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the construction method of the ordinary cemented soil stiffness core composite pile is that the pile peripheral cemented soil and the core pile are constructed at different time, which might lead to the situations as the pile body is broken due to the forced inserting of the core pile into the cemented soil mixed pile after the initial setting time, the neighboring finished pile is damaged due to the compacting effect caused by the reaming construction of the core pile and the failure of effectively transferring the load due to the loose joining of stiffness core pile and the cemented soil whose construction is completed after the initial setting time. This paper aims to overcome the defects of the conventional construction method by introducing a new construction technology, and the construction technology is verified to be reliable through the application in the actual engineering projects and has the advantages that the peripheral soil body is significantly strengthened, the composite pile foundation can effectively overcome the harm as uneven settlement of buildings, so as to ensure the normal usage of the buildings, and the construction technology has excellent economic benefits and is significant for the later construction technology for treating the soft soil foundation.

By adopting the conventional pile foundation to treat the area of thick overburden on soft soil, the reinforcing effect can’t meet the use requirement: by adopting the bulk material pile, the lower pile body strength can’t be ensured, and by adopting the cemented soil mixing pile for reinforcing, the pile is difficult to form and the reinforcing depth can’t meet the requirement. This paper aims to overcome the defects of the conventional construction method by adopting different materials to treat, namely, the concrete rigid pile is adopted for reinforcing the soft soil layer with poor soil body quality and the cement mortar flexible pile is adopted for reinforcing the overburden with excellent soil body quality, therefore not only the reinforcing effect is ensured, but also the construction cost is saved.

In our country, the waterproof bonding layer destruction is a main reason which lead to bridge deck pavement damage, the effective measure is to solve the weak quality question of bonding material between layers, it is a important quarantee for bridge deck pavement durability. This paper has an in-depth research to pavement performance of synchronization gravel waterproof bond layer, the best dosages of asphalt and gravel have been obtained, and the improving construction method has been put forward. The results shows that the synchronization gravel waterproof bond layer with two apray asphalt and one spread gravel method can solved the weak quality question of interlayer cementing material.

This paper introduces the features and key points of construction of high-rise buildings. Combined with the practical application, the technology of concrete construction is put forward, as well as the control method of concrete pouring quality. According to the specific conditions of construction site, the construction method of foundation from shallow to deep is adapted. The different placement scheme and technical measures are made.

Environment has become one of the major issues of society, and how to use existing resources to serve in the community is a major development in future issues. The new building is not only to protect human health and enhance comfort; use logically and effectively energy and resources, reduce pollution and is one of methods to make environment get out of crisis. In this paper, in order to reduce pollution emissions of building, developing the new eco-building, look forward to the rational application of resources, namely the construction method of straw to straw as raw materials of modular housing. This paper introduced in details about the benefits of house and the trends of housing development in the future.

There are many rich and plain ecological thoughts in Chinese traditional architecture commonly. The traditional buildings are well adapted to local geographical features, whether natural or cultural morphology. Affecting of traditional philosophy and ecological ideology, there are enough ecological spirits from the settlement pattern, architecture form, the construction method. Through the research of the ecological environment and ecological aesthetics of traditional architecture, people can look for a sustainable development of the environment for human survival way.

Aiming at the communication system breakdown after coal mine explosions collapses and other accidents, this paper puts forward an efficient construction method for long distance of wireless communication system in emergency with coal mind rescue robots which are self-adaptive and self-networking. With a two-level robotic system of detecting-robot and carrying-robot as the main, the carrying-robot, equipped with distributing device which contains a "roly-poly" wireless repeater, enters into an accident underground, analyzes the underground communication environment via network monitoring system, controls the distributing device and safely distributes the repeaters in order to realize secure and reliable communication with underground coal mine rescue robot. The test shows that the wireless communication system for emergency is rational, feasible, safe and reliable.

In South Korea, the need for residential modular buildings has highlighted, due to the increase in demand for small housing and the high land price in urban area. Thus, the cruse housing system (CHS) was developed to build high-rise residential buildings. The object of this study is to analyze the characteristics and fabrication processes of CHS residential buildings when the in-fill construction method is adopted. The result of this study showed that there is the potential to utilize the fabrication processes of CHS in-fill construction system to build high-rise modular buildings.

