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Gold nanoparticles/785 porous silicon photonic crystals (Au NPs/785 PSi PhCs) were used as substrates in combination with a low-concentration serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection scheme to obtain spectral signals from healthy individuals and cervical cancer patients. The best principal component scores were selected by principal component analysis (PCA) combined with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) to analyze the spectral differences distinguishing healthy and cervical cancer patients. The accuracy of the two models was 97.9% and 96.9%, respectively. SERS technique based on Au NPs/785 PSi PhCs has great potential to improve the screening of cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]