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Highlights: [•] Both amination and calcination, independently enhanced CO2 capacity and selectivity. [•] Dry phase modification such as amination favours coconut shell-based activated carbon while wet phase pre-treatment favours coal based activated carbon. [•] Nitride-like/aromatic N-imines, pyridinic and pyrollic nitrogen complexes were found to have high selective affinity towards CO2. [•] Integrating the two methods with Ca(NO3)2 impregnation produced the best treatment for both 0.3% and 10% CO2 selectivities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]