of Main Shaft of Paper Advance Mechanism Based on Laser Doppler Vibrometer
- Author
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Rong Li Zhao, Xin Chen, Ke Tian Li, and Zhou Chang
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Modal analysis ,Rotational speed ,General Medicine ,Structural engineering ,Signal ,Vibration ,symbols.namesake ,Frequency domain ,symbols ,Time domain ,business ,Doppler effect ,Laser Doppler vibrometer - Abstract
Modal analysis was done to steel shaft and rubber shaft, and their top ten orders of nature frequency were obtained. The lowest nature frequency of steel shaft is 64HZ and the rubber steel’s is 2.2463HZ. Doppler vibration measurement was done to main shaft of paper advance mechanism and the time domain signal and frequency domain signal were obtained when the rotational speed is 80, 160, 240, 320, 400 Rpm. The frequency and amplitude were obtained by signal analysis. It proves that the nature frequency of steel main shaft is much higher than measuring result, but the seventh and eighth order nature frequency of rubber material is in accord with measuring result of laser doppler vibration.
- Published
- 2012
188. Kinetic Analysis of Paper White Mud Dissolution at Constant pH
- Author
-
Sheng Li Niu, Bing Zhen Zhang, Ying Jie Li, Kuihua Han, and Jian Li Zhao
- Subjects
Work (thermodynamics) ,Materials science ,Sorbent ,Chemical engineering ,Waste management ,Diffusion ,Kinetics ,Alkalinity ,General Medicine ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Dissolution ,Flue-gas desulfurization - Abstract
One of the most important steps in the wet limestone–gypsum flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process is limestone dissolution, which provides the dissolved alkalinity necessary for SO2 absorption. Accurately evaluating the rate controlling step in sorbent dissolution process is important in the design and efficient operation of WFGD plants. In the present work, the kinetics of paper white mud(PWM) in dissolution process has been studied by using a pH-stat method. The results obtained indicated that PWM dissolution in WFGD conditions obeys the modified shrinking core model. PWM dissolution kinetics follows the film diffusion and surface reaction control and the rate controlling step of PWM is film diffusion control. The activation energies of PWM in film diffusion and surface reaction steps are 11.9±0.7 kJ/mol and 13.7±1.3 kJ/mol, respectively.
- Published
- 2012
189. Effect of Different Ceramic Fibers on Properties of Paper Handsheets
- Author
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Yu Hua Guo and Hong Wei Ji
- Subjects
Materials science ,visual_art ,Ultimate tensile strength ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Medicine ,Ceramic ,Elongation ,Composite material - Abstract
The effect of surface treatment of ceramic fibers on properties of handsheets was discussed. It is indicated with the addtion of ceramic fibers, the tightness of handsheets increases and the tensile index, elongation and tear index increase at first and then decrease. The tightness, tensile index, elongation and tear index of handsheets with surface treated ceramic fibers are higher than that with untreated ceramic fibers. The ceramic fibers and paper fibers can interweave into three dimensional networks.
- Published
- 2012
190. Energy Absorption Properties of Paper-Based Packaging Materials as Response to Various Ambient Humidities
- Author
-
Yu Ping E
- Subjects
Paperboard ,Range (particle radiation) ,Materials science ,Material selection ,Energy absorption ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Honeycomb ,Cushioning ,Humidity ,Relative humidity ,General Medicine ,Composite material - Abstract
The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the energy absorption characteristics of honeycomb paperboard and multi-layered corrugated paperboard (MLCP) is investigated experimentally. The concept of specific load is employed to compare the energy absorption properties of these two structural parts with different constructions and materials. Results indicate that energy absorption capacity of honeycomb paperboard is insensitive to RH in the range of 40%~75%; when RH is higher than 75%, energy absorption decreased significantly with the increasing of RH. While for MLCP, its energy absorption properties decline continually by small margin as the RH increase in relative humidity range between 40%-95%. Energy absorption properties of honeycomb paperboard far outweigh that of MLCP in humidity range of 40%-85%, however, in extremely humid environment (95%RH), energy absorption of honeycomb paperboard is nearly equal to that of MLCP. Results of this research can be applied in the optimum design and material selection of paper-based cushioning materials in actual logistics environments.
