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In this study, the nearest neighbor indices and diameter distribution in Pistacia atlantica Desf. and Prunus arabica (Olivier) Meikle stands in Iran were studied. To conduct this study, a 100 m × 100 m inventory was used in two 1-hectare plots in November and December 2021. The study area was Kare-Bass habitat, which is located between the west and the center of Iran. According to the conditions of species in this habitat, Root Collar Diameter (RCD) was used for measurements. The collected data on RCD and nearest neighbor indices were analyzed using Crancod software. The results showed that the structure of the forest is noticeably disturbed. Human intervention, livestock grazing and fires are the main reasons for this disturbance. The results show that the mingling index is 0.45 in Plot 1 and 0.65 in Plot 2. The Structural Diversity Index (SI) is 0.48 in the first Plot and 0.59 in the second Plot. Although the SI status of all stands in both Plots is weak or moderate, the SI of stands in the second Plot is better. It seems that more species diversity in the second Plot is the main reason for this increase in SI. The conclusion of this article is that the structure of the stands depends on socio-economic aspects and human interventions as well as species diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]