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To meet the demand of the breeding and processing industry of Golden Tartary buckwheat, quantitative identification models were established to test the content of leucine (Leu) and tyrosine (Tyr) in Golden Tartary buckwheat leaves by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) with quantitative partial least squares (PLS). Leu’s modeling results were as follows: first derivative (11) pretreatment, the wavenumber range of 4000–9000 cm−1 was appropriate for modeling (calibration sets: validation set = 6:1), the mean coefficient of determination (R2), standard error of calibration (SEC), and relative standard deviation (RSD) for the calibration set were 0.9229, 0.45, and 3.45%, respectively; for the validation set, the mean R2, SEC, and RSD were 0.9502, 0.47, and 3.65%, respectively. Tyr modeling results were as follows: first derivative (11) pretreatment, the wavenumber range of 4000–10,000 cm−1 was suitable for modeling (calibration sets: validation set = 4:1), the R2, SEC, and RSD for the calibration set was 0.9016, 0.15, and 5.72%, respectively; for the validation set, the mean R2, SEC, and RSD were 0.9012, 0.15, and 5.53%, respectively. It was proved that the Leu and Tyr content of Golden Tartary buckwheat could be quantified using the model structured by near infrared spectroscopy combined with the partial least squares method.