1. Biomimetic composite architecture achieves ultrahigh rate capability and cycling life of sodium ion battery cathodes.
- Author
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Shin, Kang Ho, Park, Sul Ki, Nakhanivej, Puritut, Wang, Yixian, Liu, Pengcheng, Bak, Seong-Min, Choi, Min Sung, Mitlin, David, and Park, Ho Seok
- Subjects
SODIUM ions ,ENERGY storage ,CATHODES ,LITHIUM-ion batteries ,ELECTRIC batteries ,ELECTRICAL energy ,BIOMIMETIC materials - Abstract
Sodium ion batteries are an emerging candidate to replace lithium ion batteries in large-scale electrical energy storage systems due to the abundance and widespread distribution of sodium. Despite the growing interest, the development of high-performance sodium cathode materials remains a challenge. In particular, polyanionic compounds are considered as a strong cathode candidate owing to their better cycling stability, a flatter voltage profile, and stronger thermal stability compared to other cathode materials. Here, we report the rational design of a biomimetic bone-inspired polyanionic Na
3 V2 (PO4 )3 -reduced graphene oxide composite (BI-NVP) cathode that achieves ultrahigh rate charging and ultralong cycling life in a sodium ion battery. At a charging rate of 1 C, BI-NVP delivers 97% of its theoretical capacity and is able to retain a voltage plateau even at the ultra-high rate of 200 C. It also shows long cycling life with capacity retention of 91% after 10 000 cycles at 50 C. The sodium ion battery cells with a BI-NVP cathode and Na metal anode were able to deliver a maximum specific energy of 350 W h kg−1 and maximum specific power of 154 kW kg−1 . In situ and postmortem analyses of cycled BI-NVP (including by Raman and XRD spectra) HRTEM, and STEM-EELS, indicate highly reversible dilation–contraction, negligible electrode pulverization, and a stable NVP-reduced graphene oxide layer interface. The results presented here provide a rational and biomimetic material design for the electrode architecture for ultrahigh power and ultralong cyclability of the sodium ion battery full cells when paired with a sodium metal anode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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