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Introduction. Few studies have quantified children's adherence to sustainable healthy diets, and none have explored whether adherence varies with child or maternal characteristics. Objectives. To describe adherence to sustainable healthy among a sample of 958 Chilean preschoolers (3-6 years) from the Food Environment Chilean Cohort (FECHiC) and explore associations between adherence and child and maternal sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics. Methods. A single 24-hour multi-pass dietary recall, collected by trained dietitians in 2016, was used to describe FECHiC participants' adherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index for Children and Adolescents (PHDI-C). Adjusted linear models were fitted to explore associations in total and individual component scores with child and maternal characteristics. Results. This sample of Chilean children obtained low PHDI-C total scores (median 50.0 [IQR 39.5-59.8] out of 150 points). This was due to low reported consumption of nuts & peanuts, legumes, vegetables, whole cereals, and vegetable oils; a lack of balance between dark green and red & orange vegetables, inadequate (either low or excess) consumption of tubers & potatoes and eggs & white meats, and excess consumption of dairy products, palm oil, red meats, and added sugars. Mean PHDI-C total score was significantly higher (50.63 [95%CI 49.60, 51.66] vs 47.26 [95%CI 44.97, 49.54]) among children whose mothers were =25 years compared to those with younger mothers. We observed positive associations between scores for fruits and maternal education, vegetables, and maternal age, and added sugars and child weight status, and negative associations between scores for fruits and child age, and vegetable oils and maternal education. Scores for dairy products were lower among girls. Conclusions. Our findings support the need for strategies targeting the low consumption of nuts & peanuts, legumes, vegetables (particularly dark green vegetables), and whole cereals, and high consumption of dairy products, palm oil, red meats, and added sugars, particularly among children with younger mothers and mother with low levels of education. Tripleduty actions aimed at increasing access to and affordability of minimally processed foods and decreasing the availability of animal-source foods and ultra-processed products might contribute to achieving sustainable healthy diets among children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction. Tools for measuring adherence to sustainable healthy diets among children and adolescents are lacking. Objectives. To advance methods for measuring adherence to sustainable healthy diets among children and adolescents by adapting an existing index, illustrate the index calculation in a sample of Chilean pre-schoolers, and explore its association with diet characteristics. Methods. We adapted the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) so that it better reflected the nutritional needs of children and adolescents. The adapted PHDI for children and adolescents (PHDI-C) comprises 16 components with a total score ranging from 0-150 points. A decision tree and food disaggregation methodology were developed to guide its application. Single 24-hour recalls collected from 958 Chilean children (4-6 years) were used to illustrate the difference between using the original PHDI and the adapted PHDI-C. Linear regression models adjusted by child's gender and age were fitted to explore associations between total PHDI-C score, dietary recall characteristics, and nutritional composition of children's diets. Results. Children's total PHDI and PHDI-C scores were low, indicating low adherence to sustainable healthy diets. Median total score was higher when diets were scored using the adapted PHDI-C compared to the original PHDI (50.0 [IQR 39.5-59.8] vs 40.5 [IQR 32.4-49.0]). Low total scores were largely due to very low scores from the nuts & peanuts, legumes, dark green vegetables, whole cereals, tubers & potatoes, and added sugars components across both indices, and to minimal scores from the dairy products, eggs, and fish & seafood components when the original PHDI was applied. Mean total PHDI-C score was significantly lower on weekends and special occasions, and significantly higher when children reported having a special diet (e.g., vegetarian). Total PHDI-C score was negatively associated with total sugars, saturated fats, trans fats, and animal-based protein intake, and positively associated with total protein, plant-based protein, total carbohydrates, and total fiber intake. Conclusions. This study provides an index for measuring adherence to sustainable healthy diets among children and adolescents that can be used to monitor trends and measure the effectiveness of triple-duty actions aimed at improving child and planetary health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)