- Published
- 2012
191. Circulation Economic Model is the Necessary Selection Sustainable Development of Chinese Paper Industry
- Author
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Yan Jun Cheng, Xiu Lian Zhu, Feng Chen, Ming Heng Tong, Bing Yue, and Jie Wang
- Subjects
Sustainable development ,Engineering ,Hierarchy ,Resource (biology) ,business.industry ,Papermaking ,General Medicine ,Environmental economics ,Civil engineering ,Dilemma ,Economic model ,Circulation (currency) ,business ,China - Abstract
Constructing papermaking industry eco-industrial park is a importance way which can solve the dilemma of resource, environment, and economic development from enterprise group hierarchy. By ecological theories of “key specises” and eco-industrial chain, this paper analyses the feasibility of china’s papermaking industry constructing eco-industrial park. By way of case analysis, prove that constructing papermaking industry eco-industrial park is a feasible way of realizing sustainable development of china’s papermaking industry.
- Published
- 2012
192. Experimental Research Treatment Measures of Joint on Paper Cellular Wallboard
- Author
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Yong Jun Deng, Xinle Miao, Yong Yao, Quan De Han, and Yun Peng Chu
- Subjects
Honeycomb structure ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Joint (building) ,General Medicine ,Structural engineering ,Retaining wall ,business ,Wall material ,Experimental research - Abstract
the paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the honeycomb core composite wallboard, and put forward various solutions on the problems that the honeycomb core composite wallboard on juncture place easily crack. According to the advantages and disadvantages, the optimal measures are to use CFRP paste connection joints. Tested by experiments, the results show that: for using cellular wall materials as new buildings retaining wall materials, CFRP enhancement processing juncture surface can effectively restrain cracks, and the results are ideal; for existing buildings retaining wall, gives suggestions about enhancement processing, and proves its feasibility.
- Published
- 2012
193. Formation Design of Sandwich External Wall Panel in Cold Climate Area Made of Paper Honeycomb Board
- Author
-
Yan Yuan and Hai Rong Yang
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Cold climate ,visual_art ,Thermal ,Honeycomb ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Medicine ,Ceramic ,Structural engineering ,business ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
The sandwich external wall panel is made of fireproof Paper Honeycomb Board (PHB) as kernel material, and the external surface is covered by colorful extruded steel board, while the internal surface is coated with the thermal insulating frothing ceramic board or the calcium silicate board, which works as the insulating layer or protecting layer of the panel. Two types of formation design are suggested, i.e., Type-A and Type-B. After corresponding thermal calculation, the maximum thermal transmission factor is determined as 0.424W/(m2• K), which complies with the threshold stipulated in the National Code for external wall panel used in cold climate area. The newly designed wall panel will save 65% of energy when compared with the traditional one made in 1980.
- Published
- 2012
194. Research on Modification of Bentonite and its Printing Quality when Used in Color Ink-Jet Paper
- Author
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Yong Gang Yang, Fu Ping Liu, and Qiao Zhuo Gao
- Subjects
Sodium Bentonite ,Materials science ,Waste management ,Chemical engineering ,Scanning electron microscope ,Bentonite ,General Medicine - Abstract
In order to know the application of bentonite in color ink-jet paper, an acid bentonite was prepared by modifying with sulphuric acid. Both of sodium bentonite and acid bentonite were characterized and evaluated with scanning electron microscope. The study result from printing quality testing showed that if the formulation of acid bentonite, under the dosage of 35% PVA and PDMDAAC 3% respectively, was used as the pigment, the print effect could be better.
- Published
- 2011
195. Experiment and Simulation on Natural Frequency of Fiber-Paper Honeycomb Sandwich Structure Composites
- Author
-
Yu Ning Zhong, Qing Shan Lan, and Xiao Jun Yang
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Finite element software ,Structure (category theory) ,Honeycomb (geometry) ,Natural frequency ,General Medicine ,Structural engineering ,First order ,Finite element method ,Vibration ,Fiber ,Composite material ,business - Abstract
The theory of natural frequencies were acquired from vibration experiment, meanwhile, the first order frequencies of honeycomb sandwich structure composites were obtained by using the sandwich laminboard theory and equivalent panel theory via the finite element software ANSYS. The simulation results were compared to the experiment results to get the error of calculation of the two different equivalent methods, thereby we can select more appropriate equivalent method to ensure the veracity of the result analysis and provide a reference for the optimization design of the fiber-paper honeycomb sandwich structure composites.
