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This article has as main objective to present the creation context and the operating characteristics of the First Savings Banks of Bahia, between the years 1834 and 1850. The text is organized in three parts, in addition to the introduction and the final considerations. In the first part of the article, we survey the main works on the Brazilian Savings Banks in the 19th century. In the second part, we address the institution's operating characteristics and main types of investment. And in the third and last part, we show the evolution of capital and the number of shareholders Savings Banks of Bahia, highlighting the high degree of concentration of policies held by a few individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the history of Monte de Piedad de México, one of the oldest mutual insurance companies in Mexico, which still plays an important role in offering credit to the poorest sectors of society. The article covers the main events from its founding in 1775 to the first decade of the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the evolution of care systems from the transition from the Old Regime to Liberalism until the beginning of the 20th century. Consequently, we study the transition from a religious-based protective culture to a contemporary full-fledged culture. This evolution shows the main legislative milestones that constituted the public welfare of the nineteenth century and the results of the debates that enabled the emergence of the State in the so-called "social question" of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The socio-beneficent equipment that the public administrations of all the levels put in place to attend the most urgent social needs are studied. An approximation is made to the social expenditure of the State through budgetary means in the two stages that has been determined for the study. Finally, the role played by different institutions in the fight against poverty (pens, savings banks, etc.) is also studied through microfinance and from a gender perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]