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The melt quench approach is used to create a transition metal-doped glass material by adjusting the concentration of vanadium and lithium carbonate with a unique chemical composition. The main objectives of the present investigation are to identify basic structural units in the prepared samples, to investigate the impact of glass composition on structural changes, to relate the structural changes with the change in properties of glasses, and to find the suitability of the samples from the perspective of optical applications. The main novelty of these glasses is that the lithium carbonate is varied along with the V2O5 for optical applications. The highest dopant 1 mol percent material has a density of 3.6666 gm/cc and a refractive index of 1.56, indicating its suitability for optical applications. The glass melting temperature (Tg) of the test sample is 808.09 °C, and Hruby's criteria value (KH) is 0.2565, inferring that the glass material is stable. For loads of 50 g and 100 g, the Vickers micro-hardness improved when the dopant was increased, while for 200 g, the hardness value declined. As the stress on the material rose from 10 to 30 N, the coefficient of friction drops from 0.632 to 0.002, the specific wear rate increased from 6.64 × 10−5 to 39.06 × 10−5 mm3/N-m, and the specific wear energy decreased from 22.44 to 0.81 MJ/g. In the visible area, the material's optical absorption for the greatest dopant is 548 nm, and in the infrared region 738 nm. The direct and indirect band gaps of the current investigated material for the highest dopant are 2.03 eV and 1.88 eV, respectively, proposing that the sample is a semiconductor. Optical transmission measures find the material's suitability as a bandpass filter in the visible range at 415.33 nm and 417 nm, respectively, with FWHW of 0.35 nm and 1.22 nm for the highest dopant sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]