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Purpose: The cell surface glycoprotein Mesothelin is overexpressed in ovarian, fallopian tube, endometrial, cervical and primary peritoneal cancer and, therefore, might become a particular interesting tumor target in gynecologic oncology. However, even in malignant tumors of the same entity the level of Mesothelin expression varies between individuals, hence it can be expected that the response to Mesothelin-targeting therapies will be variable as well. In this study we explored the therapeutic potency of a novel anti-Mesothelin antibody-drug conjugate (Anetumab ravtansine) as a function of Mesothelin expression in the targeted tumor cells., Methods: Anti-tumor activity studies were performed in human uterine xenograft tumor models that express Mesothelin at high, moderate or low levels. The antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was applied in varying doses ranging from 2 to 15 mg/kg at variable intervals in tumor bearing SCID/beige mice and the impact on tumor growth was monitored., Results: The therapeutic response to the anti-Mesothelin ADC correlated closely with the level of Mesothelin expression in tumor cells. Within the applied dose levels complete tumor regression was achieved only in tumors which expressed Mesothelin at particularly high levels (Hela cell tumors). The application of high anti-Mesothelin ADC doses less frequently was more efficious than giving lower doses at a higher frequency., Conclusion: The studies confirm the great therapeutic potential of Anetumab ravtansine. However, a favorable treatment outcome requires strong Mesothelin expression in tumor cells. Future clinical trials may benefit from a more rigorous selection of appropriate patients based on the level of Mesothelin expression in their tumor tissue. If, in addition, it is possible to better control side effects by introducing protective measures and by doing so to increase the maximum tolerated dose, Anetumab ravtansine has the potency to become a valuable therapeutic tool, especially in the field of gynecological oncology.

Purpose: The cell surface glycoprotein Mesothelin is overexpressed in several tumor entities and novel immune-based therapies are currently under the early clinical evaluation for the treatment of malignant pleura mesothelioma, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Cervical cancer has not been recognized as a suitable target for Mesothelin-directed immune therapies so far., Methods: To exploit a possible role of Mesothelin in cervical cancer treatment, we analysed Mesothelin expression in 79 cervical carcinomas and aligned expressions patterns with tumor growth parameters. A novel anti-Mesothelin drug conjugate (Anetumab Ravtansine) was applied for dose-efficiency studies in a Mesothelin positive tumor model for cervical cancer in Scid mice., Results: In more than three-quarters (77%) of cervical adenocarcinomas, Mesothelin was expressed to high levels. Among squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix uteri expression levels were lower and expression patterns were less intense, but still ranged between 50-60% (57%). A significant correlation between Mesothelin expression levels and tumor grade, metastatic behaviour, and lymph- or hemangiosis was not found. The novel anti-Mesothelin-drug conjugate (Anetumab Ravtansine) showed a substantial dose-dependent therapeutic efficiency in a xenotransplant model for cervical cancer in SCID mice (hela cell tumors). Applying the ADC at a dose of 10 mg/kg twice weekly induced complete tumor regression in 88% of animals within 6 weeks., Conclusions: Mesothelin should be taken into account as a target in cervical cancer therapy and histological determination of Mesothelin expression should be considered in routine diagnostics of cervical carcinomas.