This paper presents a method to optimize the composite fore-fulcrum form traveler which makes the traveler more reasonable and economical, and the method can be conveniently used by designers while designing form travelers for single-plane cable-stayed bridges using cantilever cast-in place construction method. After a general theoretical description (theory and process) of the optimization model, an engineering case is optimized using this method. And the method is proved feasible by analyzing the primary and optimized travelers in Midas Civil and comparing their properties.

An embedded control system development methodology based on model-driven development method was emerged, the basic features and architecture of the embedded control system of specific areas were analyzed and summarized, and the key elements of this specific domain were identified and extracted. Afterwards, a visible element modeling technique was used to build a directly graphical model system, and this kind of embedded modeling technique based on model-driven was applied to realize a model of embedded Robot control system design. As a result, the Robot source model of this system was obtained.

Through analyzing construction method specimens parameter detection and external pressure loading test,test drainage construction technical indicators reinforced concrete pipes,cracks load,failure load,local deformation and overall deformation,research and evaluation of the performance of its force drainage construction quality management.

In order to meet the requirements of low bit error-rate of the channel code in the space optical communication system, a construction method of low density parity check ( LDPC) codes with excellent performance is proposed based on protograph and quasi-cyclic expansion. It can be applied in high-speed encoding and decoding with efficient quasi-cyclic expansion. According to the proposed method, a LDPC ( 8832, 1472) suitable for the space optical communication system is constructed, in which the LDPC codes of the protograph perform very well. Simulation shows that the LDPC codes have superior error-correction performance and show no sign of error floor when the BER is in the order of 10-9, which are suitable for the long-distance space optical communication systems.

Firstly, the causes of mine air flow instability were analyzed in this paper, then the paper applied fuzzy mathematics method and got construction method of the membership function of airflow stability. Wind resistance of shaft and lane, natural wind pressure, operating conditions of fan and other random disturbance conditions are defined by membership function of relative stability degree of mine airflow. This paper provided a quantitative analysis method for the mine airflow stability.

All the work in vocational colleges will produce a great deal of experiential knowledge. The traditional form in which information is stored in paper documents and shared in offline exchange patterns has low efficiency with a small extended range. Based on analyzing the research status of experience accumulating and sharing platforms as well as merits and demerits of traditional experience accumulating and sharing means, this paper has studied the construction method of experience accumulating and sharing platform for vocational colleges, and presents a solution to the problems such as the construction of the platform logical structure, the storage and retrieval of experiential resources, and the uniform presentation of resource files.

As an example of collapsible loess foundation treatment project in central and southern shanxi tunnels five railway culvert, the collapsible loess and harm of engineering properties, this paper introduces the construction method by cement-soil compaction pile to reinforce the foundation in order to ensure the quality and effect of the overloaded railway foundation.

As a rising phytoremediation technology, artificial floating island technology is increasingly used in wastewater purification. In this paper, studies on artificial floating islands at home and abroad were overviewed, including the variety of floating island, construction method of artificial floating island and the water improvement principle of artificial floating island. Artificial floating island technology is a kind of new ecological environment technology with many functions, such as pollutant purification, habitat restoration, ecosystem restoration, and landscape improvement. It has good application prospects in the area of comprehensive water body control.

Carbon fiber material is a strengthened repair material that is new and efficient, and it has so many advantages such as excellent strength, efficiency, construction easily and extensive use. Corrosion-resistant and little section are the most important characteristics. Carbon fiber strengthened technology affix carbon fiber sheet to the surface of a member with epoxy binder of transferring character, thus causing the strengthened member and the improvement force of the member. The strengthened plan, design principle and construction courses are demonstrated by using carbon fiber composite reinforcement technology on little side and moisture condition. Carbon fiber is a kind of material which is extensive uses, endurance and corrosion-resistant according to project illustration, and it is exampled in similarity projects.

Compared with the traditional framework dense structure, strong embedded squeeze skeleton dense cement stabilized crushed stone has a stronger embedded squeeze force, the more excellent mechanical properties.This article briefly describes strong embedded squeeze the skeleton dense cement stabilized crushed stone grading design and mechanical properties, and strong embedded squeeze Framework Grading cement stabilized crushed stone in the construction of many materials Segregation. Through the experimental contrast research with traditional construction method, the new method almost eliminate the problems of mixture segregation, which can be used for reference in construction application.