- Published
- 2011
196. Research on the Fashion Design of Paper Stocks Tea Gift Packaging Combined with Color Design
- Author
-
Shen, Chi Chih
- Abstract
In order to study the corresponding relationship between the design and fashion of tea gift package, this paper will analyze and discuss the color design and packaging style of tea gift package. Besides, this paper will also do research on the cultural origin of tea and the value of package, and analyze the influence of package on consumers. Finally, based on the research, the author had design a tea gift package that is in accordance with the current trend. This study uses bright yellow and orange as predominant colors to present nobleness of tea of Alishan. The colors used on the packaging will render people associate with harvest in autumn.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. A Study of Compression Properties of Paper Towels with KES-F System
- Author
-
Kan, Chi Wai, Leung, Maggie Hoi Man, and Mongkholrattanasit, Rattanaphol
- Abstract
In this study, we chose 12 commonly available paper towels from the local market. The compression properties of the paper towels were examined by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Three compression properties namely: (i) compressional linearity (LC), (ii) compression energy (WC) and (iii) compressional resilience (RC) were examined. The experimental results revealed that the compression properties varied within the different paper towels. RC vlaue was used as the key property for discussing the compression properties of paper towels. When different compression properties were correlated and analysed, it was found that no relationship was noted within different compression properties. On the other hand, there was not significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to RC. It is hope that the results from this study can help the indurstry to improve the compression properties of paper towels for local market.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. Tensile Properties Analysis of Paper Towels
- Author
-
Kan, Chi Wai, Leung, Maggie Hoi Man, and Mongkholrattanasit, Rattanaphol
- Abstract
In this study, 12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the local market. Their tensile properties were investigated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Four tensile properties namely: (i) extensibility (EMT), (ii) tensile energy (WT), (iii) tensile resilience (RT) and (iv) linearity of WT (LT) were evaluated. Experimental results revealed that the tensile properties varied within the products. EMT was used as the key property for discussing the tensile properties of paper towels. However, when the different tensile properties were correlated, it was found that WT/RT, WT/EMT and RT/EMT had strong Pearson correlation. In addition, there was no significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to EMT. Based on this study, it can provide some information about the tensile properties of paper towels in local market which may help the industry for further improving the product quality.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Using KES-F System for Determining the Bending Properties of Paper Towels
- Author
-
Kan, Chi Wai, Leung, Maggie Hoi Man, and Mongkholrattanasit, Rattanaphol
- Abstract
12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the local market and studied in this paper. Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F) was used for evaluating their bending properties. Two bending properties namely: (i) bending rigidity (B) and (ii) bending moment (2HB) were evaluated. Experimental results indciated that the bending properties varied within the products. B was used as the key property for discussing the bending properties of paper towels. When the correlations of different bending properties were investigated, it was found that no significant was found between B and 2HB. However, there was significant statistically relationship between weight and B but no relationship between thickness and B. With the use of the results, the product developer could improve the bending properties of the paper towels.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
200. An Analysis of Paper Towels Shearing Properties
- Author
-
Kan, Chi Wai, Leung, Maggie Hoi Man, and Mongkholrattanasit, Rattanaphol
- Abstract
In this paper, we collected 12 commercially available paper towels from the local market and their shearing properties were evaluated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Three properties namely: (i) shear rigidity (G), (ii) shear stress at 0.5º (2HG) and (iii) shear stress at 5º (2HG5) were studied. Experimental results revealed that the shearing properties varied within the products. G was used as the key property for discussing the shearing properties of paper towels. However, in correlating different shearing properties, it was found that 2HG and 2HG5 had strong Pearson correlation. However, no significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to G was found. This study may provide data for the industry for the improvement of shearing properties of paper towels for local market.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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