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Introduction Prenatal exposure to maternal anxiety and inappropriate levels of glucocorticoids may influence intrauterine growth and affect later health outcomes. We examined the relationship between maternal anxiety, maternal serum, and fetal cord blood cortisol. Methods Eighty-four pregnant women with gestational age above 37 weeks admitted for elective caesarian section were studied. The Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess maternal anxiety. Maternal blood was sampled immediately before caesarean section. Cord blood sample was taken immediately after birth. Multiple regression analysis was performed. Results Maternal trait anxiety score, maternal serum cortisol, and neonatal weight were associated with the fetal cord blood cortisol (r = 0.21, P = 0.04). Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between maternal trait anxiety and fetal cord blood cortisol (r = 0.21, P = 0.03). Conclusions These data suggested that high maternal trait anxiety increases fetus cord blood cortisol and may regulate fetal growth.