Search

Objective: To estimate the epidemiology of Leber's optic neuropathy (NOHL) in the Region of Madrid., Material and Methods: The neuro-ophthalmologists who work at public hospitals of the CAM were interviewed by telephone. They were asked about the number of patients with NOHL that they had diagnosed during the time that they had been responsible for the neuro-ophthalmology department of that public hospital. The time worked and the population attended by the hospital were used to calculate the number of inhabitant-years in follow-up by each center during the corresponding period. The basic information of each case (date of birth, mutation, date of visual loss) was registered to avoid duplications., Results: Our work estimates a global incidence of 2.34 cases for 10,000,000 inhabitants-year and a prevalence estimated from incidence of one case for each 106.682 inhabitants. This prevalence was very similar in all the studied areas and considerably lower than that reported by other studies., Conclusion: This work constitutes the first approach to the epidemiology of this disease in Spain. The prevalence of LHON in the region of Madrid, is probably lower than that reported in the literature in other regions. The prevalence and the incidence were homogeneously low in the 26 studied areas., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To analyze morphological macular changes after uncomplicated cataract surgery and their correlation with age and arterial hypertension., Methods: Total macular volume (TMV), foveal volume (FOVOL) and foveal thickness (FOV) in patients who had undergone cataract surgery were measured using OCT3 Stratus before surgery, the day after the intervention and one month later. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 software., Results: The study group was composed of 114 eyes from 114 patients. The mean TMV, FOVOL and FOV in the subgroup of patients with signal strength over 6 before cataract surgery were 6.59 (SD0.67) microm(3); 0.16 (SD0.02) microm(3) and 204.97 (SD29.79) microm. One month after surgery the measurements were TMV: 6.93 (SD0.56) microm(3); FOVOL: 0.17 (SD0.06) microm(3) and FOV: 218.07 (SD87.60) microm. We found statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in TMV, but not in FOVOL or FOV. The group of patients under 74 years showed a greater increase in TMV. Patients with arterial hypertension did not show an increase in TMV or FOV compared to patients without arterial hypertension., Conclusions: We found a sub-morphological macular oedema one month after uncomplicated cataract surgery, with age being a risk factor for developing a greater increase in TMV. Arterial hypertension does not seem to be a risk factor for these changes.

Case Report: A 42-year-old man was diagnosed with band or "bow tie" optic atrophy with a right homonymous hemianopia. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed a calcified lesion in the left hippocampus. Craniotomy and tumor resection were performed. The biopsy revealed a subependymoma of the temporal horn of the left ventricular system., Discussion: Optic tract lesions are uncommon clinical entities, in which homonymous hemianopia and contralateral band optic atrophy are characteristic. Subependymomas are infrequent and benign tumors that are typically associated with the ventricular system.

Introduction: Bupropion is used to help people stop smoking. This drug can cause visual alterations but, up to now, its use was not associated with anisocoria., Case Report: A 40 year-old woman with a personal history of migraines, presented with monocular mydriasis during treatment with bupropion. Both pupils dilated equally after a 5% cocaine test, and constricted equally after a 0.025% Pilocarpine test. The anisocoria disappeared after the treatment with bupropion was withdrawn., Discussion: Bupropion inhibits neural uptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. Patients with migraine could have a minor unilateral sympathetic pupillary deficit. This deficit could cause hypersensitivity in the oculosympathetic pathway that could be stimulated with bupropion treatment. This feature could explain the mydriasis in our patient. Another explanation could be that bupropion could unmask a physiological anisocoria.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of topical plus subconjunctival versus retrobulbar anesthesia for primary non-penetrating sclerectomy supplemented with adjuntive 5-FU., Methods: A prospective study of 30 consecutive patients who were randomized to receive subconjunctival (n = 14) or retrobulbar (n = 16) anesthesia was performed. Operating conditions, patient comfort, postoperative pain, total pain and surgical outcomes were evaluated., Results: There were no differences in the operating conditions. The retrobulbar group reported significantly more pain during administration of the anesthetic agent than the subconjunctival group (P= 0.00). The subconjunctival group reported more discomfort during surgery than the retrobulbar group (P= 0.00); however, this feature was not a problem for the surgeon. No statistically significant differences were found in regard to the total pain experienced, the postoperative pain, nor the success rates of the operative procedure in either group., Conclusion: Topical/subconjunctival anesthesia is a safe and effective alternative to retrobulbar anesthesia for non penetrating sclerectomy supplemented with 5-FU.