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Water based Remazol Brilliant Red, Orange and Violet dyes were used as the dye sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cell. The performance of the solar cell was investigated between the dye concentrations, 0.25 mM and 2.5 mM and three different soaking times which at 3 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The adsorption peaks of the dyes were observed using ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) Spectrometer and the performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell was measured using Spectrum Parameter Analyzer (SPA). The results show that the device efficiency was increased with dye concentration, but, the DSSC performance at different soaking times performed differently with the previous study. The highest conversion efficiency of 1.125 % was obtained for Remazol Brilliant Red at concentration of 2.5 mM at 3 hours soaking time.

The adherence plays an important role for studying the binding force between the UV varnish and water-based ink. In order to study the adherence between the UV varnish and water-based ink, the composition that effect on the adherence was studied. The UV varnish samples were prepared by different pre-polymers and different leveling agent. Varnish samples were also prepared by changing amount of leveling agent. Proofs were made by flexo proof press and the PPS value was tested. The adherence of water-based ink on the UV varnish was also tested. The results showed that the type of pre-polymers, the kind of leveling agent and amount have a significant impact on the adherence, the Suitable leveling agent and content should be used.

The operation of drilling well leads to casing wear to some degree in cased well. The reduced strength of worn casing threats to the safety of well test and completion. In order to calculate casing wear depth and prevent the casing wear, the wear efficiency and friction coefficient is measured in the different wear time, the contact force and the rotating speed. The wear efficiency increases with the contact force and the rotating speed. And the bigger the rotating speed, the bigger the friction coefficient. The wear efficiency of P110 casing is change from 2 to 8×10-13 1/Pa. The rotating speed has less influence on the wear efficient. So it is reasonable that the wear efficiency model is adopted to calculate the wear degree of P110 casing.

Eco-civilization of water and human-water harmony supplement each other and advance each other. Constructing eco-civilization of water is an important way of promoting the development of modern water conservancy. It is necessary to establish national notion of saving water, handle the relationship between water conservancy project construction and water ecology, and improve conservation system of water ecology to strengthen the construction of eco-civilization of water and realize the harmonious development of human and water.

Active compounds ofCymbopogon winterianius(Java Serai Wangi) which consists of citronella oil (CO), has been reported to has mosquito repellent compounds; citronellol, citronellal, and geraniol. Limitation on the use of natural mosquito repellent has driven this work to incorporate the CO in commercial water-based paint. In this work, the CO-paint was formulated and its ability to repel mosquito was determined. The optimum composition of CO was determined by three standard paint analyses which were volatile organic compound (VOC), viscosity and adhesion. The best composition of CO in paint was found to be 20% vol. where it able to repelAedes aegyptiwith 80% efficiency. It is envisioned that the formulated CO-paint is effectively function as mosquito-repellent thus as an alternative way to reduce the mosquito-borne diseases.

The optimization of bridging agent size selection in drilling mud is now critically demanding due to the desired pressure to produce the non-damaging fluid or low damaging fluid. Bridging agent is the materials that can give effect on minimizing fluid invasion and optimize the sealing operations. Three different sizes of bridging agents were prepared, Fine (F), Medium (M) and Coarse (C) size where calcium carbonates had been selected as the bridging agents. Water Based Mud had been chosen as based of drilling mud to be investigated. Experiments conducted were rheology and filtration test. The study shows that the mud weight was increase with increasing size of bridging agent. The filtration test showed a high fluid loss in mud samples without bridging agent (Mud A) and least fluid loss in Mud B. Thus, the fine size of bridging agent can form better filter cake and prevent the fluid being loss too much thus reducing the damage to the reservoir wellbore.

As printing technology advances, environmentally friendly consumable printing materials have been explored. Water-based ink has become a new research hotspot due to its printability and environmental friendliness. Resin is an important part of water-based ink which functions as the carrier of the pigments. Its performance directly affects the printability of the ink. In order to obtain optimal ink formulation, different resins were applied and tested. This paper emphatically analyzes and discusses: (a) different resins and its performance in water-based covering ink; (b) cultivate an evaluation and rating system of resins applied. The water-based ink does not contain volatile organic compounds (VOC), which makes it to the benefit of environment protection and sustainable development.

In order to enhance the adhension of ink, base ink was prepared with proper pigment and grinding resin, as well as dispersing agent, then compounded it and film-forming resin. The paper has studied the major factors, including grinding resin, film-forming resin and additives, which influenced the adhension of water-based ink on UV varnish. The results indicated that the content and the variety of grinding resin had a certain influence on the adhension of water-based ink. Besides, since the structure of film-forming resin is different, it has a significant effect on the adhension of water-based ink with the change of the variety of resin. Whats more, additives, which could decrease the surface tension of ink effectively and made the ink intend to adhere on UV varnish easily, is also an important factor that influences the adhension of the water-based ink on UV varnish.

In order to improve the anti-friction performance of water-based flexographic ink, we made up different kinds of water-base flexographic ink by changing the kinds of film-forming resin or adding different kinds of friction resistant additives, and then evaluated the friction resistant performance of the ink by the rate of density decay. According to analysis the influencing factors of the anti-friction performance of ink, aiming at improving the cohesion of molecular systems and smooth degree of membrane surface, and reducing the friction coefficient as well. The result shows that different molecular structure of film-forming resin ink will cause different cohesion of molecules system in ink, which impacts the ink friction performance. Adding appropriate anti-friction performance additives can improve ink cohesion of molecular system, and improve the ink anti-friction performance as well.

