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The article discusses a study which examined the biologic links between progressive cellular and structural alterations within knee joint components and the development of symptomatic chronic pain. The study also investigated the molecular basis of alterations in nociceptive pathways caused by osteoarthritis (OA)-induced pain. It utilized Sprague-Dawley rats as animal models of knee joint OA pain. Study authors found structural changes in peripheral knee joint components in relation to central compartment alterations.

The article presents a study which examined the function and number of Treg cells in patients with antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis. According to the authors, Treg cells were functional in patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis while in some patients, higher number of Treg cells in synovial fluid appeared to be involved in the treatment of arthritis. In a mouse model, the authors explain that antibiotic-refractory arthritis and lower number of Treg cells were unable to achieve the treatment of synovial disease.

The article discusses the study which explores the connection between prostaglandin and osteoarthritis (OA) in human adult articular chondrocytes. The study measured cell survival, proliferation and total proteoglyean synthesis in alginate beads by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. The study represents effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of OA on human adult articular cartilage in vitro and receptor antagonist.