This paper mainly deals with the structural design of high speed railway tunnel and its driving method in abrupt slope with loose rockmass, meanwhile summarizes the connection between tunnel portal and bridge abutment in loose rockmass according to complicated landform and geology. The anti-slide piles are adopted to retain the stability of abrupt slope near the tunnel portal. In order to eliminate the risk and cost in tunnel construction, four bench cut method is invented to satisfy the safe excavation of loose rockmass in the tunnel. Composite fiber rockbolt is also employed to keep the stability of working face while driving the tunnel. The innovative tunneling method presented in the paper can be applied to guide the rational design and economical construction of high speed railway tunnels in loose surrounding rock under harsh geological conditions.

To choose an appropriate construction scheme for subway, it,s feasible to use fuzzy optimization theory and comprehensively consider the security of four construction methods as well as such factors as environmental influence, construction period, construction difficulty and construction cost, etc. to set up a mathematical model for the construction method of subway station. An analysis is made on the impact of group-effect in the excavation construction of pilot tunnel presented in PBA construction method on arch crown settlement and ground surface settlement, and a study is made on the arch crown settlement and ground surface settlement caused by the four construction methods in construction process. In addition, a contrastive analysis is made to draw a conclusion that PBA construction method is the most suitable construction method for Xinbai Square Subway Station in Shijiazhuang.

The construction method requires careful consideration in order to reduce impact of tunnel on the surface of the building in the city. It can have great significance in choosing appropriate blasting excavation method for the poor surrounding rock conditions and complicated ground constructions of shallow buried tunnel. This paper combines the Guanhui urban railway transport projects which the shallow buried tunnel through the dense residential areas, research on the influence of CD method and bench method with reserved core soil when use blasting excavation method on the surface buildings by finite element method. The suitability of two kinds of blasting excavation method in the urban shallow tunnels is analyzed and compared, eventually determine the CD method with blasting excavation is more suitable for the urban shallow tunnel construction, it provides reference and suggestion for future similar construction methods that tunnel construction under the city.

In recent years, Taiwan launched railway reconstruction projects to promote urban renewal and rural development. As the area of reconstruction projects is adjacent to the railway in operation, there are hidden risks to construction personnel and safety of the railway operations. The composite pier engineering method can improve construction safety and reduce risk. This paper presents a case study and discussion on risk management to provide the lesson learn for reference.

In order to predict the influences of electrical discharge machining (EDM) and enhance material removal rate (MRR). A model was presented for predictions of MRR in EDM TC11 test piece based on the construction method of gray GM(1,N) model and BP neural network model (GNNM).The results show that the GNNM is credible with the maximum absolute error 3.58%, the minimum absolute error 0.01% and the mean error 0.53%were obtained .The results indicated that the model can reflect the technological law of EDM TC11 and successfully predict its processing speed .The paper provides references and basis for selecting processing parameters of EDM TC11 and has practical significance.

As computer-based systems play an important role in our daily life, dependability assessment of these systems is of great significance. Simply combining the result of each dependability attribute could not reflect system dependability faithfully. Therefore, holistic methods to assess dependability are necessary. As a new and promising method which focused on demonstrating the dependability of product-specific system, structured assurance case model receives growing attention. Build a dependability case systematically and effectively is challenging work, particularly for systems which involves multi-contractor who have different responsibilities. In this paper, we proposed a new dependability case construction method to address the ownership problem of system dependability case which involves multiple contractors. Our method extends the existing Dependability Deviation Analysis with contractors analysis and elicitation and integrates the contractors information into the whole dependability argument architecture. We illustrate our contributions by application to a Train Control and Monitor System which preliminarily shows the effectiveness of our method.

Through deep analysis of the solvability, which is based on interval linear equations and inequalities systems, for a given optimal solution to interval linear programming problem, we propose the construction method of constraint matrices corresponded by the optimal solution in this paper.

As powerful guarantee for food quality, cold chain logistics has received world-wide concern and is considerably potential for China market. It is highly remarked for its high cost as well as requirement. In this paper we mainly discussed the construction method of intelligent transportation system of cold chain logistics. We introduced the concept of in-car networking to the cold chain logistics industry and explained the construction methods of cold chain logistics in-car networking from information acquirement, information transmission and information platform, providing ideas and innovation point for the construction of cold chain logistics intelligent transportation system.

