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This article presents an optimization process for integrated optomechanical design. The proposed optimization process for integrated optomechanical design comprises computer-aided drafting, finite element analysis (FEA), optomechanical transfer codes, and an optimization solver. The FEA was conducted to determine mirror surface deformation; then, deformed surface nodal data were transferred into Zernike polynomials through MATLAB optomechanical transfer codes to calculate the resulting optical path difference (OPD) and optical aberrations. To achieve an optimum design, the optimization iterations of the FEA, optomechanical transfer codes, and optimization solver were automatically connected through a self-developed Tcl script. Two examples of optimization design were illustrated in this research, namely, an optimum lightweight design of a Zerodur primary mirror with an outer diameter of 566 mm that is used in a spaceborne telescope and an optimum bipod flexure design that supports the optimum lightweight primary mirror. Finally, optimum designs were successfully accomplished in both examples, achieving a minimum peak-to-valley (PV) value for the OPD of the deformed optical surface. The simulated optimization results showed that (1) the lightweight ratio of the primary mirror increased from 56% to 66%; and (2) the PV value of the mirror supported by optimum bipod flexures in the horizontal position effectively decreased from 228 to 61 nm.

We demonstrate a simple way to achieve single-frequency operation by using fiber-coupled diode-pumped Nd:YVO(4)/KTP green lasers in a short standing-wave linear cavity. A single-mode output with 3.2-W green power was generated with a 12.6-W pump power corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 25.4%. The single-mode operation was obtained through the combined action of the anisotropic emission cross section of Nd:YVO(4) and the KTP crystal acting as a birefringent filter.

Using a space-dependent rate-equation model and considering the effect of pump beam quality, the optimum pump condition for a fiber-coupled diode end-pumped neodymium yttrium aluminum borate laser has been determined. Under optimum pump conditions, greater than 10% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency was obtained when the laser was pumped by a fiber-coupled laser diode with good beam quality. The influence of pump beam quality on the conversion efficiency is also discussed.

We present a simple way to achieve single-frequency operation by using a fiber-coupled diode butt-coupling-pumped Nd:YVO(4) laser in a flat-flat cavity. Single-mode outputs of 620 and 260 mW for fundamental and second-harmonic wavelengths were obtained when the laser was pumped by an 1100-mW fiber-coupled laser diode. Experimental results show that thermal effects provide not only a stable resonator with a good overlap of laser mode and pump size but also enhance single-frequency performance.