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Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely used in biomedical, optical and tissue engineering applications. Nevertheless, machining these materials significantly differs from other materials and faces special challenges. In recent years, ultrasonic drilling as a new technique was introduced in the field of composites’ machining. This study evaluates the effects of nano-graphene incorporation and machining parameters including feed rate, tool type in both conventional and ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling. Besides, statistical analysis is conducted in order to identify contribution of the parameters. The results suggest that feed rate is the most influential factor on cutting force and hole quality including delamination and hole roundness. In addition, in order to acquire the best optimal process parameters, desirability method was established. That was indicated the best hole quality is achieved in CFRP samples at the least feed rate by the HSS-8% cobalt tool (M42 tool) and in presence of the ultrasonic vibration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]