With the speedy development of urban mass transit in China, more and more building environment problems are coming forth in many cities. How to choose available construction method to fast, safely and economically build subway engineering is worthy to be urgently studied. A new-type subway station construction method called top-down boring with cast-in-situ arch is presented through a large number of design calculations, research and analysis, on the basis of conscientiously analyzing traditional tunneling methods and engineering practice. Some advantages of this new method are briefly introduced, compared with the shallow mining methods for underground engineering construction, as well as its application in subway engineering. According to further study, this new construction method will be widely used in underground engineering projects. At the same time, the relative theory of this new method will be validated and promoted.

In order to meet the needs of large span project for Vegetable expo, supporting building system consisting of prestressed single-surface Double-layer Cable was put forward. Based on the assumption analytical solution of the double-layer cable planar support structure system was given. Using ANSYS finite element software simulation analysis on the double-layer cable system was carried out, the discrete finite element solution was acquired, and by comparing the analytical solution was verified to be accurate. Finally, the construction methods and means of monitoring during construction were given, and these can provide references for design and construction of similar projects.

Combined with the project which a grain silo need be transformed, a new type of silo is put forward. The silo system consists of supporting columns, the silo body and latticed shell roof structure. In view of the force is different between silo shell roof and conventional roof, and silo shell roof prones to buckling failure. The linear and nonlinear buckling analysis was carried out for latticed shell with a diameter of 20m, the results show that the buckling loads obtained by linear buckling analysis is greater than that obtained by nonlinear buckling analysis, and nonlinear analysis is more secure for structures. Through the comparison the rationality and stability of reticulated shell design are verified, finally construction measures of this system are given, and these can provide references for design and construction of similar engineering.

As a regional metamorphic rock, the engineering properties of the phyllite are rather complex. It is common that the tunnel construction safety has tremendous difficulty due to the groundwater, the initial stress state, joints, cracks and faults and other factors, so it is necessary to find an effective construction method for the construction of phyllite tunnel. To master the regular pattern of the influence of relative factors on physical and mechanical properties of phyllite is the basis to establish an effective construction method. The paper tries to analyze the influence of water and mineral composition on physical and mechanical properties of phyllite by making relevant tests on Lu Lin tunnel, and hope to give some clue to the design and construction of phyllite tunnels.

Based on the PBA construction method of Changchun Liberation Road station metro line No.2, in order to get the optimization of construction sequence of six pilot tunnels, we use numerical simulation method and finite element software MIDAS GTS to establish the construction model of the station pilot tunnel. After comparing four excavation methods of the surface subsidence, we come to a conclusion that first up then down and first side then middle is the optimal excavation scheme. At the same time, we make models to analysis the necessity of making advance support before pilot tunnel construction. Pipe shed and small duct grouting pre support is very significant to the control of the subsidence of ground surface and vault.

Surface settlement and ground loss can be found inevitably and safety risk of pipeline underground is brought consequently due to excavation, no matter what kind of construction method is adopted. Grouting is increasingly used as the corrective measure to minimize the safety risk of pipeline underground, which means grouting in subjacent bed to raising the pipeline and keep settlement in control. Based on the project of raising an existing pipeline by grouting during the construction of the Huangzhuang station of Beijing Metro, general empirical formula and the finite-difference numerical simulation by FLAC are introduced to study the pipeline deformation caused by excavation, fracture grouting is designed in accordance with the factors mentioned above. The research results can provide references to the construction and design of raising pipeline by grouting in urban tunnel engineering.

In this paper, roads analysis software bisar 3.0 be used to build an elastic layered system analysis model for cement stabilized macadam base. Different construction methods and structures contact conditions between the layers were comprehensive considered based on the actual pavement structure, in order to analyze the internal stress-strain state of cement stabilized macadam. The results show that interlayer contact conditions is approximately smooth state when cement stabilized macadam base used the traditional two layered construction method, which may occur structural damage between cement stabilized macadam base caused by partial stress concentration. However, the interlayer contact conditions is approximately completely continuous state when used the overall construction methods, and the stress-strain state of cement stabilized macadam can significantly improve by changing interlayer contact conditions. Finally, by changing the construction methods for to change interlayer contact conditions, the stress-strain state of cement stabilized macadam can be effectively improved, and the road performance and service life also be significantly improved.

