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Vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) are regarded as one of the most promising high performance thermal insulation solutions on the market today. The insulation performance of VIPs mainly depends on the quality of core materials. This paper compared three types of core materials, namely foam insulation material, powder insulation material and fibrous insulation material. Novel structure of core materials which is fiber pore structures packed with different size powder particles is also put forward on this paper. The aim of this paper is to investigate and compare various properties, requirements and possibilities for traditional core materials and put forward possible future core materials of VIPs.

The insulation material VIP in building offers a new material for highly insulated constructions with just a fraction of the required insulation thickness compared to conventional thermal insulation materials. A VIP is basically composed of the core material, the barrier film and getters. Core materials of VIP are glass fiber, fumed silica, fiber-powder composite core. The barrier film covered by glass fiber textile is the protection of the envelope against surface damage and fire attack. We introduce the VIP elements, the system of VIPs in building application and external thermal insulation system with VIP.

Glass wool mat is widely used in the fields of building engineering, transport facilities and refrigeration equipment. In this paper, the effect of material parameters such as density, thickness, porosity, and flow resistivity on the normal incidence absorption coefficient has been studied. In addition, fiber length is also investigated to achieve appropriate strength. The prediction error of normal incidence absorption coefficient by modified Johnson–Allard model is less than 5% in the frequency range between 800 Hz and 5 kHz. We could use the modified Johnson–Allard model to determine the parameter of glass wool mat for better development.