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Bronchiolitis is a common condition that occurs in the first two years of life and has been associated with increased morbidity in later childhood. Following bronchiolitis, children have been noted to have increased wheeze, cough and asthma, increased airway responsiveness, and reduced lung function. When compared with other cohort members, infants with bronchiolitis will have reduced lung function and increased respiratory symptoms in childhood. This article concludes that reduced lung function is present before and after bronchiolitis; the level of reduction is comparable. The mechanism for wheeze and reduced lung function after bronchiolitis appears to be related to premorbid lung function and not bronchiolitis per se.

The article focuses on a research on the diagnosis of a rare case of children cough, primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The article concludes that if the diagnosis of PCD is to be made and morbidity avoided, a clear, focused history and examination is required to select the child who needs specialist referral. At the moment, too many children with PCD are not being diagnosed early enough, and thus treated appropriately.