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The relationship between the location of gate oxide breakdown in n-MOSFETs and its electrical characteristics has been studied by using TCAD software. The comparison of device terminal current with gate oxide breakdown at different locations suggests that the variation of the source and the drain currents can be directly correlated to the breakdown location in the ultra thin gate oxide. The results provide a fundamental understanding to the experimental results observed in our devices.

The speed and position measurement is an important part of the train control system. Accurate measurement of train speed and position ensures safety of train running and improves transportation efficiency. Traditional methods to measure speed and position usually rely on single sensor, which has less accuracy and reliability. A method of measuring train speed and position based on multi-sensor fusion is proposed in this paper. Since trains are running on fixed rail tracks, the position of train can be determined by the traveled distance and speed monitoring is essentially to measure the magnitude of train velocity. According to this characteristic, this measurement system consists of axle odometer, Doppler radar, accelerometer and intermittent inquiry balise. The federated Kalman filter is used to implement multi-sensor fusion. Simulation experiment results prove that this method can improve the accuracy and reliability of train speed and position measurement.