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Background: Ligamentous laxity is a condition that leads to joints' hypermobility beyond their average and normal range of motion. It can cause musculoskeletal and joint injuries. This national multi-centered study investigated the epidemiology of generalized ligamentous laxity and its relationship with musculoskeletal disorders among Iranian adults with different ethnic backgrounds., Methods: A total of 1,488 people (age range: 17-40 years) were selected from eight cities and six different ethnicities of Iran and included in this cross-sectional study. The presence of ligamentous laxity with clinical examinations was searched according to Beighton score criteria. They were also examined for any kind of musculoskeletal disorders that might accompany ligamentous laxity. The Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of ligamentous laxity based on gender and ethnicity; moreover, the t-test was utilized to compare the frequency of ligamentous laxity based on age., Results: In total, 280 (18.8%) participants had generalized ligamentous laxity, and it was more prevalent in women (22.7%), compared to men (14.4%). Regarding ethnicity, the highest and lowest prevalence rates were in Gilak (37.9%) and Persian-Arab (6%) ethnicities, respectively ( P<0.001 ). Ligamentous laxity showed a significant relationship with sports injury, joint complaint, joint dislocation, ligament sprain, sciatica and back pain, Baker's cyst, and varicose veins ( P<0.001 ). Most participants with generalized ligamentous laxity (93.6%) had no knowledge of their problem and its importance in choosing an appropriate sports activity., Conclusion: The prevalence of generalized ligamentous laxity seems to be relatively high among the 17-40-year-old population of Iran, especially in women. It seems to be significantly related to ethnicity. It is strongly recommended that examinations, screening, and information be provided at an early age in schools or at least in areas with a high prevalence as national programs.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor that when located on the base of the coracoids process of the scapula is very rare and diagnosis and treatment is often delayed because of its rarity. Almost any bone can be involved, but half of cases involve the femur or tibia. The radiologic features of osteoid osteoma are well known, but these tumors may present with unusual features and be easily misdiagnosed. In this report, we present a case of osteoid osteoma of the neck of the left scapula that took almost 27 months to be diagnosed accurately.

Background: Although the majority of soft tissue masses are benign, it is important to consider malignancy in differential diagnoses. Because most soft tissue sarcomas present as a painless mass, clinicians must watch for signs suggestive of malignancy, including large size, rapid growth, and site deep into the deep fascia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative prevalence according to sex and age, site of tumor, skeletal distribution, and treatment (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) before and after surgery, and ascertain the relative frequency of these tumors in specific anatomic sites and age groups based on pathological studies., Methods: A total of 308 patients, with a musculoskeletal tumor were evaluated retrospectively. All of the patients enrolled into this study were referred to the Beirouni Hospital of Damascus University with a proven diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors from the beginning of January 2008 until the end of 2010. The prevalence of the malignant soft tissue tumors in these patients was analyzed. For purposes of analysis, all lesions were placed in 1 of 9 categories: hand and wrist, forearm, humorous (arm), proximal limb girdle (axilla and shoulder), foot and ankle, thigh, hip and buttocks region, trunk, and other lesions. Age and sex also were recorded., Results: MALIGNANT TUMORS CONSISTED OF SEVEN DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES: malignant fibrous histiocytoma (23%), liposarcoma (22%), rhabdomyosarcoma (9%), leiomyosarcoma (8%), malignant schwannoma (5%), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (5%), synovial sarcoma (10%), fibrosarcoma (13%), extraskeletal chondrosarcoma (1%), and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (4%)., Conclusions: Despite the multitude of pathologic possibilities, most malignant soft-tissue tumors are classified into a small number of diagnoses. These may be further defined when the site of the lesion and the age of the patient are considered. Knowledge of tumor prevalence will assist radiologists in establishing a suitably ordered differential diagnosis when a soft-tissue tumor has a nonspecific radiologic appearance.

Avulsion injury of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) with concomitant fracture of the distal phalanx dorsal base is uncommon. Simultaneous avulsion fractures of the insertion of this tendon associated with rupture of the tendon from the bony fragment and combination with dorsal base fracture is very rare and also complicated. A 36- year- old man fell and injured his right little finger. FDP avulsion with simultaneous dorsal base fracture (containing extensor Tendon insertion) was detected. Our surgical repair by a single midlateral incision the avulsed fragment was replaced on the palmar base of the distal phalanx and successfully immobilized with 1.5 mm screw. After three months, patient had 20 degrees range of motion in the DIP joint. The digit was pain free and also relatively functional. It seems that FDP avulsion classification need to be extended and include this uncommon type as described in this case report for better management of these uncommon type.

Background: Lower extremity amputation has different etiologies and the purpose of the study was to describe the demographics and etiologies of amputations. This study was designed to evaluate amputations performed in the province of Eastern Azerbaijan (north-west of Iran) and to determine specific causes of amputations associated with geographical and cultural characteristics of the region., Methods: We have done this retrospective and descriptive study from June 1st, 2005 to June 1st, 2010 in Tabriz Shohada Hospital (Tabriz, Iran). The patients were evaluated with respect to age, sex, etiology, side and level of amputations, prevalence of amputations among the sexes at different ages and surgical interventions performed., Results: One-hundred-sixty files were identified with a diagnosis of lower limb amputation. Trauma was the most frequent cause in 67 patients (46%), followed by vascular disease in 61 patients (42%), and then infection in 18 c patients (12%). Eighty percent of patients were male and 20% were female., Conclusion: This investigation shows that trauma (especially due to car accidents) is the most common cause of amputations in our region, followed by vascular problems.

Background: Peritendinous adhesions after repairing an injury to the digital flexor tendons are a major problem in hand surgery. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy may affect tendon healing and the development of peritendinous adhesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate ibuprofen effect in patients function after flexor tendon surgical repair., Method: Thirty-five patients, who had sharp-edge lacerations of hand-zone II requiring flexor tendons repair, participated in this randomized double-blind clinical trial study. The patients were randomly classified into two parallel and matched groups (21 patients in the intervention group and 14 patients in the control group). The groups were matched considering age, gender, and laceration size. The control group received a placebo with the same appearance and dosage. In the intervention group, ibuprofen was prescribed at a high dosage (2400 mg/day). The range of motion improvement rate of the involved fingers and the patients' performance after their follow-up period were compared., Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups for range of motion of the involved finger joints (P=0.03). According to the DASH score, there was a statistically significant difference between the final performance of the patients, such that it was 11±2.4 and 18.4±6.3 in the intervention and control groups, respectively (P=0.01). There was not any case of re-tear or need to re-operate in the intervention and control groups., Conclusion: Our findings reveal that ibuprofen with an anti-inflammatory dose was effective in improving the range of motion of the involved fingers joints after flexor tendon injury.