Arch rib construction of Zhenzhu Bridge on the road from Wuchuan to Pengshui in Guizhou uses construction technology of vertical casting in the first place, and then vertical rotation, and the total weight of which is 610t. This paper introduces technical points and process of vertical rotation construction, and has made beneficial exploration and summary of such kind of construction technology.OverviewBridge rotation construction has advantages including saving costs for hoisting and erecting frames, reducing risks of frames losing stability when casting arch rib concrete, convenient, flexible, safe, reliable and good integrated construction operation, structural line type and internal forces are easy to adjust and control, small range requirement of construction site, and low impact on surrounding environment. Bridge rotation construction would have a broad application prospect in the practice of bridge construction, especially in Chinas southwest area with wide distribution of deep groove and dangerous gully, such construction method is more advantageous. Therefore, practice and research on such construction technology are very practical and significant.Ordinary vertical rotation construction is to have low casting or arch rib assembling, and then lift upward to reach the designed location. Concrete arch rib construction of Zhenzhu Bridge on the road from Wuchuan to Pengshui in Guizhou uses the technology of negative-angle vertical rotation construction, vertical casting arch rib, and then lowering rotation with weight of 610t. Such construction technology is used in China for the first time, while current vertical rotation of the same type of RC arch rib in China has the maximum weight. Based on emphasis on introducing construction technology characteristics of this bridge, this paper also includes innovation and beneficial exploration on the new construction technology of negative-angle vertical rotation.

Undercutting method is now adopted in prosperous cities or complex areas with all kinds of surroundings, but this method has great risks. Undercutting method includes many ways, it is important to choose a rational one in one certain project. Based on the design and the construction, this paper analyzes the CRD method, the PBA method, the Middle Hole Construction method and the Double Side Drift method which were widely used in China. The paper takes the safety, the cost and the construction time into account, using Comprehensive Evaluation and Fuzzy Mathematics to make sure that the chosen construction method is the most feasible one. Through analysis we could ensure that the construction of the Metro engineering is safe, economic and quick.

The water-collecting well layer of large pump station base plate is constrained by bottom and lateral, and step construction method is used. In view of the characteristics, the simulation is done to study its temperature and stress during construction. Based on a large pump station project and the structural characteristics and construction method of water-collecting well layer, the FEM model is built, and the theories of the 3D-FEM of unstable temperature field and stress field is used to carry out the numerical calculation, which can study change law and distribution of temperature and stress. The results show that the method of step construction can increase concrete cooling during construction, but the heat dissipation potential is difference in different time of day.

This paper, through the analysis of the construction features of civil engineering in each stage, analyzes the factors of adverse effects of construction activity on the environment; aiming at pollution sources, the specific characteristics and pollution status of construction, such as dust, noise, waste and other pollution sources, puts forward corresponding countermeasures and material methods, water conservation and green construction control to reduce the pollution of the environment; explores the effectiveness of some green construction techniques, such as plate construction method of the rebar lifting stool control plate reinforcement protective layer and thickness, and new prefabricated concrete structure, on the prevention and control of of environmental pollution from construction projects. The purpose is to find the method to maintain the construction and harmonious development of environment in the system, in order to be more active and effective implementation of environmental management of the construction of civil engineering.

DEM construction quality directly affects a variety of applications based on DEM and terrain analysis. Giving the error in measured data, interpolation methods affect the quality of DEM. Therefore, for a certain district, choosing a better interpolation method is very important. In this paper, we constructed new DEM by three interpolation methods (inverse distance weight, spline, Kriging) on the real DEM data of loess tableland. By comparing this new DEM with the original DEM and analyzing this new DEM, we can get a better choice of interpolation for DEM construction and terrain analysis for a certain district.

Problems often exist in construction of transportation tunnels, such as the effect of new tunnels constructed close to existing structures. Solving this magnificent problem by carefully choosing tunnel construction methods will be beneficial to minimize effects on existing structures while ensuring the newly constructed tunnel is both time-consuming and economical. Three representative engineering methods-the benching tunneling method, the Center Diaphragm method and the Cross Diaphragm method-are compared in controlling the settlement of new tunnel vault and the deformation of the existing tunnel. Finally checking the simulation results by comparing with field measurement data.