HTHP rheology was investigated for the water-based drilling fluid applied in Yuanba region of Southwest Gas Fields in China. The results showed that under the conditions of temperature up to 180°C and pressure up to 100MPa, the Bingham plastic model is adequate to predict transient rheology at the given HTHP conditions. Effects of temperature on rheology are more dominant than that of pressure, but the latter will enhance at high temperatures and low shear rates. Finally, HTHP viscosity models were established and evaluated for water-based drilling fluid.

That the key components of Water-based hydraulic components are easy to wear down in the course causes sealing performance degradation and then arises leakage, which affects water-based component life and hydraulic system operational reliability. Considering the characteristics of ceramic materials, the ceramic method is applied to improve the key parts of water-based component, and then wear and failure mechanism analysis was done on ceramic water-based component.

The water-based fog screen system for photoelectric interference, with low cost, energy-saving and environmental features, is a new type of interference material. This article describes and investigates the physical characteristics of the water-based fog screen, the principle behind the interference of visible light, infrared and other electromagnetic waves using mist, the composition of the water-based fog screen system and its significance in military applications.

The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) study of water-based ferrofluid bearing with single sine-shaped peak, rectangular-shaped valley and V-shaped valley was carried out. The influence of the amplitude and the width on the pressure and film thickness was discussed. The results reveal that the pressure and film thickness change apparently with the change of micro-morphology; The amplitudes of the local pressure peak and the film thickness increase with the increase of amplitudes; The widths of the local pressure peak and the film thickness increase with the increase of width.

this paper use the stepper motor as driver, designed the structure of a digital pressure relief valve of water-based hydraulic, and establishment mathematical model of the valve element cavitation flow field, simulated and analyzed the different the valve element cavity volume and rounded of water pressure relief valves cavitation flow field by use Fluent software. The results showed that: It can suppressed cavitation that appropriate increases cavity volume and reduced the spool fillet.

Sticking pipe has been being a common problem in drilling process. There are several techniques to solve sticking pipe which caused by differential pressure. But all of the techniques are inefficiency and the common oil-based pipe freeing agent is unsafe and pollution. So the water-based pipe freeing agent, SJK-1, has been developed. This kind of pipe freeing agent is cheaper, safer and more effective.

In order to prepare high-gloss water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper, different content and types of filming resin with different content of all kinds of additives added are used to prepare water-soluble gravure varnish. Test its main performance and then use IGT apparatus to proof. The effect of varnish component and content on glossiness of water-soluble varnish is discussed by measuring glossiness of proof. The results show: different content and types of water-soluble filming resin have a great influence on the glossiness of water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper; the glossiness of water-soluble varnish film can improve by adding auxiliaries such as cosolvent, substrate wetting agent, flow agent, wax emulsion and other promoter into water-soluble varnish system.

In this paper, we used water-based acrylic varnish to coat poplar and pinus sylvestris veneer, discussed the inhibition effects of veneer light induced discoloration with two coating ways which were paint coating and film covering. The result showed that, after paint coating or film covering, the lightness aberration of veneer ΔL* and chromatism ΔE*ab were significantly reduced. The inhibition rate of veneer light induced discoloration with film covering was 7.88% higher than that with paint coating, reaching 30.41%.It mainly because of the small change of color index b* of film covered veneer, the water-based varnish film to a certain extent could inhibit the wood photochemical consequences by ray radiation. It’s feasible to study light induced discoloration of coated veneer by the method of film covering.

In this paper, sulfonates based on the enriched organic compounds in TNT red water have been prepared and their efficacy in water based drilling mud has been evaluated. The experimental results showed that the sulfonated products can be used as viscosifier for drilling fluid, which suggesting an attractive method for the possible commercial usage of waste red water.

The development of water based capillary inorganic water proofer is discussed in this paper. By practical engineering application research, the influences of water based capillary inorganic water proofer on concrete strength, impermeability, carbonation resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are summarized. Finally, the prospect of application of water based Capillary inorganic water proofer is pointed out.

According to characteristics about the ecosystem water，the ecosystem water level assessment index system is structured. We put forward Fuzzy Statistics method to quantify the qualitative indexes in the system, using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) to determine the weight of each hierarchy in the system, adopting Fuzzy Preference Process(FPP) to assess the ecosystem water level. The final conclusion of the example indicates that fuzzy comprehension assessment method can reflect utilization water characteristic in different areas and make reasonable comprehension assessment, also show that the method is practical.

Laminar composites have been formed from waste paper and suitable water based binders using a two stage binding technique. The new materials can have physical and mechanical properties equivalent to spruce pine and superior to other wood substitutes such as MDF. The degree of penetration of the binder into the paper is a critical factor in achieving the desired properties and there is a need for rapid assessment of the penetration of the binder. A technique based on the forcing of a probe into the laminate has been developed. Several probe geometries have been investigated and an optimum process established. By analysing the force / displacement graph generated by the probe, and applying a fast Fourier transformation the degree of binder penetration can be established.