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Introduction: the overall prevalence of hypersensitivity to metal components has been estimated at approximately 10 to 15%. Objective: the objective of this review is to describe the hypersensitivity reactions that occur secondary to the implantation of orthopedic prosthetic devices in arthroplasty surgery. Materials and methods: an open search was performed in the databases EBSCO, PubMed-Medline, Google academic, SciELO, Embase biomedical and Cochrane Library with the terms Arthroplastym, hypersensitivity, prostheses and implants, in the English and Spanish languages, without limiting the level of evidence. Results: thirty nine articles were found with important information for the current review. Conclusions: skin hypersensitivity reactions to metal are infrequent, so more common inflammatory causes such as infection, instability, loosening or malrotation of the implant, among others, should be excluded before considering such a pathology. Currently there is no gold standard regarding the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of hypersensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]