With the advantages such as shortening the construction period, not affecting the relative navigation and effectively reducing the construction cost, jacking construction technology has been widely applied, as the construction method compared with other conventional construction method is more complicated, it is necessary to discuss the control technology of jacking force during the construction process.

Large amount of carbon has emitted from the transport, and which growing faster. This paper summarized the theoretical system, technology, product, methods and demonstration projects of low carbon transport. The deficiencies of current research were pointed out, such as researches on low carbon transport network and low carbon transportation system are less involved; low-carbon technology of transport is also imperfect, and some low carbon indicators still remain in the defined stages. At last, the evaluation methods of low-carbon indicators, building methods of low-carbon indicator system and evaluation methods were prospected. The paper also put forward that researches about the concept of low-carbon road, screening and construction method of low-carbon index system, application feedback and model validation should be deepened in future.

For soil nailing armor for outdoor mold technology principle, construction technology of underground practice and the key parts operation are introduced. Through economic analysis, the author points out that this construction method is simple and easy to operate and the waterproof effect and quality can be assured.

The construction of integral hoisting of arch rib of concrete filled steel tube arch bridge has the advantages of simple process, easy quality control, small safety risk and not affecting the river navigation, etc. This paper introduces the construction method of arch rib assembly and arch rib large segment hoisting.

Simulation analysis on prestressed concrete pipe was carried out by using finite element software ANSYS. The internal and external pressure which the pipeline is subject to is simulated in real work process, and deformation and stress distribution of building pipeline structure are got. We have great understanding in the mechanical properties, at the same time give a detailed introduction for the prefabrication and on-site construction process. Three aspects in this paper for analysis, design and construction can provide safe and reliable reference for design and construction of similar pipeline structure.

Based on a subway tunnel construction, the construction method was introduced. The ground subsidence, crown settlement and convergence displacement caused by the cut tunnel are monitored during the tunneling construction and the results of monitoring data for them are analyzed. This technology wells to guide the tunnel-entering construction effectively and avoid the tunnel-entering construction process prone to landslides, thus ensuring the safety of the tunnel construction and will guiding the future construction.

With development of modern science and technology, pile type and pile foundation type, construction technology and construction equipment, pile foundation theory and design method have large evolution. Pile foundation has been to the ordinary foundation type used in the field with week soil texture for constructing all kinds of buildings, especially for high-rise building, heavy duty factory and the structure with special requirement.

Multiple urban projects constructed at same time block many roads, which increases the difficulty for traffic organization. Considering the characteristics of multiple projects, took construction method, construction procedure, land development, traffic environment and traffic flow into account, this paper proposes a workflow for traffic organization, recommends building temporary road and reconstructing branch road to undertake all the traffic from blocked roads. Selecting Jiangcheng Avenue complex project as a case, four methods were put forward for keeping traffic uninterrupted during construction with different temporary road route designs and traffic management measures.

Due to relatively primitive construction methods and insufficient relevant design experiences, resource and energy waste is still a major concern in Chinese affordable housing in recently years. Assessing basing on the information of the currently available technology and construction method, it is unlikely that the above issue can be resolved in the next a few years. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce a new affordable residential typology named Chinese Skeleton Infill CSI housing. After studying the inherent characteristics of this new supportive housing typology, it is believed that it can effectively improve the current situation with energy and resource consumption. It is believed that the CSI housing can be suitably applied in affordable housing project and bring social and economic significance.

An asymmetric twin arched tunnel is designed to meet the line development of triple track railway in accordance with ground geological condition and topography in this paper. A partition wall is adopted to support the double arches of the tunnel, and the pilot drift and bench cut method is utilized to preserve the safe excavation of the double arch tunnel in poor rock mass in the paper. The design technique and construction method may guide the driving of such tunnels under similar condition.

We introduce a construction method with rational function horizontal or vertical sections based on the relationship between copula function and its generator. The copulas formula with fraction linear horizontal (vertical) sections is given. In addition, nonexistence about Archimedean copulas with quadratic rational function horizontal or vertical sections has been proved.