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[Display omitted] • In-situ growth of p-type Ag 2 O on n-type Bi 2 O 2 S surface was achieved. • The heterostructure enhanced the activity of NIR light driven CO 2 photoreduction. • Intimate interfacial contact and heterostructure contributed to the charge transfer. • Ag 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 S exhibited an outstanding ability for adsorption and activation of CO 2. • The reaction mechanism was unveiled based on the experiments and DFT calculations. Photocatalytic converting CO 2 into organic carbon resources holds promise for achieving the utilization of CO 2 resources and the development of clean energy. However, the low utilization efficiency of solar energy and poor separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers limit the application of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Herein, Ag 2 O/Bi 2 O 2 S p-n heterojunction photocatalyst (xAO/BOS) was constructed by anchoring Ag 2 O on the surface of Bi 2 O 2 S through in-situ synthesis. The novel 27 %AO/BOS photocatalyst shows the enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction performance with 14.49 μmol g−1 of CO yield and 12.06 μmol g−1 of CH 4 yield after 120 min of NIR light irradiation. The formed p-n heterojunction in 27 %AO/BOS photocatalyst by the in-situ synthesis contributes to facilitating the separation and transfer of photo-generated carriers and improving the adsorption and activation of CO 2. The composite still exhibits excellent photocatalytic cycling stability, and Ag0 species are produced in the photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction owing to the in-situ photoreduction of Ag 2 O. Based on the experimental analyses and theoretical calculations, the proposed mechanism for the improved photocatalytic CO 2 reduction activity over in-situ synthesis of 27 %AO/BOS p-n heterojunction photocatalyst is finally given. This work paves a promising way to construct effective NIR light-responsive photocatalysts for CO 2 photoreduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]